There are two types of bone marrow:
Red marrow, is also known as myeloid tissue. Red blood cells, platelets, and most of the white blood cells produced from the red marrow.yellow marrow. Yellow marrow produces white blood cells and the color is caused by fat cells that many contain.
Both types of bone marrow contains many blood vessels and capillaries.
At birth, all bone marrow is red marrow. Along with the growth, the more it turns into yellow marrow. Adults have an average of 2.6 kg which is about half of the bone marrow is the red marrow. Red marrow is found mainly in the flat bones such as the pelvis, sternum, skull, ribs, spine, scapula, and the soft parts at the ends of long bones femur and humerus. Yellow marrow is found in the hollow interior of the middle portion of long bones.
In the state when the body loses so much blood, yellow marrow can be converted back to red marrow to increase the production of blood cells.
Spinal cord.
The spinal cord is a thin nerve is an extension of the central nervous system of the brain and the vault as well as protected by the spine. The main function of the spinal cord is the inclusion of transmission between the periphery and brain stimulation. Another function is to control the spinal cord reflex, including reflex movements of the eyes, nose, and others.The bone marrow function.
Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue is present in the bones of the skull, scapula, pelvis and spine. Bone marrow consists of hematopoietic cells and fat cells that helps in producing new cells. It helps in the production of red blood cells and white blood cells and platelets. The function of these cells is to carry oxygen, helps the body fight infection.Bone marrow.
When the production of white blood cells in the bone marrow gets out of control will cause Leukemia. Lately, serious diseases such as leukemia, blood cancer has been successfully treated in many patients with bone marrow transplantation. The following article will discuss:What is the bone marrow?
What is the structure of the bone marrow?
What is the function of bone marrow?
What are diseases associated with bone marrow?
What is the bone marrow?
The bone marrow has a large cellular structures that are present in the hollow cavity of the hard bone tissue. These are 2 types: red bone marrow which produces blood cells and bone marrow with fat yellow. Age change the nature of the bone marrow in different parts of the body. Partly for youth and children, the bone marrow which is present in many parts is a kind of red and while the time we had reached adulthood, the cells of bone marrow, especially in the long bones of the legs and arms ceased to function and replaced by cells of the bone marrow yellow , But the spine, pelvis, skull, sternum bring red bone marrow cells throughout life. Therefore, these bones are the first to be affected by the disease.
What is the structure of the bone marrow?
The bone marrow is composed of adipose cells and hematopoietic tissue islands surrounded by sinus vein. It is spread in the webbing trabecular bone. In the adult mouse bone marrow sediment about 3% of body weight, 5% human and 2% in dogs. The bone marrow is considered the main hematopoietic organ, and also the primary lymphoid tissue. It is responsible for producing red cells, monocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets.What is the function of bone marrow?
Bone marrow cells continue to divide and produce a variety of cells in the blood and is very functional.Various blood cells include:
Red Blood Cells.
This performs the function of transferring oxygen from the lungs to the bodyWhite Blood Cells.
The fight against infection by creating various types of cells such as lymphocytes, antibodies and chemicals.Platelets,
It performs an important function of blood clotting after any wound or injury and prevent blood loss.Blood flow to provide feedback to the bone marrow and controls the amount of cell growth produced for the common cell types.
Diseases associated with bone marrow?
One of the most common disorders and serious bone marrow is associated with the overproduction of cells. It is largely forced by diseases such as leukemia, which curb the production of other cells and hence the disease is growing rapidly. Bone marrow cells have been found to be highly sensitive to radiation due to the nature of their continuous separator. That is the reason why the use of radiation therapy for cancer that caused a lot of loss of bone marrow cells. When there is a general decline in the cells present in the blood, it is called as aplastic anemia. When the cells of the bone marrow or blood cells are not produced in sufficient quantities, yellow bone marrow changed to red bone marrow. Because the red bone marrow can be traced in an unusual location in the body.Some other bone marrow disorders including myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS), plasma cell disorders, anemia due to deficiencies (such as iron) and / or hemoglobinopathies, lymphoma and anemia due to deficiency / dysfunction erythropoietin.
Spinal cord function.
The spinal cord is a cylindrical shaped bundle of nerve fibers that connect the brain to the brain stem. The spinal cord runs in the middle of the spine protector extends from the neck to the lower back. Brain and spinal cord is a major component of the central nervous system (CNS). SSP is a processing center for the nervous system, receive information from and send information to the peripheral nervous system. The cells of the peripheral nervous system connects the various organs and structures of the body to the CNS via cranial nerves and spinal cord. Spinal cord nerves transmit information from the organs of the body and the brain to external stimuli and transmit information from the brain to other areas of the body.Anatomy Bone Marrow behind.
Spinal cord consists of nerve tissue. The inside of the spinal cord is made up of neurons, supporting cells called glia nervous system, and blood vessels. Neurons are the basic unit of a neural network. They consist of a cell body and a projection that extends from the cell body that is able to perform and transmit nerve signals. This projection axons (carries signals from the cell body) and dendrites (carry signals toward the cell body). Neurons and dendrites they are contained in a region of the H-shaped spinal cord called "gray matter." Some areas of gray is a region called "white matter." The white matter of the spinal cord containing axons are covered with insulating substance called myelin. Myelin is a whitish in appearance and allowing electrical signals to flow freely and quickly. Axons carry signals along the descending and ascending channel to and from the brain.Neurons are classified as motor, sensory, or interneurons. Motor neurons carry information from the central nervous system to the organs, glands, and muscles.
Sensory neurons.
Sensory neurons transmit information to the central nervous system of internal organs or from external stimuli. Interneurons relay signals between the motor and sensory neurons. The descending channel of the spinal cord consists of motor nerves that send signals from the brain to the muscles controlling voluntary and involuntary. They also help to maintain homeostasis by helping in the regulation of autonomic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and internal temperature. Channel ascending spinal cord consists of sensory nerves that send signals from the internal organs and external signals from the skin and extremities to the brain. Reflexes and repetitive movements are controlled by the spinal cord neuronal circuits that are triggered by sensory information without input from the brain.Axons that connect the spinal cord to the muscles and the entire body are combined into 31 pairs of spinal nerves, each pair with a sensory root and a motor root that make connections within the gray matter. These nerves must pass through the protective spine to connect the spinal cord to the rest of the body. Location nerves in the spinal cord determines their function.
Advanced marrow (medulla ablongata).
Ablongata medulla is the starting point of the spinal cord of the left body toward the right side of the body, and vice versa. Medulla form the lower part of the brain stem and the connecting bridge pons to the spinal cord.Advanced marrow (medulla ablongata) The medulla controls the automatic functions of the brain, such as heart rate, blood circulation, respiration and digestion. This is all done by a group of neurons in the reticular formation in the advanced marrow (function controls the respiratory system) and cranial nerve (controls the heart rate).
In addition, there is also acts as a central regulator of reflex physiology, air pressure, body temperature, blood vessel dilation or penyepitan, movement of the digestive tract, and secretion of digestive glands. The other function is to regulate reflex motion, such as coughing, sneezing, and blinking.
Cord acts as a central regulator of respiration in a manner that stimulates nerve impulses continue the muscle between the ribs and the diaphragm. Among the advanced marrow, there thalamus consisting of two protrusions.
The role of the thalamus is as a forward impulse to the sensory areas in the cerebral cortex to put together. In addition, the thalamus has ties to various parts of the brain that is where the traffic of impulses between the brain and parts of the cerebrum.
Anterior thalamus, hypothalamus which plays a role there regulate the function of internal organs (visceral). The hypothalamus regulates diverse functions, (such as body temperature, sleep, drink (thirst), emotions (angry, upset, happy), and reproductive behavior. In addition, the hypothalamus is also the place neurosekresi affecting spending on pituitary hormone.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/09/is-bone-marrow-was.html
DatePublished: 11 September 2015 at 08:22
Tag : Bone Marrow.
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