Those who have the Rh factor on the surface of red blood cells called Rh-positive blood type.
For Indonesia, people who have Rh negative is only 0.01 percent of the total population. It is difficult for donors to people with Rh negative.
Negative Rh factor describes the shortage of protein in red blood cells. While positive Rh has enough protein. If blood type is generally passed down from parents to their children,
The owner Rh negative blood should not be transfused with Rh positive. If the two types of blood group met, certainly occur '' war 'between the two.
The body's defense system receptor (recipient) will assume Rh from donors as' 'foreign object' that needs to be combated as a virus or bacteria. As a form of resistance, the body's receptors will produce anti-Rh.
When the first transfusion, anti-Rh levels are still not high enough so that the relative did not cause serious problems. But when a second transfusion, anti-Rh reach levels high enough.
Anti-Rh will attack and break down red blood cells from a donor. This condition not only causes blood transfusion unattainable goal, but aggravate the condition of the receptor itself. Kidneys have to work hard remove residual breakdown of red blood cells it.
That's why owners may not receive a negative Rh Rh-positive blood donor ABO system even by the same faction. This rule still applies even if the donor is a close relative or even his own flesh and blood.
Rh affairs is not only important during the process of blood transfusion. These factors also need to know the expectant mother. Especially if he air-Rh negative, while the air-Rh-positive husband. This problem usually occurs in marriage between nations.
Genetically, dominant against Rh positive Rh negative. Children from different pairs 50-100% Rh has the possibility of air-Rh positive. Air-Rh negative possibility is only 0-50%. That is, the more likely the child is Rh different from the mother.
If not handled properly, the differences between infants with maternal Rh is going to cause problems. Through the placenta, the baby will be Rh blood get into the mother's bloodstream.
This causes the mother's body to produce an anti-Rh. Through the placenta, too, anti-Rh will counterattack into the baby's bloodstream. Red blood cells of the baby will be destroyed.
In the first pregnancy, anti-Rh may only cause a baby is born yellow (because of the breakdown of red blood cells produce bilirubin causes yellowing of the skin).
But in the second pregnancy, the problem can be fatal if the second child is also Rh positive. At that time, the levels of maternal anti-Rh is so high that the damage to the baby's red blood cells are also great. This can cause the fetus miscarried.
If before the pregnant mother already know the Rh blood, miscarriage problems can be avoided.
After the first child and during a subsequent pregnancy, the doctor will give you a special medicine to counteract the anti-Rh blood of the mother. With this therapy, the child can still be saved.
Rhesus Blood & problem.
Blood is the fluid in all living organisms (except plants) that serves to send a high-level substances and oxygen needed by the body tissue to transport chemicals products of metabolism, as well as the body's defense against viruses or bacteria.Human blood components consists of two major parts, namely :
1. Blood Plasma.
Blood plasma is the liquid where blood cells are rich in protein, albumin, blood clotting materials, hormones, salt, and immunoglobulin.
2. Blood Cells.
• Red blood cells or erythrocytes (about 99%)
Erythrocytes have no nucleus, containing hemoglobin (Hb), the oxygen circulate and function. Red blood cells also play a role in determining blood groups. People who lack erythrocytes will suffer anemia.
• Platelets, or thrombocytes (0.6 to 1.0%)
Platelets are responsible for blood clotting process.
• White blood cells or leukocytes (0.2%)
Leukocytes responsible for the body's immune system and assigned destroy objects that are considered alien and dangerous by the body, such as viruses or bacteria. Leukocytes are amuboid or do not have a fixed shape. The excess number of leukocytes will suffer leukemia, while the people who will suffer from a shortage of leukocytes leukopenia.
BLOOD GROUP.
Blood type is the classification of the blood of an individual based on the presence or heritage antigen substance on the surface of red blood cell membranes. This is caused by the different types of carbohydrates and proteins on the surface of the red blood cell membrane.Large blood classification system known is the ABO system (blood group A, B, AB, and O) and Rhesus blood classification system (Rh + and Rh-).
In this world is actually known about 46 kinds of antigens other than ABO and Rh antigens, only more rare. In the process of blood transfusion should be properly addressed because of blood group incompatibility blood group of the recipient with the donor can cause transfusion reactions resulting immunological hemolytic anemia, renal failure, shock, and death for the recipient.
Human blood type is determined by the type of antigen and antibodies contained in blood, as follows :
• Individuals with type A blood have red blood cells with antigen A on the cell membrane surface and produce antibodies against the B antigen in blood serum.• Individuals with blood type B has the B antigen on the surface of red blood cells and produce antibodies against the antigen in the blood serum.
• Individuals with blood type AB have red blood cells with antigens A and B and does not produce antibodies, both antigen A and B.
• Individuals with blood type O have blood cells without the antigen, but produce antibodies against antigens A and B.
Rhesus.
Rhesus is a system of classification of blood based on the presence or absence of the D antigen on the surface of red blood cells, the other name is Rhesus factor or Rh factor. The name is derived from Rhesus monkey species are known to have this factor in 1940 by Karl Landsteiner.Someone who does not have the Rh factor on the surface of red blood cells have a blood type Rh (Rhesus Negative). Those who have the Rh factor on the surface of red blood cells called Rh + blood group (Rhesus positive).
Type of classification is often combined with classification ABO by adding a "+" for the owner of a factor Rhesus or "-" for those who do not have a factor Rhesus in his blood so that we know the blood group A + or A-, B + or B-, AB + or AB-, and O + or O-.
85 percent of the world's population has a Rhesus factors (Rh +) in their blood, while 15% do not have the Rhesus factor (Rh) in the blood.
According to BPS data in 2010 the population of Indonesia, which has a negative Rhesus (Rh) is <1% spread across Indonesia. In Aceh alone, based on data from the Community Rhesus Negative Indonesia in 2012, the amount of blood the owner of Rhesus negative (Rh-) only 51 people, which is 0.001% of the population of Aceh or 1: 100,000. We can imagine how rare and difficult to find people with blood type Rh.
Given the scarcity of blood owner Rhesus negative (Rh-), the Rhesus factor becomes especially important on
1. Blood Transfusion.
In the process of blood transfusion, blood owner Rhesus negative (Rh-) are always difficulties in the process of fulfilling the needs of blood because of the number of active donors negative Rhesus (Rh) is not much. This is a problem for the owner of Rhesus negative blood (Rh) because of the blood of Rhesus negative (Rh) must receive blood Rhesus negative (Rh-) again.Blood Rhesus negative (Rh) can be transfused the blood of Rhesus positive (Rh +) if the cross check (crossmatch) fits, while blood is Rhesus positive (Rh +) can not be transfused the blood of Rhesus negative (Rh-) although fit in a test cross (crossmatch ) because of the blood in the body of the owner of Rhesus negative (Rh-) would soon be formed anti-Rh + antibodies that cause blood Rhesus negative (Rh-) it can no longer be used for transfusions to Rhesus negative (Rh-) else.
2. Female Rhesus negative (Rh-) pregnancy with fetal Rhesus positive (Rh +).
If a woman is Rhesus negative (Rh-) married to a man who has Rhesus positive (Rh +), almost 100% of the offspring will have a Rhesus positive (Rh +). The existence of fetuses with Rh positive (Rh +) in the body of a pregnant woman Rhesus negative (Rh), especially those that already have anti-Rh + antibodies in the blood will lead to incompatibility Rhesus were fatal to the fetus.Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://www.primadonablog.blogspot.com/2016/01/about-rhesus-rh.html
Published Date: January 11, 2016 at 17:03
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW
