Wednesday, 19 August 2015

Did you know Shodancho Soeprijadi.

Shodancho (soldiers) Supriyadi.
 Soeprijadi (born in Trenggalek, East Java, April 13, 1923 - unknown) is an Indonesian national hero and leader of the rebellion forces Homeland Defense (PETA) against Japanese occupation forces in Blitar in February 1945. He was appointed as the Minister of People's Security in the Presidential Cabinet, but was replaced by Imam Muhammad Suliyoadikusumo on October 20, 1945 because Supriyadi never appeared. How and where Supriyadi died, still a mystery unsolved.

Early life.

In a 1945 report, the Secretary of Defense is still "beloem lifted" due to unclear fate Supriyadi.
Supriyadi born in East Java, Dutch East Indies, on 13 April 1923. After completing Europeesche Lagere School (elementary school level), Soeprijadi continued his education to Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (First School level), and then entered the Civil Service School in Magelang. However, the Japanese invaded the Dutch East Indies before he graduated. He then trained Seimendoyo in Tangerang, West Java.

Involvement with PETA.

On October 1943, Japan set up a militia PETA to assist the Japanese army to face the Allies. Supriyadi joined PETA with the rank shodancho or platoon commander, and after training is assigned in Blitar, East Java. He was assigned to supervise the workers romusha. Suffering such workers encouraged him to rebel against Japan.

Blitar uprising.

When Sukarno was visiting her parents in Blitar, PETA forces told him that they were planning a rebellion and ask the opinion of Sukarno. Soekarno asked them to consider the consequences, but Supriyadi sure rebellion would succeed.
On February 14, 1945, PETA soldiers began to rebel. However, the Japanese managed to quell the revolt. Six (or eight) of people sentenced to death and the rest imprisoned for between three years to life. However, Supriyadi not be put to death. Some say Supriyadi escape and hide from Japan and was never recovered thereafter.

Missing.

On October 6, 1945, the newly established Indonesian government declared Supriyadi as Minister of People's Security. However, he never showed up, and on October 20 was replaced by the interim minister of Imam Muhammad Suliyoadikusumo. Until now, his fate remains a mystery.
He was officially declared as a National Hero of Indonesia on August 9, 1975 by Presidential Decree No. 063 / TK / 1975.

Tracing Traces Supriyadi.

Homeland Defense military uprising (map) on February 14, 1945, led by Shodancho (soldiers) Supriyadi in Blitar until now still leaves many questions, especially for the people of East Java.

Where it goes dashing heroes and brave? There is a friend of former shodancho but they do not know his whereabouts. If still alive where is the place of residence, and had died where grave or tomb. Most people when asked about Supriyadi Blitar always shook his head as if giving cues do not understand.

There is only the silent witness traces of the brave heroes once stationed. Silent witness in the form of the workplace, the bedroom, the kitchen, where the cook at the same time a secret meeting rooms, a clinic for treatment and trace where the Supriyadi first raised the flame of resistance against Japanese invaders. Trace and former silent witness this brave hero has now become a school complex Blitar city, said clerks Blitar City Education Department placed in SMPN 3, 5 and 6 Boenadi at work.

At that time no one dared to oppose the occupation any longer fight, only soldiers Map Daidan Blitar, dare to fight it. Indeed there are some earlier uprising, commander of the scholars and public figures in various places in Indonesia but all of them have not yielded satisfactory results.

Suffering of the people throughout the country at that time was very bad. National pride trampled, poverty, hunger and misery infect various aspects of life. What happens is that late night hospital dead, dead night morning sickness, morning sickness during the dead, during the night sick to death, and so on.

Sights smothering and make the inner eye sore that eventually burn nationalism Shodancho Supriyadi and his friends lit a fire of patriotism. On Tuesday Legi Wednesday Night Pahing February 14, 1945 Shodancho Supriyadi started rebelling against the invaders. PETA's uprising, looks less effective because it only lasts a few hours and resulted in the arrest of nearly all members except the brave troops Map Supriyadi. But in terms of the impact event Supriyadi uprising has been able to open the eyes of the world to the Japanese invaders out of Indonesia.

Rebellion map carve gold ink in the history of the struggle of Indonesia, because the incident is the only insurgency by the Japanese army discipline. In fact, this uprising may be regarded as the sole phenomenon of Japanese students who dared to resist his master throughout Southeast Asia and East Asia were colonized by the Japanese colonial.

Perpetrators rebellion many had died, but no one ever testified in the media and on the historical writings. They narrate her involvement in the uprising events Map Blitar, 64 years ago. Among them are former members of the army rank Gyuhei PETA Blitar, Budhanco, even ex Shodancho, though not of Daidan Blitar. In his day, they were scattered in various corners and angles Blitar, but only a few people.

Several heirs of the perpetrators uprising PETA, ranging from family Supriyadi in Blitar were not spared from the target to be able to come back tells the atmosphere at the time. Of various books on the history of rebellion map tells us that Shodancho Hardjomiarso Supriyadi were in residence, the village head Sumberagung District of Gandusari (even villages Sumberagung also could be used as the headquarters of the last uprising).

There is a story that mentions Waterfall Sedudo, in Nganjuk is an other place in East Java which is said to have visited Supriyadi, after the uprising. A name is also written in the history books that the relevant map uprising helped "hide" Supriyadi in a cave on a hilltop near Sedudo.

Also in the village Krisik in the Blitar, Malang regency. There is a cave era Japanese defense found there. But the cave's defense is not found signs of Supriyadi.

There is also news from Beach Pond, Jolosutro Beach, Serang Beach in South Blitar. This location, said first soldiers Map Blitar make the defense, practicing and working with hundreds of romusha forced to die. But back in this place there is no resource that is able to speak about their Supriyadi. Panceran District Ngancar Ngancar village, Kediri regency, precisely on the mountain slopes Kelud. He said at this location Supriyadi fled along with his followers after the guerrilla uprising.

Supriyadi the presence of witnesses that still exists today is the building formerly used by the Army Headquarters on the road map Shodancho Supriyadi Blitar. The area that is now used as educational complex, there are former Supriyadi bedroom, kitchen PETA soldiers, even now stands a monument Map Blitar. Seven statues realized there describe their faces when the uprising occurred February 14, 1945.

Talk about the uprising Blitar map, actually not just talk about Supriyadi mysterious figure. Immediately after the uprising took place a flag (which finally has become the flag of the Republic of Indonesia) red and white, never flying in space Blitar.

According to the story Parthohardjono (PETA Army Blitar) the person who bravely waving red and white on the field in front of the headquarters of the Army Map Blitar. That place, now included in the hero's tomb garden area, directly across from the monument Map Blitar. A note said, after the proclamation of independence, the 1946 General Sudirman never visited the place where the red and white flag ever flown first time in Blitar. At this location Jendal sudirman pinned wreath.

Boenadi said that when the uprising took place, the sound of mortar fire boomed, as a sign of the start of the uprising led by Supriyadi. That night Blitar really tense atmosphere. Map bustle soldiers who began a revolt against his master, the courage one of the brothers making Supriyadi named Parthohardjono red-white flag on the north field headquarters Map Blitar.

Here the red and white pillars was raised. According to the story Parthohardjono do homage to the red and white flag. Then kneel and kiss the ground three times with tears in her eyes full of emotion, convinced that Indonesia has Merdeka night.

Inferno Patriotism and Nationalism uprising Blitar map, it is still lit, and emerged as a passion for the Government and the City of Blitar, especially the Indonesian people in general.

This was supposed to be a whip nation's leaders in the fight for the interests of its people. How Supriyadi have real give evidence against the invaders. Then colleague Supriyadi named Parthohardjono have provide role models of courage and fighting spirit so great. Is not, soldiers Map has been willing to die to be free from the shackles of colonialism.

It is ironic presumably, if the uprising Map lasting only as a mere historical record. Other than that it was only the heroic events scheduled for the celebrated each year in a ceremonial without meaning.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/did-you-know-shodancho-soeprijadi.html
DatePublished: August 19, 2015 at 17:15
Tag : Shodancho Soeprijadi.
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Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
www.Primo.com Updated at: 17:15

Tallest twin buildings.

By having a great partner, sometimes we will become stronger and powerful, could even reach the stars in the sky. Apparently, not only living beings who have a spouse. These buildings also have a partner and 'them' almost touch the sky.

The tallest twin buildings in the world are:

Petronas Towers.

Petronas Towers are the twin towers of the most famous worldwide.
Petronas Towers are the twin towers of the most famous worldwide. With a height of 452 meters, the Petronas Towers was designed by architect Cesar Pelli of Argentina was built in 1998. The 88-storey tall tower is designed to resemble motifs of Islamic art to reflect Islam in Malaysia. At this tower, there is an air bridge that connects the two towers on the floor 41 and 42, which makes it the highest bridge in the world's two floors.

Cullinan Towers.

Located in Union Square, the building consists of two towers, namely The Cullinan The Cullinan North Tower and South Tower, which is the tallest tower in Hong Kong with 68 floors and an overall height of 270 meters.
Located in Union Square, the building consists of two towers, namely The Cullinan The Cullinan North Tower and South Tower, which is the tallest tower in Hong Kong with 68 floors and an overall height of 270 meters. The building is equipped with a glass view that leads to the port of Victoria. Glass facade would give this image futuristic twin towers in accordance with the International Trade Center nearby.

Global SPG tower.

Located in the city of Suzhou, China, Global SPG tower has 54 floors with a total height of both reach 286 meters respectively.
Located in the city of Suzhou, China, Global SPG tower has 54 floors with a total height of both reach 286 meters respectively.

The financial Bahrein harbor.

Bahrain Financial Harbor is one of the commercial project in Manama, capital of Bahrain.
Bahrain Financial Harbor is one of the commercial project in Manama, capital of Bahrain. Commercial complex is located next to the King Faisal Highway, near popular landmarks like Bahrain World Trade Center, Abraj Al Lulu, the Pearl Roundabout and the National Bank of Bahrain. Two tallest twin towers (Commercial Commercial East and West) is currently listed as the tallest tower in Bahrain with a height of 260 meters with 54 floors.

Grand Gateway Shanghai.

Grand Gateway Shanghai is an office complex consisting of two identical skyscrapers in Xujiahui area of ​​Shanghai, China.
Grand Gateway Shanghai is an office complex consisting of two identical skyscrapers in Xujiahui area of ​​Shanghai, China. Designed by Callison Architecture, the building was completed in 2005 and currently occupies the 4th tallest twin towers in the world. Each tower has a height of 262 meters with a total of 52 floors. Thank you for reading this article.
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
Name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/tallest-twin-buildings.html
DatePublished: August 19, 2015 at 14:09
Tag : Tallest twin buildings.
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW

Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
www.Primo.com Updated at: 14:09

Petronas Twin Towers.

88-storey Petronas Twin Towers, 452 meters high, towering into the sky, is one of the landmarks of the capital city of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
Petronas Towers, or the Petronas Twin Towers (Malay: 'Berkembar Petronas Towers') in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia is a pair of twin towers that once the tallest building in the world in 1998-2004, before surpassed by Taipei 101. However, both these towers is still the tallest twin skyscrapers in the world in the 20th century. Petronas Twin Towers held the title as the tallest building from 1998 to 2004 in terms of size, from the floor of the main entrance to the upper floor, which is the original height reference used by international organizations Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat since 1969 (three additional height categories were introduced when the tower was almost prepared in 1996).

Comparison with other tower.

Petronas Twin Towers, the tallest building in the world before the establishment of the Taipei 101 in 2004-which is measured to the top of the component structure (top, not the antenna). Peak (spire) is regarded as an important part of the architecture of the building, and if it could be changed so much change the appearance and architecture of the building, while the antenna can be installed or removed without affecting the appearance of the building. Petronas Twin Towers are still the tallest twin buildings in the world.
Willis Tower (formerly Spears) and the World Trade Center consists of 110 floors, so that more than 22 floor Petronas Twin Towers which amounts to 88 floors. The roof and the highest level of the Willis Tower and the World Trade Center rather exceed the height of the roof and the highest level of the Petronas Twin Towers. Antenna highest in the Willis Tower is 75 meters (246 ft) higher than the tops of the Petronas Twin Towers. However, according to the rules and guidelines CTBUH, Willis Tower antennas are not counted as part of the characteristics of the architecture. Instead, the tops of the Petronas Towers are calculated in size because it is not the height of the antenna mast. Therefore, the Petronas Twin Towers exceed the official height of the Willis Tower with a difference of 10 meters (33 ft), whereas the number of floors Willis Tower has more.

Development.

Petronas towers designed by Argentine architect César Pelli was built in 1998. After spending seven years, the tower was the tallest building in the world when opened. The tower was built on the foundations of the racetrack Kuala Lumpur. The depth of bedrock makes this building was built with the deepest foundations in the world. Foundations as deep as 120 meters that requires no small amount of concrete to be built within 12 months (1 year) by Bachy Soletanche.
A tower of 88 floors is a lot made of reinforced concrete with an exterior of steel and glass building designed to resemble motifs of Islamic art to reflect Islam in Malaysia. One again the influence of Islamic art in this building is a cross-sectional shape of both towers Rub al-hizb, coupled with a circular section to meet the needs of office space. Tower 1 was built by the Japanese consortium led by Hazama Corporation while Tower 2 was built by two South Korean contractors, namely Samsung C & T and Kukdong Engineering & Construction. The bridge was prepared by Kukdong.
Therefore, the steel shortage and the cost of importing steel is expensive, this twin tower was built on a very solid reinforced concrete composed of a radical form of cheap once. Concrete is very sturdy known to many Asian contractors and twice as effective in reducing shocks than steel, therefore the building is twice the weight on the foundations compared to steel buildings are like. Supported by concrete patio 23 × 23 meters and outer ring with a super wide stanchion, these towers use a sophisticated structural system that is in accordance with the slim profile of the building as well as providing office space without pillars covering an area of ​​560,000 square meters (669.754 sq yd). Under these twin towers are Suria KLCC shopping center and Petronas Philharmonic Hall Council.

Tenant.

The tower is fully occupied by Petronas and a number of subsidiaries and associated companies, while offices in Tower Two also leased to other companies. Companies that set up offices in Tower Two of them: Al Jazeera, Hess Corporation, Bloomberg, GE, IBM, Khazanah Nasional, McKinsey & Company, Microsoft, Reuters, Shell.

KLCC park.

Under this building, there is an KLCC Park area of ​​17 acres (69,000 m2), which provides for jogging and sightseeing hall, decorated fountain light show, a pool, and a children's play park. Suria KLCC is one of the largest shopping centers in Malaysia.

Bridge.

There is an air bridge that connects the two towers on floors 41 and 42, which makes it the highest bridge in the world's two floors. This bridge is not mounted directly on the main structure, on the contrary designed to be dropped into and out of the tower so as not to fracture as a result of strong wind or seismic plates mobilization. It is also to control the accumulation of excessive pressure that occurs in the middle of the bridge, because if the bridge is built so close and too clogged with the structure of the tower, the pressure displacement spread around the bridges that eventually created the phenomenon of "bridge distressed", which can cause the bridge to collapse with ease , the bridge is located 170 meters (558 ft) from the road surface and the length of 58.4 meters (192 ft), while it weighs 750 tonnes (750,000 kg).
Petronas is also true air bridge reinforced with 2 feet retort that each side in pairs; the length of each of the leg is 51 m.

Visit the bridge.

Floors 41 and 42 are also known as the podium, because the visitors who want a higher floor to have to change elevators here. The bridge is open to all visitors, all visitors who want to visit the bridge for recreational purposes need to get a ticket and a travel pass. Initially issued tickets are free, but due to maintaining the quality and standard of maintenance of the bridge and the bridge system landscape seen increasingly high costs, management Petronas Twin Tower Bridge has taken the decision to charge the trip at a reasonable price.
All tickets are sold, the average adopted the method of ticket sales concept of 'who came early, he will be able to (first come first serve)'. In Ramadan, production should be limited only ticket around 600 pieces only. As for the other months, ticket production is estimated at about 1500 to 1700 people a day. However, the visitors are encouraged to be in the line queue (Queue-point) early ie at 06.00. This is because the ticket counter only start operating at 08:30 on every day except Mondays (closed for maintenance purposes). The first departure time will begin at 09.00 and end at 19.00. Visitors are free to choose the time of the visit of the day depending on the availability of places. Typically, tickets will be sold out given by the management of the Bridge Petronas at 09.30 am, only tickets or ticket sales are returned directly to the third day of the trip when in operation will continue to be sold until the counter closed at 17.00.
The visitors are only allowed to be on the 41st floor because the floor 42 is only opened to the staff of the building occupants. On the basis of the range payload capability, the elevator could carry only 20 visitors at a time to the bridge. These lifts are high-speed elevator that moves only 41 seconds to the podium bridge. Then visitors have to wait in the waiting room provided by the management. Waiting room facilities theater, DVD video tower construction, information panels, central sorting goods, goods storage locker and several other features. Visitors will be taken to visit the bridge for 15-20 minutes with the characteristics of a certain color tag.

Ticket sales are as follows  :

- Pack 1 (Bridges air only) - RM 3 (adults and children), RM10 (not adult
  citizens).
- Package 2 (air bridge and the bridge scenery) - RM 20 (adults and children),
  RM 40 (instead of adult citizens).
Pavilion of the sights are located on floors 86, Tower 2 Petronas. The trip there took the time 86 seconds from the departure hall. Visitors who choose package 2 is often given the chance to 45 minutes to complete the visit to the air bridge and the bridge of scenery.

Security functions bridges.

This bridge also acts as a safety device; in case of fire or emergency situation like in one of the towers, then the residents can empty it by climbing the bridge to the other tower. Evaluation discharge triggered by a false bomb threat on September 12, 2001 (the day after the tragedy of the destruction of the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York) show that the bridge is not useful for both buildings need to be vacated simultaneously, since the charge is not enough for the emergency stairs to face anything like this. Therefore, the lift is designed to be used if both towers need to be emptied, then managed as emergency drills according to the draft in 2005.
Air bridge of the Petronas Twin Towers is also always equipped with the latest fire extinguishers, detection systems are also heat, smoke and temperature, with security alarm and water splashes tool. There is also a vacuum panel of smoke in the side of the bridge to suck smoke fire if a fire occurs in the bridge complex.

Lift system.

The main shaft Otis elevators located in the center of each tower. All the main lift is a lift of two levels consisting of the lower deck which carries passengers to the odd-numbered floor and upper deck for all the even-numbered floors. To achieve even numbered floors of the lower level, passengers need to climb the escalator to the upper deck lift.
From the lower floor, there are three groups of lifts. A group of six lifts "short distance" to transport passengers to the floor 2/3 and 16/17 floor. A group of six lifts "simple distance" also carries passengers to the floor 18/19 and 37/38 floor. There are also five lifts immediately carrying passengers continue to 41/42 floors. For to exceed 41/42 floors, passengers need to climb the elevator immediately, then swap the elevator to the higher floors. Lifts connector exceeds the highest face lifts that reach the floor 2 to 38. The style of service lifts with recurrent upper floors, ie one set into the floor between 43/44 and 57/58 and a set back to the floor between 59 / 60 and 73/74.
In addition to the main lifts, there are also a number of lifts "extender" that transports passengers between the main lift group level. In contrast to the main lift, additional lift is not diversified at two levels. Two lifts are provided to transport passengers from floor to floor 41/42 37/38 (floors 39 and 40 can not be entered). Therefore, do not need someone in the bottom half of the building to go down to the bottom level to get into the top half of the building.
Lifts is equipped with several safety features, such as the ability to remove people from the elevator stalled between floors with guiding one manually lift adjacent to his side, then open the panel on the wall to open to passengers in the elevator is jammed in order to pass to the carriage another lift. When emptying the building, only the emergency elevator that can be used, because it only comes out on the floor doors G / 1 and flooring 41/42; therefore if there is a fire in the bottom half of the building, which is protected shaft will not be affected. Lift firefighters also provided for emergency purposes.

Centralized air conditioning function.

In the eastern region field Petronas Twin Towers, in north Masjid Ash-Syakirin, there are means KLCC District Cooling utility that aims to provide cool water to all the buildings on the ground KLCC. Cold water unit gas-powered turbine is able to provide a comfortable air as many as 42,000 RT, not only at the Petronas Twin Towers and Suria KLCC, even Menara Maxis, Menara ExxonMobil, Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Mandarin Oriental Kuala Lumpur and the Masjid As Syakirin.

The most important events.

Thousands of people vacate the building after receiving a bomb threat call on September 12, 2001, a day after the September 11 attacks destroyed the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York. Bomb squad deployed but did not find a bomb in the two towers Petronas after evacuating everyone. The buyers and visitors allowed into the back three hours later at noon. No one was injured in the evacuation step.
At the time of 4 nights late November 2005, a fire at a cinema complex in the Suria KLCC shopping mall under the Petronas Twin Towers. No casualties were reported. When the second tower was almost empty (except Suria KLCC visitors who filled theaters and restaurant patrons).
On the 1st morning time September 2009, experts from the French building climber Alain "Spiderman" Robert, managed to climb up to the top of Tower Two by simply relying on the hands and feet without security completeness within no more than two hours, after two previous trials was blocked by police in the middle of the tower. On March 20, 1997, the police arrested him on the floor 60; 28 floor again to the top. Experiments both on March 20, 2007-even 10 years later-once again stymied on the same floor (but in the other tower).

Quote.

Famous quote from architect Petronas Twin Towers:
"According to Laozi, the reality of objects be-space is empty space and not on limiting wall. Of course, he talked about the spiritual reality. It is also a reality for the Petronas Towers. Power void improved and made clearer by the pedestrian bridge ... with a supporting structure built as a gateway to space ... as the doors to the virtual nature. "
-César Pelli, architect (1995).
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/petronas-twin-towers.html
DatePublished: August 19, 2015 at 10.55
Tag : Petronas Twin Towers.
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW

Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
www.Primo.com Updated at: 10:55

Tuesday, 18 August 2015

Largest Cruise Ship.

Unlike the warships or aircraft carrier that was used for military activities in defense of the territorial sovereignty of a country. Yacht is a luxury vessel used to tour, in which is full of luxury. The presence of a cruise ship's still a favorable trend. The larger the size of the vessel, the greater also the luxury in it. This certainly will affect rental prices climb aboard the luxury. There are many luxury yachts in the world, but what about the large size?

Some of the largest cruise ships in the world are  :


MS Allure of the Seas

Cruise ship MS Allure of the Seas.
MS Allure of the Seas is a cruise ship that was built with advanced technology, this ship is able to accommodate passengers reached 1385 people. The luxury ship is equipped with 25 restaurants, has 2000 crew who are already experts in charge of shipping. MS Allure of the Seas was built by Royal Caribbean International Company in 2006. The vessel is considered to be the largest cruise ship in the world with a length of 360 meters, and a height of 360 meters.

Oasis of the Seas.

Cruise ship Oasis of the Seas.
Oasis of the Seas is a cruise ship coming next as one of the largest cruise ships. This ship is still considered the big brother of the ship above. This is because the ship has some differences with the ship inches above. Oasis of the Seas can accommodate as many as 6,000 passengers. There are a variety of luxurious facilities in it like a nightclub, swimming pool, bar, mini-golf, volleyball, and much more. The ship is expected to reach 1.4 billion dollars.

Freedom of the Seas.

Cruise ship Freedom of the Seas.
This ship was never occupy the top positions in the world's largest cruise ship, prior to the construction of the ship above. This luxury yacht has a luxurious facilities in it like a 3D cinema, water park, WiFi, and many other luxury amenities. Freedom of the Seas is capable of carrying passengers sebanya 4600 people, including the crew. Costs incurred to build this luxury liner is 800 million dollars. This luxury ship built by the Royal Caribbean International, as well as the second ship above. Read also Tips for Fast Heat laptop photo

Liberty of the Seas.

Cruise ship Liberty of the Seas.
The ship has almost the same place with the ship Freedom of the Seas. Liberty of the Seas is capable of carrying passengers as many as 3634 people. Besides this yacht has a luxurious facilities such as the three boats at the top, while the ship's length reached 338.9 meters with a weight reached 154 407 tonnes. This ship was built in 2007 by The Royal Caribbean International.

Independence of the Seas.

Cruise ship Independence of the Seas.
The Royal Caribbean International is the owner of the Independence of the Seas. Capacity owned by luxury yacht is about 5710 people, including the crew. This vessel is able to sail 40 km per hour in the European seas. For entertainment there are sports facilities, shopping, swimming pools, and so forth. The vessel length is 339 meters with a weight reached 154 407 tonnes.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/largest-cruise-ship.html
DatePublished: August 18, 2015 at 18:06
Tag : Largest Cruise Ship.
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW

Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
www.Primo.com Updated at: 18:06

Sea Monsters Pride of Indonesia.

KRI Irian.
As a maritime nation, we should already have a capable navy. Not just talking about the quality and quantity of weapons, but it is fitting we have a weapons arsenal that can vibrate the guts opponent. This is the first so proud of Indonesia in the era of the nation-60s. In addition to a fleet of the strongest air force in Southeast Asia, Navy (TNI-AL) dikala it has warship types of artificial light cruiser of the Soviet Union.

Until now there has been no country in Southeast Asia that has never cruiser apart from Indonesia. Legendary cruiser that was KRI Irian, who accidentally imported Indonesian government in order to liberate West Irian (Papua).

KRI Irian is Sverdlov-class cruiser with a code naming soviet Project 68-bis. This kind of ship is the last conventional Cruiser made for the Soviet Navy, 13 vessels completed before Nikita Khrushchev to stop this program because this type of vessel is considered old-fashioned by the advent of missiles (missiles). This ship is a development version of the Explorer Class Chapayev.

This ship is made in Admiralty Yard, Leningrad. The first keel laying was held on October 9, 1949, the ship was launched on September 17, 1950, and the first vessel is operated on June 30, 1952.

On January 11, 1961 the Soviet government began to issue instructions to the Central Design Bureau # 17 to modify the ideal Ordzhonikidze that operates in the tropics. Large-scale modernization done to make this vessel can operate at a temperature of + 40 ° C, humidity 95%, and a water temperature of + 30 ° C.

But representatives of the Indonesian Navy who later visited the town Baltiisk stated that they were not able to bear the cost of the project. Finally modernization diverted to the installation of more powerful diesel generator to drive an extra ventilator.

On February 14, 1961 This ship arrived in Sevastopol and on 5 April 1962 the ship began sea trials. At that time Indonesian crew for the ship has been formed and there is on board. This boat mechanic Mr Yatijan, later became head of the Department of the Navy Engineering. So are many of the other sailors, later many are able to occupy an important position.

Coming to Surabaya on August 5, 1962 and was declared out of the official Soviet Navy on January 24, 1963. The Soviet Union never sell the ship with heavy weight to other countries except for Indonesia. Navy which has never had its own fleet earlier, learning to operate the ships sophisticated and expensive this by trial and error / trial and error. In November 1962, recorded a diesel submarine damaged due to collision hirolis when rising to the surface, a destroyer damaged and 3 of 6 KRI Irian broken boiler. Hot temperatures and high humidity negative effect on the Navy fleet, consequently much of the equipment can not be operated optimally. On the other hand, the presence of these vessels make the Dutch Navy drastically reduce its presence in the waters of West Irian.

In 1964 Cruiser has been completely lost its operating efficiency and it was decided to send KRI Irian to Vladivostok for repairs. On March 1964 KRI Irian up in factory Dalzavod. The sailors and the Soviet technicians were surprised to see the condition of the ship and many small improvements that should have been done by the crew was not done. They are also interested in a bit of modifications made to the Navy is changing clothes into the worship space (something not possible in a communist country).

After the repair was completed in August 1964 the ship was escorted to Surabaya with the Soviet Navy Destroyer. A year later (1965) a change of government. Practical government power in the hands of Suharto. Suharto's attention to the Navy is very different than Sukarno. The vessel was left unfinished in Surabaya, sometimes used as a prison for political opponents of Suharto.

There are several versions about the history of KRI Irian after the G30S.
The first version states that in 1970, KRI Irian was so severe dormant until it begins to fill with water. No one cares to save this Cruiser. So that at the time served as Navy Chief Admiral Sudomo then KRI Irian made of scrap metal (scrap) in Taiwan in 1972 by reason of a chronic shortage of component parts.

The second version, according to Hendro Subroto, warships made just four of these are sold to Japan after its weapons stripped down. "Whereas in Tanjung Priok there are two parts warehouse. But because the previous treatments handled the Russians, after Gestapu, we do not have a technician anymore, "said Hendro.

Protective steel layer.

In mm:

* Armored main belt: 100 mm
* Aft: 32 mm
* Deck: 50 mm
* Home Deck: 130 mm
* The shell of the main gun: 175 mm

Electronic Device.

* Radar:

  Radar Seeker Gyus air-2
  Ryf sea surface search radar
  Radar navigation Neptun

* Sonar:

  Tamir-5N mounted on the hull

* Etc:

  Machta ECM (Electronic Counter Measures)

KRI Irian artillery guns.

The main weapon of the KRI Irian is the fruit of four turrets, each turret containing three cannon measuring 6 inches. For a total of 6 inch 12 caliber cannon on the deck.

Other sights of RI Irian.

* 10 Tube anti-submarine torpedo caliber 533 mm
* 12 Fruit Kanon type 57 cal B-38 Caliber 15.2 cm (6 front, 6 rear)
* 12 Fruits double Kanon-type 56 cal Model 1934 6 (twin) SM-5-1 mounts
   Caliber 10 cm
* 32 Fruit of Canon multifunction caliber of 3.7 cm
* 4 Fruit triple gun turrets Mk5-bis caliber 20 mm (for the purposes of anti-
   Attack Air)

Propulsion.

As a driving force, relying KRI Irian 2 pieces TB-72 steam turbine receiving steam supply from 6 pieces boiler KV-68 and routed through two pieces of shafts.

Total power available is around 110,000 to 122,000 hp hp on both shafts, power is capable of making 13,600 tons ship reaches a maximum speed of 32.5 knots. While the maximum distance that can be reached is 9000 nautical miles at a constant speed of 18 knots.

The number of crew.

This ship can load 1,270 crew, including 60 officers, 75 officers supervisors, 154 first officer. Thank you for reading this article.
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/sea-monsters-pride-of-indonesia.html
DatePublished: August 18, 2015 at 16:59
Tag : Sea Monsters Pride of Indonesia.
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW

Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
www.Primo.com Updated at: 16:59

Battle of Aru Sea.

KRI Matjan Tutul.
On Monday, January 15, 1962 the heroic events in the history of the Aru Sea. At that time, there has been a battle at sea between three Navy warships Gen. (then still called the Navy or Navy of the Republic of Indonesia) with three Royal Navy warships Netherlands.

At these events the Navy warship that sank Tutul Matjan RI and the deaths resulted Deputy Navy Chief Commodore Josaphat Soedarso I along with about 25 crew (Ship's Men) RI Matjan Tutul. The next event is remembered as the "Battle of Aru Sea".

Events "Aru Sea Battle" that occurred 45 years ago is the impact and confrontation Indonesia - Netherlands due to West Irian dispute or that we now know as Irian Jaya. It stems from the denial Netherlands Government to restore West Irian into the lap of the Homeland, although it has been agreed in the Roem-Royen 1949. So finally Indonesia then peal Tri Command of the People or abbreviated Trikora that essentially demanded the return of West Irian in various ways, including by the deployment of military forces.

This means feud between Indonesia and the Netherlands entered a new stage that is out of phase diplomacy into a confrontation in all areas. In order to equip and modernize its military forces, Indonesia "bought" a large number of combat equipment from various countries, among others, the Soviet Union, Fedarasi Republic of Germany (West Germany), Italy and Yugoslavia. One type of military equipment were brought in to strengthen the ranks of the Navy Fleet warships are kind of MTB (Motor Torpedo Boat) Class Jaguar from West Germany. Warships of this type have the ability to fire anti-ship torpedoes surface.

In order to carry out infiltration operations (infiltration), which aims to incorporate a number of guerrilla forces to the Cendrawasih Earth, the Navy deployed four warships types of MTB, which RI Matjan Tutul, RI Matjan Beetle, RI Tiger and RI Lion. Because it is prepared to transport troops, the main armament warship mainstay of this type of MTB that torpedo, forced to "sacrifice" aka stripped so that the vessel has a larger space. It is fatal when they are forced to deal with the enemy warship.

Of the four MTB, there are only three were able to move up into the waters of West Irian, because RI Lions suffered engine damage. But on the way exactly in the position of 4.49 degrees south and 135.2 degrees eastern third of the MTB Navy intercepted three Navy warships. Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Destroyer Class Province Hr.Ms. Utrecht, frigate Hr. Ms. Evertsen and Corvette Hr.Ms. Kortenaer.

Before the two parties hostile passed, two maritime reconnaissance aircraft AL Netherlands types Neptune and Firefly had already caught MTB Navy and subsequently send news to their ship. As a result, there was gunfire in the middle of the ocean in Aru Sea. Realizing that the force is not balanced, the third MTB Navy intends to dodge, but the three enemies do not let them get away with it. In order to protect two other ships, RI Matjan Tutul maneuver to move forward in a straight line directly toward Hr.Ms Evertsen.

This maneuver is considered a threat, because it is a sign that the ship will launch a rocket-torpedo torpedo her. As a result, KRI Matjan Tutul was shot intensively until finally sinking. Most of the crew RI Matjan Tutul fall and partly taken prisoner by the Dutch. Meanwhile, two other Navy MTB-managed melolos himself and arrived at the base safely.

Meaning Hari Darma ocean.

Although January 15 is the day of the event Aru Sea Battle, but actually that date also represents a number of other naval battle ever undertaken by the heroes of the Navy. Long before the events Aru, some naval battle that never happened among other Cirebon Naval Battle (1947) and the Battle of the Gulf of Sibolga (1947).

Even if the draw far backward, ie since the days before the independence of Indonesia, have also been a number of sea battles, like the Battle of Malacca (1511) between the Portuguese fleet Pati Unus, Naval Battle of Sunda Kelapa (1512) between the fleet Fata-Hillah with Portuguese and more again.

Thus it can be said that January 15 is "the soul or spirit of" sacrifice of the entire maritime fighters who have fought to defend the sovereignty of this country from time to time. This is the true meaning of Hari Darma ocean. Indeed, in the millennium which all modern and sophisticated, it seems difficult to happen a naval battle as never experienced in the past. Currently, two naval force impossible when fighting would be in a position to each other face to face. It may even destroy each other two forces and a great distance, because it uses radar and satellite technology.

There are many lessons to be learned from the various sea battles that have occurred in Indonesia. Wisdom is not only about sea battles and the spirit of sacrifice of the perpetrators of the history, but more than that which concerns the existence and sovereignty of a country. It is inevitable, that a battle or armed incidents may occur because one of the parties breaches the territory illegally or forcibly. For example, how the South Korean Navy sank the few mini submarines and surface ships suspected of belonging to North Korean infiltration or espionage activities around the territorial waters of the coast of South Korea.

Or how the weapons incident between Navy patrol boat People's Republic of China to the Philippine Navy patrol boat occurred, in waters Spratley Islands are claimed as territory of each party. In Indonesia, although the weapon or shooting incident did not happen, but tensions to occur when the number of warships of the Royal Malaysian Navy military aircraft infringement action in the territory of Ambalat in the Sulawesi Sea. At that time a number of warships and air units of the Navy with the concentration of troops immediately deployed in the oil-rich waters.

Navy's decisive action based on that what happens in Ambalat, and perhaps also in other areas, it is a matter of how to defend the sovereignty and integrity of the Republic. Even to "prove" to Malaysia will be Indonesia's seriousness in maintaining Ambalat, President RI Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was present directly in the area until they become disputes.

In addition, a number of warships the Navy is also actively repel and intercept any ship approaching desperate Malaysia. At first glance these measures are proven effective, because then Malaysia to withdraw its ships and aircraft, as well as willing to be present at the negotiating table. But behind all that, there are issues that will always be potentially an act of annexation of parts of the Homeland by neighboring countries, namely the issue of maritime borders. Indonesia does not seem serious to resolve the problem with sea borders with neighboring countries.

Even further, Sobar Sutisna, Head Boundary Mapping Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping (Bakor-surtanal), adding that it is also not there is a pressure on the parties concerned in Indonesia.

Ironically, this kind of problem does not only occur in the Ambalat, but also in other border areas, such as the Strait of Malacca, Singapore Straits, the waters of the Natuna Islands and more.

A number of "homework (PR)" regarding the territorial sea boundary NKRI been waiting for the Indonesian government and the Navy as a state defense force at sea. This is compounded by the international recognition of the outermost regions in Indonesian waters called Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEEI). If, territorial sea boundary problem into the sovereign territory of Indonesia as the largest archipelago in the world, is still not seen as a serious problem, so do not be surprised if one day there is no such case Ambalat or annexation.

For the Navy, perhaps what ever fought by the maritime fighters in the past in defending the country's sovereignty, can be a reflection to further enhance the capabilities and strength of its elements in order to defend the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of Indonesia. In addition, the Navy is also expected to be a kind of force of pressure for the government to be more assertive in resolving the problem of the territorial sea, so there is no longer the Homeland "lost" or "looted" by other countries.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/battle-of-aru-sea.html
DatePublished: August 18, 2015 at 16:11
Tag : Battle of Aru Sea.
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW

Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
www.Primo.com Updated at: 16:11

Monday, 17 August 2015

The Role Maintaining Independence.

The struggle for independence carried out by a physical revolution and diplomacy. Many business leaders are instrumental in maintaining independence, among Ir. Soekarno, Drs. Mohammad Hatta, Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX, Commander Soedirman, and Bung Tomo.

Ir. Soekarno.

Ir. Soekarno First President of the Republic of Indonesia.

Soekarno was born in Surabaya on June 6, 1901. Ir. Soekarno was proclaimed the independence of Indonesia. He was the first president of RI elected on August 18, 1945 through PPKI trial. His tenure was spent to settle the problem of the nation. At the time of the Dutch Military Aggression I, on December 19, 1948, Ir. Soekarno was arrested and exiled to Bangka. Before the exiled he could give a mandate to Mr. Syafrudin Prawiranegara (Minister of Welfare) to form the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PDRI). He returned from exile on July 6, 1949.

Drs. Mohammad Hatta.

Bung Hatta accompany the President to lead the Republic of Indonesia.

Drs. Mohammad Hatta proclaimed Indonesia's independence is a character. He has actively fought in the national movement since the student. After Indonesian independence, Bung Hatta accompany the President to lead the Republic of Indonesia. In the military aggression II, he was captured by the Dutch and then exiled to the island of Bangka. He always appeared in various negotiations in solving the problem of recognition of sovereignty of Indonesia. Bung Hatta always trying to improve people's economy. On the idea beliaulah in Indonesia established the cooperative. On December 1, 1956, Bung Hatta resigned from the post of vice president of RI.

Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX.

Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX is a king. He was also a leader of the national struggle in the face of the invasion of the Netherlands. On August 19, 1945, he stated that Yogyakarta shaped the kingdom became part of the Republic of Indonesia.

Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX is a king. He was also a leader of the national struggle in the face of the invasion of the Netherlands. On August 19, 1945, he stated that Yogyakarta shaped the kingdom became part of the Republic of Indonesia. Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX highly influential during the war of independence. He was a nobleman who always mingle with people. No wonder people work together to support the struggle to expel the Dutch from Yogyakarta. In the general strike March 1, 1949, Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX assist TNI to build fortifications in the palace as a hideout. Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX also played a role in signing the results of the RTC in the Netherlands. He appeared as the representative of Indonesia. In the first cabinet meeting of RI on July 13, 1949, he was elected as Coordinating Minister of Defense. Another key positions once held by, among others, the deputy prime minister, chairman of the Financial Supervisory Board, and the Chief Minister of Economics and Finance.

Great Commander General Soedirman.

Subsequently he was appointed by the President with the rank of general. At that time he was the youngest general in the world who was appointed at the age of 29 years.

Previous Sudirman is a school teacher at Muhammadiyah. Then he followed the education Peta (Defenders of the Homeland) in Bogor. He was appointed Division Commander with the rank of colonel Banyumas V. He led troops to attack the Allied soldiers TKR (UK) in Ambarawa.

On 12 November 1945 Sudirman was elected Commander of TKR. Subsequently he was appointed by the President with the rank of general. At that time he was the youngest general in the world who was appointed at the age of 29 years. His job is to prepare the organization to lead the struggle together TKR and Lt. Gen. Urip Sumohardjo. On June 3, 1947 TKR became TNI after first becoming TRI. At the time the Dutch Military Aggression II he led a guerrilla war for seven months. In fact, at that time he was in a state of severe pain due to lung disease. After the war ended, his illness has not been cured, so it can not lead directly Armed Forces. However, he always thought the government needed until the end. Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/the-role-maintaining-independence.html
DatePublished: August 17, 2015 at 13:49
Tag : The Role Maintaining Independence.
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW

Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
www.Primo.com Updated at: 13:49