Did You Know About Quartz Sand.

Quartz sand is one of the minerals are relatively abundant in Indonesia . This is possible due to conditions such as Indonesia, which is almost half as a source of acid igneous rock forming minerals such . Quartz sand are found in coastal areas of rivers, lakes , beaches and some of the shallow seas . This mineral plays an important enough for the industry , either as the main raw material as well as follow-up material . As the main raw material , quartz sand used by the manufacturing industry to produce products that can be used by consumers primarily for building materials and the main ingredient in the design of interior / exterior as well as materials for household needs . While the follow-up material , quartz sand used in casting molds for metal materials , refractory materials and as a filler material in the mining and petroleum industry , especially when performing drilling activities .
Along with the state of Indonesia's current economic conditions , the development of quartz sand in the last three years experienced significant fluctuations , ie in the period 1998-2001 , resulting in a decrease in consumption . However, because an important role in the industry , in the first half , in 2002 , the production and consumption of quartz sand began creeping up .

GEOLOGY.

1. So initially.

Quartz sand ( quartz sands ) is an acidic weathering of igneous rocks such as granite , gneiss or other igneous rock containing major mineral quartz . The result of this weathering process then undergo sedimentation , water-borne or wind then deposited on the edges of rivers , lakes or beaches . Because the numbers are quite large and looks white along the banks of a river , lake or the beach , then in Indonesia, better known by the name of white sand .
The quality quartz sand in Indonesia is quite varied , depending on the genesis and influence of mineral impurities formed during the process of sedimentation participate . Ma ¬ terial these impurities are as giving color to the quartz sand , and the percentage of color purity can be estimated . Granules that contain a lot of iron oxide compounds will look yellow , aluminum and titan element content will be more clearly visually , and the content of the elements calcium , magnesium and potassium tend to form a reddish color .
In Nature , found with quartz sand grain size , ranging smooth fraction ( < 0.06 mm ) when there are far from the parent rock , while the size of the coarse ( > 2mm ) is located not far from the parent rock .

2. Mineralogy.

Forming minerals dominantly quartz sand lapped by crystal - crystalline silica ( SiO2 ) which form a hexagonal pattern as well as some mineral impurities are bound with the mineral. The chemical composition of quartz sand generally consists of the following elements:
Table 1.
SiO2 from 55.30 to 99.87 % ,
Fe2O3 from 0.01 to 9.14 % ,
Al2O3 from 0.01 to 18.00 % ,
TiO2 from 0.01 to 0.49 % ,
CaO from 0.01 to 3.24 % ,
MgO from 0.01 to 0.26 %
K2O 0.01 - 17.00 % .
Complete chemical composition of some of the areas that have been studied can be shown in Table 1.
The physical properties of quartz sand has distinctive characteristics , namely the translucent white or other colors depending on the compound impurities , hardness ranged from 7 ( Mohs scale ) , specific gravity between 2.50 to 2.70 , melting point between 1715 ° C , the hexagonal crystal form , specific heat and thermal conductivity 0.185 between 12 - 100o C.

3. Potential and reserves .

From the previous investigation reports Indonesian quartz sand reserves are in western Indonesia , because of the possibility of rocks in this area are acidic . Based on previous research reports and the results of the study Madiadipoera and his friends , the amount of quartz sand reserves estimated at 4.55 billion tonnes , 78.6 million tonnes , comprising measured reserves, 12.4 million indicated tonnes, 21.3 million tonnes of inferred and 4.4 billion hypothetical reserves . Quartz sand reserves are the largest in West Sumatra , which is about 82.5 % of the reserves in Indonesia . Next is West Kalimantan , West Java , South Sumatra .
The best quality quartz sand contained in South Kalimantan with the amount of silica ( SiO2 ) ranged between 98.7 - 99.9 % ¬ , then the quartz sand that comes from Bangka and Belitung with SiO2 content between 97.6 to 98.53 % .

MINING .

1. Exploration .

To determine the potential and the quality of quartz sand reserves conducted exploration activities covering the aerial mapping , topographic mapping , geological mapping , geophysical investigation and proceed with the drilling or well testing . Geophysical methods are appropriate for this quartz sand deposits generally using resistivity method , because the condition is relatively homogeneous quartz sand deposits and tend to parallel to the surface .
Quality and reserves based on quartz sand sampling by drilling wells or test . When you have a thick and extensive known reserves the quartz sand , it will be able to predict large reserve potential . Reserve calculation process can be carried out by the method of Inverse Distance Square ( IDS ) or with roughly calculated by multiplying wide with a thick layer .
At the moment the software for the calculation is quite commonly found on the market such as using software Surfer , Surpac , Datamine or Micromine .
Now we know the size of the reserve , then continued with a laboratory test to determine the quality of quartz sand in the area . When you know all the information , then it can do calculations and analysis to determine the outlook and the appropriate utilization of these reserves .

2. Mining .

In general , quartz sand mining , open pit that is by the dry method and wet method using a monitor ( hydraulic mine ) . The choice of method depends on the processing , distribution and location of the deposition .
Stage mining operations include overburden stripping ( land clearing ) followed by quartz sand excavation , loading .
a. Stripping (stripping )
The purpose of overburden stripping is to reduce impurities ( dilution ) , when it will do the mining process . Usually overburden consists of scrub and clay layers ( soil) .
Activities undertaken in this phase to be cleaning scrub using manual tools ( hoe , shovel , belincong , etc. ) , or mechanical means ( bulldoser rake tool equipped single / double , Harrows ( scrapper ) , shovels , and other etc. ) . The selection of tools depends on the field conditions and the level of mining production .
Equipment used with mechanical equipment includes Harrows process , facilitation and the collection of soil cover material that will be used during the process of back -filling ( reclamation ) to close the land that has been mined.
a. Intake of quartz sand.
Because these minerals loose material , then the mining system that can be used wet or dry manner . Capturing the dry method is to use a power shovel or a bulldozer , then stockpiled and transported to wear dumptruck .
Intake of quartz sand by means of wet spraying is done by the monitor . A mixture of water and quartz sand ( slurry ) is pumped to the reservoir ( stockpile ) and then transported to a processing plant or directly sold to the market .
b. Loading and Transportation
The transport of mining products from the mining area to the processing unit or storage using the tool fit excavator ( back hoe ) , a power shovel or wheel loader . Conveyance is used dump truck , or by means of slurry is pumped through a modified pipes directly to the ship .

3. Processing.

The process of quartz sand processing depending on the usability and requirements needed either as raw material or for direct use. To obtain the required specifications laundering efforts to eliminate impurities compounds .
For some use sometimes done processing quartz sand to form sand grains become rounded. In addition, to get the required size fine grinding, eg for glass industry.

PURPOSE AND SPECIFICATIONS .

1. Usability .

In industrial activities , the use of quartz sand has been grown extensively , either directly as the main raw material and follow-up materials . As the main raw material , for example glass used in the glass industry , cement , tiles , mosaic tiles, raw materials ferro silicon , silicon carbide materials abrasit ( sandpaper and sand blasting ). Meanwhile, as a follow-up, for example in the industry cast, and the petroleum industry of mining , refractory bricks ( refractory ) , and so forth.

1.1 Mining and Petroleum Industries .

Utilization of quartz sand mining and petroleum industries ( drilling ) is a filter that is better known as gravel pack sand ( GPS ) . Size is determined by the strength of quartz sand resistance test strength parameters are determined by the depth of drilling and pressure that will be suffered by the quartz sand . Quartz sand size requirements that meet the standards to be used as a GPS .
Other requirements needed for GPS is Sphericity and Roundnes . In general , if the form of rounded grains of quartz sand approach and does not have the angle of the quartz sand prices higher. GPS on the Mining and Petroleum Industries utilized as anchoring materials that can clog the filter tool mounted on the casing or drill pipe.
In addition, the GPS function to increase the permeability formations , so that the flow of water or oil from formations that originally shaped into a linear radial high pressure low pressure . GPS is placed between the filter tool Sumu wall .

1.2 Cement Industry .

Quartz sand in the manufacture of cement serves as a complement to the silica content of the cement produced . The content of silica for cement plants ranged 21.3 % SiO2 . If the composition of SiO2 quartz sand added yet achieved . Quartz sand usage in this industry vary depending on the silica content of other raw materials , usually ranging between 6-7 % .

1.3 . Ceramic Industries .

In the ceramic industry , quartz sand is forming ceramic bodies along with other raw materials , such as kaolin , clay , feldspar , and dyes . Quartz sand is generally forming properties of glazing on ceramic body , so the shape is slick and easy to clean . In addition , quartz sand as a material having properties that can simplify board drying process , control , shrinkage , and to frame the ceramic body.
Ceramic materials consisting of inorganic nonmetallic materials have crystalline phases and alloy production process requires the presence of high temperature heating . Based on the function and structure , the resulting ceramic divided into two types , namely conventional and modern way .
In general , the conventional way of using natural materials from the amorphous phase after treatment and there was also no treatment . There are two classes of conventional industries including ceramics , namely heavy Industries in ceramics consisting of cement, mortar , refractories , abrasives , and specialty industrial and fine ceramic Industries , which is pottery / ceramic decorative , floor and wall tiles , sanitary ware , tableware drink ( table ware ) , electrical insulators , kitchenware , ceramic engineering , incandescent bulbs , bottles and glasses .
Advanced ceramics industry typically uses raw materials that have artificially pure crystalline phases . Advanced ceramic products which are marketed in the world , among other types of zirconia and sialon in the automotive industry ( engine blocks , gear ) , blades and scissors , barium titanate in industrial electrolytes tronika ( capacitors, resistors ), non - oxide ceramics (zircon nitride), magnesium nitride , silicon carbide , silicon nitride ) used for high technology kiln furniture , cutting tools , machine components , tool extraction and processing of metals and fiber optic telecommunications industry , skyscrapers , lighting , and solar power .
In general , part ceramic body consists of two parts , a body that gives the kind of force , and as a body cover ( glazuur ) so it looks more beautiful and , attractive , and easy to clean . Quartz sand that forms part glazuur .
Percentage of quartz sand in a ceramic depends on the type and usefulness of its products . Quartz sand has an important role as a shaper of ceramic body because it has a function as a controller at the time before and after the combustion process. As a control function , quartz sand must meet standard requirements .
Quartz Sand Material Percentage ( % )
Semi Porcelain 10-20
Bone China 3-14
Local User Porcelain Hotel Heat Resistant Items 20.7 to 32.2 19.6 to 27.0 12.3 to 23.0
European sanitary America 30 25
Stone Ware Europe America 30 25
Sources : Ceramic Studies , PPTM , 1994

1.4 Glass and Glass Industry.

End process of quartz sand into glass processing and glass , by the way fuses them with other materials such as soda and lime in a melting furnace. As a glass-forming material contribution silica ( SiO2 ) is very dominant . Other elements such as soda ( Na2O ) used in the melting process , while lime ( CaO and MgO ) serves as a stabilizer when the process of melting and re- forming the glass and the glass . Typically , the sulfur is added during processing to help softening glasses when melted . For the manufacture of high -quality glass that needs to be added aluminum oxide ( Al2O3 ) and to increase the resilience of B2O3 glass .
As a dye, is added during processing also with other oxides such as iron, cobalt, chromium , copper and nickel .
Requirements quartz sand for glass and glazing industry is absolutely necessary especially chemical composition and grain size distribution . The chemical composition depends on the type of glass to be created and to be able to guarantee a minimum purity requirement , are also restrictions on the content of impurities that affect the quartz sand will be used , because the unwanted impurities will interfere with the treatment process . for example, when one wants is a glass or clear glass , the amount of iron oxide would interfere with the formation of translucent colors products. Therefore to get the white and clear glass , it takes low metal oxide content and high purity silica .
Requirements and common standards used glass and glazing companies to buy quartz sand are shown .
Some companies make the glass industry classification of quartz sand into two types , namely the composition of the white sand and yellow sand with composition .
Quartz sand melting process is a process of change in a variety of feedstocks into liquid batter is homogeneous , so that the size of the fraction becomes very important . Requirements of British Standard Screens for white sand is a maximum of 2 % +28 mesh, +35 maximum of 10% and a maximum of 1% -150. While the yellow sand is a maximum of 2 % +25 mesh , +36 maximum of 10 % and a maximum of 1 % -150 .
Specialized field of building architecture , the use of glass as a major complement to organize the interior and exterior design has been greatly expanded, ie building glass , glass blocks , glass wave , the purpose of the combination of laser light and diffusion , glass fiber regulator on the theater sound systems , binoculars ( see clearly view objects ) , glass eyes , and so forth . To produce the required quality glass processing tech .
Based on the shape and usability , glass sheet can be divided into two types , namely the type of clear and plain or patterned type .
Now , these two species have been developed with advanced technology as much demand in the market . Plain glass type is done with the process liquid glass floating above the liquid metal . Special properties of plain glass has a flat surface on both sides , align perfectly , and distortion -free , for both direct and reflected image , the object is behind the glass will look bright and clear as the glass is transparency and high transmittance , surface brighter than glass polished with a polishing plate because of fire , glass thickness can be up to 19 mm with larger dimensions so as to facilitate planning of a large glass wall .  Usually , plain glass used in interior and exterior design work home , shopping malls , offices , stores and other storefronts .
Patterned glass is a glass manufacturing process by putting the dye in the form of metal oxide compounds into the liquid glass being processed . The advantage of using the patterned glass can reduce heat and glare, and has a very low power of invisibility that gives a sense of comfort for those who are in the room.
This type of glass is very useful for the design of the interior and exterior of homes, offices , shopping centers and so forth in addition , some types of specially manufactured glass , such as glass without reflection is usually used for the optical industry and laboratories , chemical resistant glass bottles for the packaging industry and medicine , and various types of processed glass for high-tech industries such as aircraft, cutting optical and so forth .
Industrial Foundry and Refractory Bricks
Utilization of quartz sand in the foundry industry , because it has a higher melting point of the metal . The function of quartz sand in this industry is as a print and foundry sand .Conditions of quartz sand for molding sand need specific criteria , such as the spread and grain smoothness , grain shape , bulk density , base permeability , clay content , water tempering , compressive strength , shear strength , and permeability .
Quartz sand in industrial refractory bricks used for construction brick forming .
Other Manufacturing Industries
The use of quartz sand in other industries , namely as a reinforcement material in the processing of rubber , filler materials ( paint industry ) , abrasive material ( industrial grinding ) , rust material ( metal industry ) , filter materials ( industrial water purification ) , the raw material in the manufacture of ferro silicon carbide , and others , such as the microchip industries ( electronics ) .
So , thank you for reading this article.  Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished : April 07, 2014 at 11.38

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Did You Know About Batik.

Batik is one way of making fabric . Besides batik can refer to two things . The first is the technique of coloring cloth using the night to prevent staining in part of the fabric . In the international literature , this technique is known as wax - resist dyeing . The second notion is the fabric or clothing made with these techniques , including the use of certain motives which have peculiarities . Batik Indonesia , as the overall engineering , technology , and development -related motives and culture , UNESCO has been designated a Cultural Heritage for Humanity Oral and Nonbendawi (Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity) since October 2, 2009 .

Etymology.

The word "batik" is derived from the combination of two Javanese words "amba", meaning " writing " and " point " which means " point " .

History of batik technique .

Art staining fabric with stain barrier techniques using night is one of the ancient art form . The discovery in Egypt showed that this technique has been known since the 4th century BC , with the discovery mummy wrapping cloth which is also coated the night to form a pattern . In Asia , a similar technique of batik is also applied in China during the T'ang Dynasty ( 618-907 ) as well as in India and Japan during the Nara Period ( 645-794 ) . In Africa , such as batik technique known by the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria , Soninke and Wolof tribe as well as in Senegal . In Indonesia , batik is believed to have existed since the time of Majapahit , and became very popular late eighteenth century or early nineteenth century . Produced batik batik is it all until the early twentieth century and the new batik known after World War I or around the 1920's .
Although the word " batik " is derived from the Javanese , the presence of batik in Java itself is not recorded . G.P. Rouffaer found batik technique is likely introduced from India or Sri Lanka in the 6th century or the 7th .
On the other hand , J.L.A. Brandes ( Dutch archaeologist ) and F.A. Sutjipto ( Indonesian historians ) believe that the tradition of batik is a native of the area such as Toraja , Flores , Halmahera , and Papua . It should be noted that the area is not an area that is influenced by Hinduism but known to the ancient tradition of batik making .
G.P. Rouffaer gringsing also reported that the pattern has been known since the 12th century in Kediri , East Java . He concluded that this pattern can only be formed by using a canting , so he argues that the canting is found in Java in the period surrounding it . Detailed carvings that resemble the patterns of batik cloth worn by Prajnaparamita , the statue of the Buddhist goddess of wisdom from East Java, 13th century . Detailed clothing featuring vines pattern and intricate flowers that are similar to traditional Javanese batik patterns that can be found today .
This suggests that making intricate batik patterns that can only be made ​​with a canting has been known in Java since the 13th century or even earlier .
Legend in Malay literature of the 17th century , Sulalatus Salatin tells Admiral Hang Nadim ordered by Sultan Mahmud to sail to India to get 140 pieces of fabric litter with 40 kinds of flower patterns on each page . Being unable to fulfill the order, he made ​​himself the fabrics . But unfortunately shipwrecked on the way home and only capable of carrying four pieces that make the Emperor disappointed.
In European literature , batik technique was first described in the book History of Java ( London , 1817 ) writings of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles . He had been a British governor of Java during Napoleon occupied the Netherlands . In 1873 a Dutch merchant Van Rijekevorsel gave a piece of batik obtained during a visit to Indonesia to the Ethnic Museum in Rotterdam and at the beginning of the 19th century that began batik reached its golden period . When exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900 , Indonesian batik riveting public and artists .
Since the industrialization and globalization , which introduces automation techniques , new types emerged batik , known as batik cap and batik prints , while traditional batik produced by the technique of handwriting using canting and night is called batik . Hugh Clifford recording industry in 1895 to produce the Week batik , rainbow fabric , and the fabric telepok .

Batik culture .

R.A. heroine Kartini and her husband wearing a batik skirt . Batik motifs used machetes Kartini is a pattern to the nobles
Batik is a craft that has high artistic value and has become part of the culture of Indonesia ( especially Java ) since long . Javanese women in the past made ​​their skills in batik for a living , so in the past batik work is exclusively women's work until the invention of " Batik Cap " which allows the entry of men into the field . There are some exceptions to this phenomenon , namely the coastal batik masculine lines as can be seen in shades of " Mega Clouds", which in some coastal areas batik work is common for men .
The tradition of batik was originally a hereditary tradition , so that occasionally a recognizable motif batik originated from a particular family . Some batik may indicate the status of a person . Even today , some traditional ' batik motif is only used by the family palace of Yogyakarta and Surakarta .
Batik is the ancestral heritage of Indonesia ( Java ) that until now still exist . Batik is also first introduced to the world by President Suharto , who was then wearing batik at the UN Conference .

Batik patterns .

Batik variety of shades and colors are influenced by various foreign influences .
Initially , batik has a variety of shades and colors are limited , and some patterns may only be used by certain circles . However, coastal batik absorb various external influences , such as foreign traders and also in the end , the invaders . Bright colors like red popularized by the Chinese , who also popularized the style phoenix . European colonial nations are also taking interest in batik , and the result is a style previously unknown flowers ( like tulips ) and also objects brought by the colonizers ( the building or horse-drawn carriage ) , including their favorite colors like blue. Retain traditional batik s type , and is still used in traditional ceremonies , because usually each style has a representation of each .
ways of making
Originally batik made ​​on material with white color made ​​of cotton cloth called mori . Today the batik is also made on other materials such as silk , polyester , rayon and other synthetic materials . Motif formed by the liquid wax by using a tool called a canting for subtle motifs , or brush for large motif , so that the liquid wax to seep into the fabric fibers . Fabrics that have been painted with wax and then dyed with the desired color , usually starting from a young colors . Immersion then taken to another motif with color or black older . After some time the coloring process , which has dibatik cloth dipped in chemicals to dissolve the wax .

Types of batik .

According to the technique .

Batik is a cloth that is decorated with textures and patterns of batik by hand . This type of batik making takes approximately 2-3 months .
Batik cap is decorated with fabric textures and patterns created with batik cap ( usually made ​​of copper ) . This type of batik making process takes approximately 2-3 days .
Batik painting is the process of making batik with a direct way to paint on a white cloth .

According to the origin of manufacture .

Javanese batik .

Java Batik art is a cultural heritage of Indonesia , especially Java -controlled areas of the Javanese people from generation to generation . Javanese Batik motifs have different . This motif is common difference dikarnakan motives that have meaning , the purpose is not just an image but implies that they can from their ancestors , namely religion animism , dynamism , or Hindus and Buddhists . Javanese Batik in many developing regions Solo or commonly referred to as Solo batik .

Meaning and Meaning of Various Motif Batik fabric .

Meaning and Meaning of Various Batik . Batik is one type of painting on cloth using the night and canthing . Batik is a traditional heritage that has become part of the lives of the people of Indonesia Central Java and Yogyakarta is famous as the origin of batik . Batik has a deep philosophy , especially concerning the meaning of the motif motifs described above in the fabric sheets . The philosophy that relates to harmonization among humans , between humans and nature , and man and the creator , and the hope of a better life . Everything is contained in the motifs and ornamentation that characterizes batik cloth . Batik has many motives . And each motif has a deep meaning and significance that deserve to ponder . In the past not all can be used batik fabric just anyone . There are certain motives are off limits to ordinary people and can only be imposed by the royal family . Here are some articles about the sense and meaning of batik motifs that must be known by everyone so that continuity can be maintained .

Batik meaning .

Motif Sido Luhur .

 This motif implies nobleness . For Javanese people , life is aiming for the material and non- material sublime . Nobility of the material means any bodily needs could be fulfilled by working hard in accordance with the position , rank , degree , or profession . While virtue , speech , and action is non-material form of nobility .

Sido Drajad Motive.

Batik Sido Drajad besan when worn by the wedding ceremony . How to use batik also has its own educational value . For children wear batik belt wolo manner . In philosophy , the use of belt wolo moral freely interpreted , in accordance with the souls of children who are still free , immature , and yet has a moral responsibility in society . When someone wearing teen with jarit . Long jarit has its own meaning . The longer , the higher the degree of a person . For adults use differ between men and women . In men , the pleat is placed on the left , while in women , pleat placed on the right , which means nengeni , a princess must not violate the will of the husband .

Sido Mukti motif .

This motif contains a wealth of meaning . To the Javanese , who live apart coveted virtue , speech , and action , is the attainment of mukti or prosperity , both in this world and the hereafter . Everyone should be able to control the passions , pleasures wag reduce tetanggam do good without harming others , and so on .

Motif Slobog

Slobog be interpreted lobok or loose . The fabric used for the funeral , with the aim that the deceased had no trouble facing the almighty .

Motif Patch

Appears confidence in Javanese society , when using this fabric as a blanket while sick , he will recover quickly . Patched it means adding a new spirit . With the new spirit of the expected new hope will emerge so readily available cure .
Batik is part of the culture of our beloved country , Indonesia . an honor we could have a tradition of clothing called " BATIK " . with very diverse motives and very artistic .

Behind stored various batik motifs that symbolize the meaning of certain things. Here are described some motif and its meaning is  ;

Motive Udan Riris .

Implies fortitude and must hold through life concerned even if hit by rain and heat.
Example : People married life , especially for the newlyweds , to be bold and willing to live concerned when many obstacles and trials , the proverbial hit by rain and heat , ill be easy to complain . Any hindrance and obstacles that must be faced and solved together . Husband or wife is part of living in the household . If one is facing the problem then partner must help resolve , not the other way just add to the problem . For example , if the husband was getting trials tempted by another woman , then she should be wise search for solutions and look for problems . Vice versa if the wife got the temptation of another man , the husband would have to be wise without prior unsuspecting superfluous evidence .

Parangkusuma Motif .

Contains the meaning of life should be guided by him to look for a fragrance born of struggle and inner , supposing the fragrance of flowers ( kusuma ) .
Example : For the Javanese , the people living in the most sought after is the main personal fragrance without leaving the prevailing norms and manners in order to avoid disaster interchangeable born & inner . Although tough to be realized , but generally the Javanese hoping to find that perfect inner and outer life . Moreover, in an age that is completely open now , really tough to reach to the level of life as expected , because a lot of temptation . In this materialistic age , people are more likely to find a name redolent with money by buying proprietary , instead of personal behavior and that good .

Parikshit motif .

Implies that uttk seek virtue must be based on the effort and agile . Sure it's hard work and agile without having to leave the norms prevailing in society . Not the other way effort and agile with a dirty way , would be greatly avoided . Because the impact will be very heavy embossed clear & will surely backfire for himself alone . With effort and agile that is expected to build a nuclear family who was born and inner peace .

Kawung motif .

Implies that strong desire and effort will always produce results , like rejekinya doubled . Already the law of karma , that the people who work hard will reap results , although sometimes have to take a long time .
Example: a farmer who worked diligently in the fields, if cut no aggravating pests, he would harvest rice which doubled at a later date . But unfortunately , the work culture everything to reap the most ill done by everyone . Especially today , where eager almost instantaneous , people want to get rich quickly without working hard . Want to get rich quick with how corruption , robbing , deceiving , and any other blemish action . For work habits everything to reap the maximum that SDH is often taught by our ancestors since the first Javanese . Hard work to produce the folded fortune would be more meaningful if accompanied with saving attitude , conscientious , meticulous , extravagant and ill .

Truntum motif .

Meaning to grow and thrive . Thus , the Javanese always crave for every new family that have children who will soon replace the previous generation interchangeable . That new generation that will be the foundation of any new family who recently married For forward all expectations and ideals of the family as well as the next generation of biologically inherited traits that offspring of a new family . Hope it always appears when a new family is formed .
Phrases soon have offspring solih & Solihah, useful for family, community, religion, and the state is often heard when there is a wedding ceremony.Because it is from a new family that is expected to develop other new families . While others said that the motive for this truntum beginning created by the Surakarta royal relatives who were distressed because they feel neglected by the king . In the midst of solitude that he saw in the sky in the middle of the night many stars sparkling accompany her loneliness within . Inspiration that is captured and forth within the motif .

Sidaluhur motif .

Implies nobleness . For the Javanese , life is sublime him to look for the material and non-material . Virtue means the material can be fulfilled all the bodily needs with hard work in accordance with the position , rank , degree , or profession . Nobility of the material obtained by the true , lawful , and legitimate without cheating or disgraceful acts such as corruption , robbing , stealing , and so on . Because even though the material was sufficient or even excessive , but if the material possessions obtained improperly , ill-gotten , it can not be said to achieve nobleness materially . Nobility of the material would be more meaningful if the property owned by it is beneficial to others and can be given in various forms such as donations , donations , grants , and so on . While virtue , speech , and action is non-material form of nobility . People who can be trusted by others , or words very beneficial to others of course it would be better than his words could not be held by someone else and not trusted anyone else . People who can be trusted by others is a form of non-material sublime . Java really hope people can reach later life lived full of sublime value .

Sidamukti motif .

Implies prosperity. Thus for the Javanese, in addition to the coveted life of virtue, speech , and actions , of life in order to attain mukti or ultimately prosper in this world and in the hereafter . People living in the world is looking for peace and prosperity and unseen . To achieve prosperity and peace that will undoubtedly be achieved if without effort and hard work , virtue , speech , and action . But to achieve all this is certainly not easy . Everyone should be able to control the passions , reduce pleasure , wag neighbor , do good without harming others , and so on , so that he felt physically and spiritually prosperous . Life to achieve prosperity and unseen that is also one of the Java community 's desires and of course also universal .

Motif Megamendung

In Megamendung form we can see irregular curved lines on a regular basis of the shape of curved lines in the ( smaller ) and then widen out ( enlarged ) shows the regular harmonic motion . It could be said that this irregular curved lines carry a moral message that human life is always changing ( up and down ) then progresses out to find identity ( learning / social life religion ) and ultimately bring him into a new world heading back into a union after going through the ups and downs ( up and down ) to eventually return to their home ( the laws ) . So that we can see the shape of the arch formed megamendung always a little moving swell kept out and eventually had to return to the small round but should not be interrupted . Regardless of the philosophical meaning that Megamendung symbolizes human life as a whole so that its form should be fused . In terms of production is required if the form of curved lines Megamendung must meet at one point the next bend so when the color on a gradual process ( from the color of light to dark color ) could be easier .

Parang Barong .

This motif is derived from the word "rock " and " barong " ( lion ) . Parang Barong machete is the most great and glorious , and because of the sanctity of this motif philosophy should only be used for the king , especially worn during religious rituals and meditation .
This motif created by Sultan Agung Hanyakrakusuma who wants to express his life experiences as a king with all his duty , and consciousness as a young man in the presence of the Creator .
Barong word means something big , and this is reflected in the large size of the motif on the fabric . Damaged motive Parang Barong is the mother of all parang motif . This motif has a meaning that a king always cautious and self-control .
So , thank you for reading this article . Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author :
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941
name : Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/04/did-you-know-about-batik.html
DatePublished : April 06, 2014 at 14.23

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Tag : Batik.

Anger Control , Never Easy Caught.

Facing ( and Against ) Bullying in the Workplace .

Bullying does not only happen in the school environment . At work was the only inhabited adults susceptible to " torture " committed colleagues and clients .
Let's opponent in an elegant way .

The study of the American Psychological Association ( APA ) is done about bullying Workplace Bullying Institute is surprising .
As many as 35 percent of U.S. adults have been a victim of bullying at work . A total of 15 percent said they have witnessed the incident .
" A lot of clients who expressed that a colleague in the office add to their stress levels . Poor working relationship if left unchecked will cause havoc in her life , " said Jonathan Alpert , executive coach at the same experienced physiotherapist , as quoted by the Huffington Post .
Some safe ways can be taken to curb the unpleasant situation in the office .
One of them , capable of dealing with people who have excessive narcissistic nature .
Type of worker that is very often bullying at work . Besides having egocentric , the person weak in seeing things from another person's perspective .

Here the authors provide ways to deal with it .

1 . Situation Evaluation Workshop .

Take a look, if only one person who is the target of bullying or multiple people at once ?
If almost all of your friends to experience bullying , mean bullyer it is typical that does not need attention . Do not make it as a personal matter and act recklessly , because the employee 's reputation is at stake .
Measures should be taken to be different when you are the only victim .
See the problems experienced from a broader viewpoint . Note the gap that can be taken to avoid such threats , for example, minimizing the affair with bullyer .

2 . Anger control .

Ever heard the phrase " spit fire of anger , will only burn yourself "
It is also applicable in this situation . Keep calm . Redamlah emotion or the bullyer will increasingly benefit from uncontrolled anger .
By being patient , you do not need to ignore the ego bullyer .

3 . Note Restrictions .

Choose a friend or family member who is believed to practice in the face of bullying .
It will foster self- confidence when facing a bullyer in the real world . Make it all becomes simple and clear .
When faced with the threat of a bully , an employee can say " Please do not talk to me , especially with that tone . Was very abusive and unprofessional , "

4 . Positive Relationships wake .

The most important thing in creating a healthy work environment is a healthy relationship with someone from your company .
The better your connection , they will get to know you . Risks to receive the bully was getting smaller .
You will not get the pressure that can inhibit , but rather support and healthy relationships that can boost performance .
So , thank you for reading this article . Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author :
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name : Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/04/anger-control-never-easy-caught.html
DatePublished : April 06, 2014 at 10.26

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Tag : Anger Control, Never Easy Caught.

Black Horse Aims Podium.

 

Mercedes duo pole for Bahrain GP. 

Mercedes dominance has not stopped at the beginning of the Formula 1 series this season.
After winning the Australian GP and GP Malaysia, the duo Mercedes driver Nico Rosberg and Lewis Hamilton again dominant in the Bahrain Grand Prix practice and qualifying.
Rosberg fastest with a time of 1 minute 33.185 seconds and the right pole, then Hamilton was behind.
Indeed the Red Bull-Renault driver Daniel Ricciardo who became the third fastest, but he could not start at third today (6/4), as sanctioned retreat 10 grid because making a mistake while undergoing a pit stop at the Malaysian GP.
He came out of the pitlane with the left front tire is not installed perfectly.
Penalties for Ricciardo Valtteri Bottas became the good luck to (Williams-Mercedes).
Interesting here is from Bahrain GP there is a dark horse looming dominance of the Mercedes, not Red Bull, Ferrari or McLaren, but Force India-Mercedes.
In comparison data teams that use the soft tire during a training session first, second and third, the average speed of the Silverstone squad origin is only surpassed by Mercedes.
Today Perez is the fifth fastest in the qualifying session will start in fourth position, it is the second pole of his career, and before he also started fourth in the Spanish GP 2012.
Judging from the overall results of the first day of the training session, Force India-Mercedes just became the seventh fastest.
But the soft tires which seem to be selected all the teams in the race today (6/4) to make VJMO7 appear grim.
Average data based on the fastest time long run when all teams use the soft tire contour. To obtain comparable data, the analysis performed on each rider after the race simulation using soft tires.
The average speed is calculated from the first 12 lap practice session the night (FP2). When all the racers use the same tires, lap count is at a maximum when the performance of the car was like in the actual race.
From these data, it was found that Sergio Perez became the second fastest with a time of 1 minute 40.822 seconds. He was only 0.6 seconds slower than Rosberg.
Meanwhile Ricciardo occupied the third position with a time average of 1 minute 41 029 seconds.
"Looking at the condition of the track, Force India look slick, especially (Sergio) Perez. Nico Hulkenberg, Perez's teammate slightly worse in comparison, but both have good traction. Was the key factor in circuit performance.
History says, keeping a car tire with good durability on the track. And the car is able to perform well in the long distance is a key champion in the 2014 season, "said Gary Anderson, an analyst F1 Autosport.
Analysis of the data is evident in the third practice session (FP3). Sergio Perez successfully poke to third.
Meanwhile, one and two positions remain filled Hamilton and Rosberg. Note the time only half a second adrift of Hamilton.
Sebastian Vettel (Red Bull-Renault) had an accident which is not unusual when the third training session.
World champion four times in a row it loses control of the rear wheels when exiting the third corner. Failed to restore control, the car exit the track and was unable to continue the last training session.
So, thank you for reading this article.  Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author :
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name : Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/04/black-horse-aims-podium.html
DatePublished : April 06, 2014 at 08.49
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Tag : Black Horse Aims Podium.

Fatal consequences.

1. STOMACH

At first glance, the stomach is generally a safe passage . But do not get me wrong when it hit the stomach also be fatal . Because there stomach in the stomach . When the automatic injured gastric digestion will be disturbed and when hit hard can cause vomiting blood .

2. BACK

In the back there is a spinal cord nerves . When hit hard not only to vomit blood but can also breaking the spine . Can be treated by surgery .

3. CHEST

Dada is the most frequently beaten . Inside the chest are the lungs . Inside the chest is also there to protect the pulmonary rib - paru.Akan very dangerous when the lungs are damaged , breathing will be disturbed and can cause death .

4. CHIN

Surely you are wondering why the chin is called a vital part when struck ? Agan can try it yourself , it feels pain when struck chin section . That's because it is connected by a jaw chin . When struck vigorously can cause jaw displacement .

5. NOSE

The nose consists of cartilage . When struck will be very prone to bleed , and when it is damaged will interfere with breathing .

6. EARS

The ears are also made ​​up of cartilage . What will happen when the ear is struck ? ? ? When you hit the ear will cause the fluid in the ear sway and make dizzy and eventually passed out .

7. EYE

It's a magical way to knock out your opponent only 2 attack + not take much.
The eye is the sense of sight only us. When the eye is struck firmly , eyes could be damaged and even blindness. Try to imagine, let alone beaten to plug it hurts.

8. HEAD

BRAIN useful to protect our head . Never hit head
( unless forced ) , because the head is the central nervous system and when hit , can cause a concussion . And when it was really severe , victims / opponents will die instantly .

9. BACK OF THE NECK

Behind the neck are spinal nervous system . When the nervous system is broken, we can not do anything else and just stiff .

10. GENITALS

You must already know , this vital part of the most severe when hit . As an example of male genitalia . If one testicle was ruptured , will result in infertility .

11 . Adam's Apple

Never at this part , except in cases of urgency . Try to hit a little bit of your Adam's apple , is certainly going to hurt . Especially hard hit could cause damage to the respiratory system , digestive and vocal cord will be damaged and the victim can die . Do not get hit on anyone that can lead to things like the above .
So , thank you for reading this article . Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author :
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name : Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/04/fatal-consequences.html
DatePublished : April 05, 2014 at 23.13

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Tag : Fatal in contact with a punch.

Did You Know Your Personality To Picture .

A psychologist developing these forms , which have been extensively tested in the world for several years . Color color has improved and tested again to obtain a set of best shape . These shapes represent the nine basic personality types . Choose a form below which you liked the most and read your personality underneath.
Remember , your choice should be honest and should not be manipulated because the test results of this personality type that only you know .

When you choose ;

Figure No. 1.

Introspective , Sensitive , Reflective
You more often and focus on themselves and their own environment rather than interacting with others . You hate superficiality , prefer solitude than hurt because people whisper . But your relationships with your friends are very intensive , which gives you the peace and harmony that you need in order to feel good . However it is not a problem for you to be alone for some time without becoming bored .

Figure No. 2.

Independent , not regular ( not conventional ) , Needless tertekang
You want freedom and detachment from life that let you determine your own path.
You have an artistic flair in your work and leisure activities . This call for free sometimes causes you to do something that is the very opposite of what you want. Your lifestyle is very individual. You will not blindly imitate what is "in", on the other hand you are looking for a life in accordance with the ideals and convictions and , even if it has to swim against the tide .

Figure No. 3.

Dynamic , Active , much out of things is born
You are really willing to accept some risk and a strong commitment to exchange interest and varied work . Routine , in contrast , tend to immobilize effect you . What is your favorite can play a role in many fields . In doing so , your initiative is stronger .

Figure No. 4.

Unpretentious , very firm stance , harmonious
You appreciate natural style and love that is not complicated . People admire you because you have a strong capability and they rely on you . You give it to the person near and distance protection . You feel warm and humane . You reject everything that is striking and obsolete . You tend to hesitate on behavior / change in fashion trends . For you , clothing should be practical and good are not prominent .

Figure No. 5.

Professional, Pragmatic , Confident
You are responsible for your life, put your smaller and more luck to the act itself. You solve problems with practical actions and uncomplicated . Realistically you are looking at something in your life and handled it well . You are given a great responsibility in the work , because people know that you can rely on. Strength firmly against the will be projecting your beliefs on others . You will never really feel satisfied until all your goals achieved .

Figure No. 6.

Quiet / Peaceful , Wise , Not Aggressive
You respond to life easy as wise .  You make friends effortlessly as enjoy your privacy and independence . You often get away from him and be alone from time to time to contemplate the meaning of life and enjoy yourself . You need a place to hide beautiful , but you are not a loner. You calm with yourself and the world, and appreciate life and what the world offers .

Figure No. 7.

Cheerfully , Likes playing / joking , fun
You love a free and spontaneous life . And you are trying to enjoy it in full because it holds the motto " you only live once . " Your Curiosity large and open to everything new , you evolve with changes . Versatile you consider your surroundings and always so giving a surprise .

Figure No. 8.

Romantic , Dreamer , Emotional
You are very sensitive . You refuse to see things from the standpoint of simplicity and rationality. What do you feel is very important to tell you.
In fact , you feel it is important to have dreams in life . You reject people who flout the romance and controlled only by rationality . You refuse to let anything confine the rich variety of your moods and emotions .

Figure No. 9.

Analytical , Reliable , Confident
Sensitivity represents the moment you high quality and durability.
Consequently , you like to wrap yourself with "little pearls" that you find on any other people ignore. Then , culture greatly affect your life . You have found your own life , which is elegant / flexible and exclusive , free from the influence of fashion . Your ideal , you base your life , is cultivated pleasure . You judge a person's level of culture on who you are talking .
You have to believe about this personality test , but the choice must be honest and do not look at the answers first , so it's like being a test .
So , thank you for reading this article . Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author :
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name : Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/04/did-you-know-your-personality-to-picture.html
DatePublished : April 05, 2014 at 22.38

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Tag : Did You Know Your Personality To Picture .

Cheating word etymologically.

UNDERSTANDING THE MEANING OF WORDS " AFFAIR "
The word cheating is actually not a foreign word to most people . In various media and in real life , the news about the affair many reviews. Infidelity is often interpreted by most people as a sexual relationship between a man and a woman who is not lawful husband and wife . However , when dealing with strangers who ask " what is it cheating " What is cheating ? , People get confused . For the sake of trivial people answered , " Cheating " is Love affair , an affair , or affarir romantic liaison . Answer this kind are common interpretation is " wrong " about the meaning of the word affair which tended to be associated with sexual or romantic relationship between the individuals who are not husband and wife valid.
At first glance people would agree with that answer . However , when we opened the Indonesian - English Dictionary , meaning that we will find no connection whatsoever with sexual matters , romantic , romance , romance .
In the Indonesian - English dictionary , the word Indonesia " cheating " has the same meaning as the English word "dishonest , corrupt " which means cheating , corrupt .
Stuart Robson , an Australian expert Java language and are compiled Javanese English Dictionary , mention the word cheating means to do something on the sly ( doing something secretly or surreptitiously , sneaky , secret or not forthright ) . Of course , Stuart Robson was not making it up, because in the dictionary ( dictionary ) Java - Indonesia prepared by S. Prawiroatmodjo , there is an explanation to this phenomenon . " Salingkuh " ( Jw ) means skimming , money and so forth . Once again , there was no association with sexual problems , romance , romantic or romance that deviate from the conjugal bond framework legitimate .
In Big Indonesian Dictionary , the word cheating is a stand-alone word , not a word formed from " lingkuh " which are prefixed with " se " . The word cheating has two meanings , first , do not come clean , dishonest , like hiding something for its own sake , cheating , unfaithful . Second , corrupt ( embezzled money ) for personal gain . So , in essence , " cheating " is the nature of the individual, alone , which does not involve other people . Namin , now Indonesian users say that cheating appoint " two human involvement in amorous adventures outside the valid path " .

The word " Cheating " is etymologically .

In ancient Javanese word indicates singkuh barrier , something is blocking the view , such as a wall , curtain or partition . So that means unobstructed view kasingkuh word , hidden behind a curtain or partition . While slingkuh word , which is derived from the interpolated singkuh " l " , means like hiding behind a wall , curtain or partition . In other words , like to do things by stealth , confidential or secret.
Apparently, warnings do not cheat ! applies to all ages , not just for the husband - wife or teenagers , because a child could say cheating , if he likes to eat alone or not so secretly asked by others . Another example , a housewife who secretly use the money to buy goods without the knowledge of the jewelry itself can be called cheating husband . Husband who often go to have fun with their friends without the knowledge of his wife could be called cheating , although not engage in sexual relations , romance or romance with another woman . Conversely , a husband who openly maintain concubines ( invalid wife ) with his wife's knowledge and consent of the legitimate , can no longer be called cheating , because it is already common knowledge . It is still, from the point of religious law concubinage including adultery .
Thus , the affair is not only addressed to the husband and wife are legitimate . Infidelity can be directed to anyone who is doing something secretly or surreptitiously without the knowledge and consent of everyone else .
Therefore you have to really know and understand in depth the terms that arise with regard to the phrase " cheating " .
So , thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author :
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name : Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/04/cheating-word-etymologically.html
DatePublished : April 05, 2014 at 22.04

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Tag : Cheating word etymologically.