www.Primo.com: Did You Know Human Circulatory System.

On learning of Biology we will learn about the human circulatory system is also closely related to our digestion.

Some description of the circulatory system are :

Fluid Blood (Blood Plasma).

Consists of:
water (90-92)%
solutes (nutrients, mineral salts, enzymes, hormones, residual substances, plasma proteins, serum plasma)

Plasma protein consists of :

a. Albumin
Serves to maintain the osmotic pressure of blood
b. Globulin
Serves to form the prothrombin and antibodies (blood serum)
c. Fibrinogen
Function to freeze the blood

Blood serum :

Blood serum globulin compound built by, comprising :

a. Agglutinin
Serves to agglomerate foreign protein (antigen = aglutinogen)
b. Precipitins
Serves to precipitate antigen
c. Antitoksi
Serves to destroy or break the antigen
d. Opsonin
Serves to intensify the nature of the phagocytic leukocytes

Blood type

Blood type was discovered by the Immunology Dr. Landsteiner and Donath.
Human blood groups are grouped on four kinds (known as the ABO system) based on differences in antigen (aglutinogen) and antibodies (agglutinins), namely:
1. Blood type A
In erythrocytes containing aglutinogen A and the plasma contains agglutinins b
2. Blood type B
Aglutinogen B contained in erythrocytes and plasma agglutinins contained a
3. Blood type AB
In erythrocytes contained aglutinogen A and B, the plasma is not contained agglutinins
4. Blood type O
In erythrocytes is not contained aglutinogen, the plasma is contained agglutinins a and b.

Mechanism of Blood Transfusion

In the process of blood transfusion, some terms related to blood transfusion process as follows :

1. Transfusion = process of moving blood castings
2. Donor = person who gives blood a number of others in need
3. Recipients = person who receives a number of blood from another person
4. Donor Universal = blood type that can give some blood to others. Blood group in question is O
5. Recipients of Universal = blood type can receive blood from a number of other blood group. Blood type AB question is
6. Serum = plasma without fibrinogen
7. antigen = aglutinogen a foreign protein to be coagulated by the antibody / agglutinin
8. Detection = plasma protein antigens that can agglomerate / agglutinin
9. agglutination = blood clots due to a mismatch between the type of aglutinogen donor to recipient agglutinin
based on the chart clearly shows that the blood type O is a universal donor and blood group AB is a universal recipient.
On the implementation of blood transfusion is important to note is the donor, must be considered the type aglutinogennya, while the recipient is the kind aglutininnya.

In 1940, Lansteiner find other types of blood classification is Rhesus system. Based on the investigation to distinguish blood type A into two kinds:
1. Blood type A is the positive rhesus factor (Rh +)
2. Blood type A is not the rhesus factor (Rh -).
Most blacks and brown had blood with rhesus +, while the majority of the white race ber rhesus -

The function of blood classification :

1. It is important for the process of blood transfusion
2. It is important for the investigation of blood groups
Blood circulation
Body fluids circulated through the blood vessels and lymph vessels.

Blood circulation tools consist of :

a. cardiac (heart / cor)
b. Blood vessels (veins / vein and arteries / veins pulse.
c. capillaries / small blood vessels (arterioles and venules)

HEART

1. The walls consist of three layers, namely :

Pericardium, a membrane wrapper heart
Myocardium, the heart muscle is a
Endocardium, the membrane lining the heart room

2. The room heart :

The heart has four heart room, namely:
a. 2 foyer (atrium) that sinister atrium / left atrium and dekster / right
b. 2 chambers (ventricles) that vebtrikel sinister / left and ventricular dekster / right
Wall chamber (ventricle) of the heart is thicker than the wall of the foyer (atrium).
The walls of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall of the booth kana

3. The heart valve.

Between the heart chambers are connected by a valve or heart valves such as :

1. valvula = tricuspid heart valve leaved three located between the right atrium to the right ventricle

2. Valvula bicuspidalis = leaved two heart valve, located between the left atrium to the left ventricle
Tendinae heart also has a cord that cardiac veins that keep the valve (valve)
heart got food and O2 of the pulse canopy (coronary artery)
coronary heart disease due to coronary artery tersumbatnyanya
Heart muscle including involuntary muscle work beyond the control of the coordination system.

3. cardiac nerve
S.A nodes (Nodes bang into Purkinje fibers
arterio sinus) is also called nodes keith - flack, the nerve fibers found on the wall of the right atrium near muaravena cava superior and inferior vena cava.
These nerve fibers is a branch of involuntary nervous system and also affected the vagus nerve (the nerve 10th)
AV node (node atrial ventricular) node also called Tawara, located on the border between the porch (atrium) and the chambers (ventricles)
His file, contained in the septum between the chambers that branches into Purkinje fibers
excitatory flow mechanism so that the heart beats are:
stimulus -> node S. A -> His File -> Purkinje fibers -> Contraction chambers (ventricles)

4. The pressure / heart rate
Relating to furl and the expansion of the heart, known as 2 kinds of blood pressure, namely:
a. Sistole
Events furl his chambers and blood out of the heart (heart contraction). In the normal person his pressure about 120 mm Hg
b. Diastole directions
Events of the expansion chambers of the heart and blood into the heart (cardiac relaxation), at the normal pressure is about 80 mm Hg
Instrument for measuring blood pressure is sphigmomanometer

BLOOD VESSEL

Various kinds of blood vessels:

1. The arteries (blood vessels pulse), the blood vessels that carry blood out of the heart.
Consists of:
a. Pulmonary artery
An artery that carries blood to the lungs
b. Aorta
A large blood vessel that carries blood to the entire body
At the base of the aorta are crescent-shaped valve (Valvula semilunaris) that serves to maintain blood flow to remain unidirectional.

2. Veins (veins), the blood vessels that carry blood to the heart.
a. Pulmonary veins
ie the blood vessels that carry blood from the lungs to the heart
b. Vena cava inferior
blood vessel that carries blood from the lower body to the heart.
Superior vena cava
Ie the blood vessels that carry blood from the upper body to the heart.

3. capillaries
Small blood vessels, which is directly related to the body's tissues. Capillary there is a relationship between the arteries with veins.
Capillary blood vessels are composed of a single layer of a single layer of flat cells.
All body tissues in direct contact with blood capillaries, so that the process becomes more efficient exchange.
Exchange material in the capillary blood vessels to the cells occurs through a diffusion mechanism, and active transport system.
Blood flow in the capillaries more slowly allowing the exchange process becomes more effective
a. Venules
Capillary blood vessels of the vein
b. Arteriole
Capillary blood vessels of the arterial
Closed circulatory
Blood circulation occurs where blood flows only through the blood vessels, without ever directly penetrate the cells or tissue.
Double blood circulation
Human circulatory system is called a double circulatory system, because once the blood circulates through the heart twice.

The circulatory system is divided into :

1. The circulatory system is small (pulmonary circulatory system)
A circulatory system that carries blood from the heart to the lungs back to the heart. At these events occurred gas diffusion in the lung, which converts blood contains a lot of heart into O2 CO2 after coming out of the lungs.
Mechanisms of blood flow as follows:
The right ventricle of the heart -> pulmonary artery -> lung -> pulmonary veins -> left atrium of heart
2. The circulatory system is large (systemic blood circulation)
a circulatory system that carries blood that carries blood from the heart throughout the body. Blood out of the heart contains a lot of oxygen.
mechanisms of blood flow as follows:
Left ventricle -> aorta -> artery superior and inferior -> cells / tissues of the body -> inferior and superior vena cava -> right atrium of the heart
3. The portal circulatory system
Circulatory system leading to digestive tools to the liver, before returning to the heart. portal vein brown because it contains a lot of nutrients.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/08/did-you-know-human-circulatory-system.html
DatePublished: August 3, 2015 at 15:12