Petronas Twin Towers.

Petronas Towers, or the Petronas Twin Towers (Malay: 'Berkembar Petronas Towers') in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia is a pair of twin towers that once the tallest building in the world in 1998-2004, before surpassed by Taipei 101. However, both these towers is still the tallest twin skyscrapers in the world in the 20th century. Petronas Twin Towers held the title as the tallest building from 1998 to 2004 in terms of size, from the floor of the main entrance to the upper floor, which is the original height reference used by international organizations Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat since 1969 (three additional height categories were introduced when the tower was almost prepared in 1996).

Comparison with other tower.

Petronas Twin Towers, the tallest building in the world before the establishment of the Taipei 101 in 2004-which is measured to the top of the component structure (top, not the antenna). Peak (spire) is regarded as an important part of the architecture of the building, and if it could be changed so much change the appearance and architecture of the building, while the antenna can be installed or removed without affecting the appearance of the building. Petronas Twin Towers are still the tallest twin buildings in the world.
Willis Tower (formerly Spears) and the World Trade Center consists of 110 floors, so that more than 22 floor Petronas Twin Towers which amounts to 88 floors. The roof and the highest level of the Willis Tower and the World Trade Center rather exceed the height of the roof and the highest level of the Petronas Twin Towers. Antenna highest in the Willis Tower is 75 meters (246 ft) higher than the tops of the Petronas Twin Towers. However, according to the rules and guidelines CTBUH, Willis Tower antennas are not counted as part of the characteristics of the architecture. Instead, the tops of the Petronas Towers are calculated in size because it is not the height of the antenna mast. Therefore, the Petronas Twin Towers exceed the official height of the Willis Tower with a difference of 10 meters (33 ft), whereas the number of floors Willis Tower has more.

Development.

Petronas towers designed by Argentine architect César Pelli was built in 1998. After spending seven years, the tower was the tallest building in the world when opened. The tower was built on the foundations of the racetrack Kuala Lumpur. The depth of bedrock makes this building was built with the deepest foundations in the world. Foundations as deep as 120 meters that requires no small amount of concrete to be built within 12 months (1 year) by Bachy Soletanche.
A tower of 88 floors is a lot made of reinforced concrete with an exterior of steel and glass building designed to resemble motifs of Islamic art to reflect Islam in Malaysia. One again the influence of Islamic art in this building is a cross-sectional shape of both towers Rub al-hizb, coupled with a circular section to meet the needs of office space. Tower 1 was built by the Japanese consortium led by Hazama Corporation while Tower 2 was built by two South Korean contractors, namely Samsung C & T and Kukdong Engineering & Construction. The bridge was prepared by Kukdong.
Therefore, the steel shortage and the cost of importing steel is expensive, this twin tower was built on a very solid reinforced concrete composed of a radical form of cheap once. Concrete is very sturdy known to many Asian contractors and twice as effective in reducing shocks than steel, therefore the building is twice the weight on the foundations compared to steel buildings are like. Supported by concrete patio 23 × 23 meters and outer ring with a super wide stanchion, these towers use a sophisticated structural system that is in accordance with the slim profile of the building as well as providing office space without pillars covering an area of ​​560,000 square meters (669.754 sq yd). Under these twin towers are Suria KLCC shopping center and Petronas Philharmonic Hall Council.

Tenant.

The tower is fully occupied by Petronas and a number of subsidiaries and associated companies, while offices in Tower Two also leased to other companies. Companies that set up offices in Tower Two of them: Al Jazeera, Hess Corporation, Bloomberg, GE, IBM, Khazanah Nasional, McKinsey & Company, Microsoft, Reuters, Shell.

KLCC park.

Under this building, there is an KLCC Park area of ​​17 acres (69,000 m2), which provides for jogging and sightseeing hall, decorated fountain light show, a pool, and a children's play park. Suria KLCC is one of the largest shopping centers in Malaysia.

Bridge.

There is an air bridge that connects the two towers on floors 41 and 42, which makes it the highest bridge in the world's two floors. This bridge is not mounted directly on the main structure, on the contrary designed to be dropped into and out of the tower so as not to fracture as a result of strong wind or seismic plates mobilization. It is also to control the accumulation of excessive pressure that occurs in the middle of the bridge, because if the bridge is built so close and too clogged with the structure of the tower, the pressure displacement spread around the bridges that eventually created the phenomenon of "bridge distressed", which can cause the bridge to collapse with ease , the bridge is located 170 meters (558 ft) from the road surface and the length of 58.4 meters (192 ft), while it weighs 750 tonnes (750,000 kg).
Petronas is also true air bridge reinforced with 2 feet retort that each side in pairs; the length of each of the leg is 51 m.

Visit the bridge.

Floors 41 and 42 are also known as the podium, because the visitors who want a higher floor to have to change elevators here. The bridge is open to all visitors, all visitors who want to visit the bridge for recreational purposes need to get a ticket and a travel pass. Initially issued tickets are free, but due to maintaining the quality and standard of maintenance of the bridge and the bridge system landscape seen increasingly high costs, management Petronas Twin Tower Bridge has taken the decision to charge the trip at a reasonable price.
All tickets are sold, the average adopted the method of ticket sales concept of 'who came early, he will be able to (first come first serve)'. In Ramadan, production should be limited only ticket around 600 pieces only. As for the other months, ticket production is estimated at about 1500 to 1700 people a day. However, the visitors are encouraged to be in the line queue (Queue-point) early ie at 06.00. This is because the ticket counter only start operating at 08:30 on every day except Mondays (closed for maintenance purposes). The first departure time will begin at 09.00 and end at 19.00. Visitors are free to choose the time of the visit of the day depending on the availability of places. Typically, tickets will be sold out given by the management of the Bridge Petronas at 09.30 am, only tickets or ticket sales are returned directly to the third day of the trip when in operation will continue to be sold until the counter closed at 17.00.
The visitors are only allowed to be on the 41st floor because the floor 42 is only opened to the staff of the building occupants. On the basis of the range payload capability, the elevator could carry only 20 visitors at a time to the bridge. These lifts are high-speed elevator that moves only 41 seconds to the podium bridge. Then visitors have to wait in the waiting room provided by the management. Waiting room facilities theater, DVD video tower construction, information panels, central sorting goods, goods storage locker and several other features. Visitors will be taken to visit the bridge for 15-20 minutes with the characteristics of a certain color tag.

Ticket sales are as follows  :

- Pack 1 (Bridges air only) - RM 3 (adults and children), RM10 (not adult
  citizens).
- Package 2 (air bridge and the bridge scenery) - RM 20 (adults and children),
  RM 40 (instead of adult citizens).
Pavilion of the sights are located on floors 86, Tower 2 Petronas. The trip there took the time 86 seconds from the departure hall. Visitors who choose package 2 is often given the chance to 45 minutes to complete the visit to the air bridge and the bridge of scenery.

Security functions bridges.

This bridge also acts as a safety device; in case of fire or emergency situation like in one of the towers, then the residents can empty it by climbing the bridge to the other tower. Evaluation discharge triggered by a false bomb threat on September 12, 2001 (the day after the tragedy of the destruction of the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York) show that the bridge is not useful for both buildings need to be vacated simultaneously, since the charge is not enough for the emergency stairs to face anything like this. Therefore, the lift is designed to be used if both towers need to be emptied, then managed as emergency drills according to the draft in 2005.
Air bridge of the Petronas Twin Towers is also always equipped with the latest fire extinguishers, detection systems are also heat, smoke and temperature, with security alarm and water splashes tool. There is also a vacuum panel of smoke in the side of the bridge to suck smoke fire if a fire occurs in the bridge complex.

Lift system.

The main shaft Otis elevators located in the center of each tower. All the main lift is a lift of two levels consisting of the lower deck which carries passengers to the odd-numbered floor and upper deck for all the even-numbered floors. To achieve even numbered floors of the lower level, passengers need to climb the escalator to the upper deck lift.
From the lower floor, there are three groups of lifts. A group of six lifts "short distance" to transport passengers to the floor 2/3 and 16/17 floor. A group of six lifts "simple distance" also carries passengers to the floor 18/19 and 37/38 floor. There are also five lifts immediately carrying passengers continue to 41/42 floors. For to exceed 41/42 floors, passengers need to climb the elevator immediately, then swap the elevator to the higher floors. Lifts connector exceeds the highest face lifts that reach the floor 2 to 38. The style of service lifts with recurrent upper floors, ie one set into the floor between 43/44 and 57/58 and a set back to the floor between 59 / 60 and 73/74.
In addition to the main lifts, there are also a number of lifts "extender" that transports passengers between the main lift group level. In contrast to the main lift, additional lift is not diversified at two levels. Two lifts are provided to transport passengers from floor to floor 41/42 37/38 (floors 39 and 40 can not be entered). Therefore, do not need someone in the bottom half of the building to go down to the bottom level to get into the top half of the building.
Lifts is equipped with several safety features, such as the ability to remove people from the elevator stalled between floors with guiding one manually lift adjacent to his side, then open the panel on the wall to open to passengers in the elevator is jammed in order to pass to the carriage another lift. When emptying the building, only the emergency elevator that can be used, because it only comes out on the floor doors G / 1 and flooring 41/42; therefore if there is a fire in the bottom half of the building, which is protected shaft will not be affected. Lift firefighters also provided for emergency purposes.

Centralized air conditioning function.

In the eastern region field Petronas Twin Towers, in north Masjid Ash-Syakirin, there are means KLCC District Cooling utility that aims to provide cool water to all the buildings on the ground KLCC. Cold water unit gas-powered turbine is able to provide a comfortable air as many as 42,000 RT, not only at the Petronas Twin Towers and Suria KLCC, even Menara Maxis, Menara ExxonMobil, Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Mandarin Oriental Kuala Lumpur and the Masjid As Syakirin.

The most important events.

Thousands of people vacate the building after receiving a bomb threat call on September 12, 2001, a day after the September 11 attacks destroyed the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York. Bomb squad deployed but did not find a bomb in the two towers Petronas after evacuating everyone. The buyers and visitors allowed into the back three hours later at noon. No one was injured in the evacuation step.
At the time of 4 nights late November 2005, a fire at a cinema complex in the Suria KLCC shopping mall under the Petronas Twin Towers. No casualties were reported. When the second tower was almost empty (except Suria KLCC visitors who filled theaters and restaurant patrons).
On the 1st morning time September 2009, experts from the French building climber Alain "Spiderman" Robert, managed to climb up to the top of Tower Two by simply relying on the hands and feet without security completeness within no more than two hours, after two previous trials was blocked by police in the middle of the tower. On March 20, 1997, the police arrested him on the floor 60; 28 floor again to the top. Experiments both on March 20, 2007-even 10 years later-once again stymied on the same floor (but in the other tower).

Quote.

Famous quote from architect Petronas Twin Towers:
"According to Laozi, the reality of objects be-space is empty space and not on limiting wall. Of course, he talked about the spiritual reality. It is also a reality for the Petronas Towers. Power void improved and made clearer by the pedestrian bridge ... with a supporting structure built as a gateway to space ... as the doors to the virtual nature. "
-César Pelli, architect (1995).
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/petronas-twin-towers.html
DatePublished: August 19, 2015 at 10.55

Tag : Petronas Twin Towers.

Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW