History of Hawaii's leadership was passed on by some big names such as Kamehameha family relatives Lunalilo, Kalakaua, Liliuokalani, until finally included in the set of colonies the United States in 1900, and ratified as a state of the United States 50, on August 21 1959.
In the big congress of 1993, President Clinton had to apologize to all the peoples of Hawaii, Hawaii on the destruction of the royal dynasty. Hawaii is one of the top tourist island in the world, the potential for natural beauty and marine tourism "super beautiful" Hawaii made famous throughout the entire world.
Another famous figure is the origin of Hawaiian Duke Kahanamoku, who is the inventor of the sport of surfing.
Important Facts About Native Hawaiian.
Anyone who hears Hawaii certainly know that the region is the state of the United States 50th. Sunny weather all year round, beautiful natural scenery, dancing hula and unique culture, as well as a variety of interesting tourist attractions has been attached to Hawaii. However, relations between the US, Hawaii, and Native Hawaiian is one of the tricky things that may not be known to many people.A native Hawaiian is a separate race.
Residents of Hawaii (Hawaiian) is not named after US states (such as Californian, Texan, New Yorker, etc.). In contrast, the US state was the one named after Hawaii residents.People of Hawaii, also known as Kanaka Maoli, are the indigenous people (and their descendants) from the island of Hawaii. Their ancestors are indigenous Polynesian people who sailed to Hawaii and inhabit the islands there at around the 5th century.
A native Hawaiian or Native Hawaiian is a racial classification that is recognized by the United States. In the 2010 census, 527 077 people reported that they were Native Hawaiian or Hawaiian mixed blood. At least 8,000 people live pure-blooded Native Hawaiians left in the world.
A native Hawaiian endangered.
The first contact with Westerners occurred in 1778 when Captain James Cook, the English explorer sailing ship HMS Resolution towards Kealakekua Bay in Kona on the Big Island of Hawaii. It is estimated that between 400,000 and one million Native Hawaiians living on the Big Island of Hawaii at the time.Isolated from the mainland and others, the disease known throughout the world unknown in Hawaii. As a result, in one century, a native of Hawaii has dropped in number to about 40,000 due to the outbreak of smallpox, measles, influenza, sexually transmitted diseases, whooping cough, and the common cold.
They form an independent and sovereign state.
Kingdom of Hawaii is the kingdom (monarchy) internationally recognized involved into trade agreements and bilateral friendship with other countries including the United States (1826), England (1836), France (1839), Denmark (1846), Hamburg (1848 ), Sweden and Norway (1852), Tahiti (1853), Bremen (1854), Belgium and the Netherlands (1862), Italy and Spain (1863), the Swiss Confederation (1864), Russia (1869), Japan (1871), New South Wales (1874), Portugal (1882), Hong Kong (1884), and Samoa (1887).They became literate after contact with the west.
Christian missionaries first came to Hawaii in 1820. Hawaii Children starting school and learning to read and write in the Hawaiian language. In 1869, a newspaper article reported that Hawaii is the only rule of the Pacific region are attending the Paris exhibition.In the event, showcased Hawaii newspaper, the Bible, textbooks, law books, agricultural products, and examples of 'civilization' other. Wiasatawan Europe reportedly were surprised to learn of ordinary people in Hawaii are also taught the same things that at the time it was only taught to the elite of Europe.
Their administration was taken over illegally.
On January 17, 1893, an illegal overthrow of the Hawaiian government lasts. US Marines from the USS Boston, two US cruise company, and US Minister John L. Stevens landed at Honolulu Harbor and along with the United States and European entrepreneurs do illegal coup on Queen Lili'uokalani.Their motive is greed, land tenure, and control over the sugar industry. The businessmen and sugar plantations led by Sanford Dole, dubbed "sugar barons." Sanfords cousin, James Dole, sometimes called "the king of pineapple", start the pineapple industry in Hawaii to open the Hawaiian Pineapple Company. Sanford Dole is the only American who became president of the independent foreign countries, though not push yourself.
The natives of Hawaii tried to fight.
The natives of Hawaii tried to fight back through the "legal process" the United States. Hawaii became a protectorate of the United States, while the investigations carried out by US President Grover Cleveland, upon written request of Lili'uokalani. Cleveland and his administration concluded that the overthrow was illegal. He stated that "a serious error has occurred". He brought the issue to Congress that seemed to take it seriously, while "government straw" in Hawaii that has made Sanford Dole as president, continues to gain strong power on the islands of Hawaii.Meanwhile, Native Hawaiians launching a massive petition to stop the top US official annexation of Hawaii. They argue if Congress realized that the natives of Hawaii do not want to be part of the US, they will restore independence to Hawaii. Public meetings were held in five major islands. Of the approximately 39,000 native Hawaiian population, 21 269 of them signed the petition. This is an extraordinary amount considering the remaining amount of the population that did not sign the petition are mostly children.
Lili'uokalani traveled to Washington DC to present protests and petitions to Congress. At the time, traveling long distances requires many months by sea and land. But all in vain. Congress did not act on the request of President Cleveland and the newly formed Congress of the administration of President William McKinley. At that time, Spanish-American War began erupting and the United States do not want to let go of Hawaii in the Pacific.
Hawaii was annexed as a US territory in 1898, with 1.2 million hectares of land formerly owned by the Hawaiian monarchy and the people of Hawaii. No compensation paid to anyone by the US government.
Hawaiian language is prohibited.
Soon after the overthrow of the new law was made to declare that teaching in schools using a language other than English is illegal. English replaces the Hawaiian language as the language of government, business, and education.So began the colonization of the indigenous people of Hawaii. Children will be punished at school when speaking in Hawaii. Those who speak Hawaiian at home will be looked down upon. Cultural and linguistic oppression systematically lasted for decades, and the language was almost lost because the parents and grandparents feel uncomfortable to pass on their language to the younger generation.
Only when the constitutional amendment was passed in Hawaii in 1978, the use of the Hawaiian language in schools is allowed.
The Queen Lili'uokalani wrote the famous song "Aloha Oe". (Farewell).
Ironically, the only person jailed for the overthrow of the Queen Lili'uokalani. In 1895, an underground group of royalist attempted rebellion against the government led by Sanford Dole, but the attempt failed. There is no bloodshed, but only weapons found at the bottom of the royal palace. Lili'uokalani guilty of treason against the government, which has actually been illegally overthrow him. Although he was sentenced to five years for rough work, he was sentenced to nine months house arrest.
During that time he wrote a few songs, and he is famous for the song "Aloha Oe" which he created in 1878. Lili'uokalani wrote "Aloha Oe" as a love song, and now often sung as a farewell song.
Territorial government finally allocates an annual pension of 4,000 dollars to him. United States never gave him compensation for private land taken. Lili'uokalani died in 1917 at the age of 79 years. In his will, he ordered that all her possessions sold and the proceeds donated to the foundation of Queen Lili'uokalani Children's Trust who take care of orphans and the indigent. The foundation is still in operation to this day. A Lili'uokalani statue erected in front of government buildings in the state of Hawaii.
The US formally apologized.
President Bill Clinton signed a formal apology to Native Hawaiians on the overthrow of their nation illegally. Public Law 103-150 was passed through a joint resolution of Congress in 1993 to commemorate 100 years of the overthrow.Provisions in the law states that :
- The overthrow was illegal. Section 1 states: "Congress ... on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the illegal overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii on January 17, 1893, recognizes the historical significance of this event which resulted in the suppression of the inherent sovereignty of the indigenous people of Hawaii;"- The US apologized: "... on behalf of the people of the United States apologized to Native Hawaiians on the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii on January 17, 1893."
- The indigenous people of Hawaii could have a legal claim against the US: "Nothing in this Joint Resolution which is intended to be a settlement of any claim against the United States."
A native Hawaiian rebuild their culture.
In the 19th century they were destroyed by the plague until leaving less than 40,000 survivors. In the 20th century they colonized, life suffering, and loss of homeland captured superpower, together with the influx of tourists and immigrants from countries other US and foreign countries are infinite in number. Not to mention Pearl Harbor was bombed during World War II when Americans use Hawaii as military bases in the Pacific region. Although the indigenous population of Hawaii now only the remaining 12%, they continue to work to find a decent place in this modern era of Hawaii.- Gov. John Waihe'e was first elected governor of Hawaii that are descendants of native Hawaiians. He served in the period 1986-1994.
- In 1987, teaching in the native language Hawaiian resumed in public schools. Currently there are 21 public schools in the state immersion Hawaii Hawaii. Students come from different races who choose to study all subjects using the Hawaiian language.
- Rise of Hawaiian culture-language, dance, art, customs began in the 1970s and continues to this day.
- Native Hawaiian population continues to struggle to regain self-government in some form, as well as legitimate compensation over the illegal overthrow of the missing and their nation. Thank you for reading this article.
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/09/do-you-know-about-hawaii.html
DatePublished: September 2, 2015 at 19:29
Tag : Do You Know About Hawaii.
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