The history of the Berlin Wall.
Berlin wall is also considered as the main icon of the Cold War. In addition to the "iron curtain" that form the border between East and West Germany. Reason east German government to build the Berlin Wall is to prevent the spread of Nazism understood in eastern Germany, which is considered to still exist. The Berlin Wall can be traced to its origin since Joseph Stalin blockaded West Berlin. And West responded with a massive airlift.Stalin had long sought to expel all the elements of a block west of Berlin, but failed miserably with The Great Airlift Berlin to the west. Because Berlin west remain in the hands of the Western block, many residents fled to Berlin east Berlin west to escape Communist rule. Then East German leader at the time, Walther Ulbricht ordered the blockade to Berlin west to prevent the exodus of east Berlin. Carrying 3.5 million residents fled to Berlin Germany east west until 1961, when the Berlin Wall was built.
Initially the Berlin Wall is only a barbed wire fence, small wall which is made from the composition of rocks brick and wooden barriers. East German government also closed the border with western Germany and build a border wall dr north-south tip of Germany. The massive exodus that makes Walther Ulbricht to build the Berlin Wall and the wall of the state border.
In 1961 there was a crisis in Berlin. Soviet tanks and tanks at Checkpoint Charlie Americans faced, with cannon in aiming position. Commented one of the citizens of Berlin at that "if there are fraudulent turn on firecrackers wrote, we are toast" was so tense situation at the time. Then, the American and Soviet negotiate to resolve the crisis. In fact this is a game Ulbricht to reap the benefits. East German dictator then strengthen Berlin wall, set a trap for vehicles, nail boards to prevent the escape jump.
Many attempts were made citizens desperate to cross to the east Berlin west. Even the stakes are life threatening. There are building an underground tunnel, made hot air balloon, even using light aircraft. There's also early days when the Berlin Wall was still in the form of barbed wire, a lot of people desperate to jump over the wire fence. Berlin wall has two layers of walls. Between the two walls there is a "no man's land" area where the escapees were shot dead on the spot. "No man's land" include minefield, automatic machine gun nests, guard dog alert, alarm fitted to wire reply. Recorded more than 200 people killed in no man's land Berlin wall, mostly because they were shot dead east German border guards.
Broadly speaking, the Berlin Wall in the form of barbed wire, razor wire which modernized, concrete walls, no man's land, and the second wall. Which became iconic is the fourth tier wall, which was built in 1975 by Erich Honecker, Ulbricht's successor eastern German dictator. Erich Honecker optimistic, the Berlin Wall would stand up to 100 years. Honecker even create a program called "Wall in 2000". "Wall 2000" is a program of digitalization system of national borders and border the Berlin Wall which aims to reduce the manpower and costs. "Wall 2000", will be equipped with various sensors and detectors, intelligent minefield, to spray a liquid chemical to stop the run. Guaranteed there will be no escapees who will try to penetrate the Berlin Wall and the border fence east-west German state.
The core of the system "wall in 2000" was a variety of sensors such as heat sensors, motion sensors detect even the voice sensor breakout For that hide. And No Man's land is maintained, deliberately coated sand to detect footprints of the fugitives with ease. Actually, the guards were instructed to pretend guns know if he saw footprints in the no man's land. The new shoot later. "Wall 2000" null and built following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the dissolution of the German eastern and tore down the Berlin Wall. Berlin wall demolished in 1989, when a peaceful revolution throughout Germany began to burst.
Initially, neighboring countries open borders, so that hundreds of thousands of residents fled to the eastern German states such as Hungary and Austria. Following the German government's decision eastern eastern German states every citizen can freely travel anywhere. Stupid at a press conference, the government said the government's decision comes into force immediately. This is a fatal error. As a result, hundreds of thousands of people stormed the east Berlin Checkpoint Charlie and broke into the western Berlin. Erich Honecker desperate lowered its police force to dispel the citizens who tried to escape.
The collapse of the Berlin Wall history.
Prior to the construction of this wall, there are about 3.5 million East German citizens who migrate and defected to the west, one with a pass East German border and West Germany, and then they can go to other Western European countries. Between 1961 and 1969, these walls also prevent it. In the span of approximately 30 years, there are about 5,000 people who tried to escape, with estimates there are 100 to 200 people who died were shot.In 1989, there were radical political changes in the Eastern Bloc, which is related to the liberalization of the system of authority in the Eastern Bloc and also began to decrease the influence of the Soviet Union in countries such as Poland and Hungary. After several weeks of civil unrest, the East German government announced November 9, 1989 that the people of East Germany should go to West Germany and West Berlin. Then, crowds of East Germans crossed and climbed over the wall even then, followed by West Germans on the other hand to celebrate the atmosphere of freedom. Several weeks later, the euphoria of public and souvenir hunters finally cracked parts of the wall. Later, most of the wall was destroyed by the government using heavy equipment. The Fall of the Berlin Wall paved the way formation of German reunification, October 3, 1990.
After allowing loopholes for residents to cross the border in the summer, Hungary finally effectively removes the physical barrier country with Austria on 19 August 1989. In September, more than 13,000 East Germans fled to Austria via Hungary. This causes some series of events next. The Hungarian prevent a growing number of East Germans who crossed the border, and return them to Budapest.
East German people's meets West German embassy and refused to return to East Germany. East German government responded by closing all the way to Hungary, but still allow those who want to return to East Germany. On this occasion, the East German authorities to allow them to go, as long as they use the train must pass through East Germany. Then came the massive demonstrations in East Germany alone. East German leader, Erich Honecker, resigned on October 18, 1989 and was replaced by Egon Krenz a few days later. Honecker had predicted that the walls were still will last up to 50 or 100 years from now, if the condition of the country has not changed.
Protest demonstrations broke out across East Germany in September 1989. At first, the protesters wanted to go westward, chanting "Wir wollen raus!" ("We want to go!"). But then the protesters began shouting "Wir bleiben hier" ("We will stay here!"). So, this is the beginning of what is called the East Germans as the "Peaceful Revolution" in late 1989. Protesters greater in early November. The protesters peaked on November 4, when nearly half a million people gathered at Alexanderplatz demonstration.
Meanwhile, the refugees who left East Germany to West Germany is increasing, and they found a new way to get out of East Germany, that is the way through Hungary via Czechoslovakia (or via the West German Embassy in Prague) as permitted by the new Krenz government, and with approval by the communist government of Czechoslovakia. So that the state is not more complicated, eventually politburo led by Krenz allow refugees to exit directly through the border between East Germany and West Germany, including West Berlin on November 9, 1989.
Date when the wall were chipped away is 9 November 1989, but at that moment the wall is not directly destroyed on the spot. In the afternoon and a few weeks later, people came carrying a sledgehammer and the like to destroy some walls and also create some holes unofficial border. These people are referred to as "Mauerspechte" (wall woodpeckers).
Back East German regime announced that it will open 10 new border crossings, including at several historic sites such as Potsdamer Platz, Glienicker Brücke, and Bernauer Straße. The mass of the two sides wait for hours, cheering when the bulldozers destroy this wall. New border crossings continued to be opened throughout 1990, including at the Brandenburg Gate dated December 22, 1989.
Residents of West Germany and West Berlin East Germany allowed entry without a visa from 23 December 1989. Until that date, they are only allowed in with various requirements and are required to make an application for a visa. In addition, they are required to pay a minimum of 25 DM per day. So, in fact on November 9 and December 23, the East German population is more free than West Germany.
Coverage on television about the many people who destroyed part of the wall on 9 November make many people abroad think that this wall will be destroyed as soon as possible. Actually, this wall is maintained until a few days later, although the intensity of the smaller guard. In the first month, the East German military even tried to repair the wall that was destroyed by the "wall woodpeckers". Then, over time, this action was stopped, and the guards increasingly tolerant to the action of the destruction of the wall and it goes through the wall of the hole population. Dated January 13, 1990, this wall was destroyed by a military official of East Germany, began in Bernauer Straße. The back wall destruction continued after German reunification until finally completed in November 1991.
Only a few parts of the walls and towers were maintained, as a memorial. The fall of the Berlin Wall was the beginning of German reunification, which was signed on October 3, 1990. The collapse of the Berlin Wall this illustrates that the power of the union of man in this world is unmatched strength as pharmaceutics resistance encountered. Thank you for reading this article.
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/did-you-know-history-berlin-wall-fell.html
DatePublished: August 15, 2015 at 12:02
Tag : Did You Know History Berlin Wall fell.
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