Room for the River.
Now the Netherlands is planning to focus more on land cultivation system than maintaining the levee system of ancient and modern cement dam, known as the Zuiderzee his project to withstand waves of sea water. Reclaimed marshes will be able to break the tidal wave. The idea of a natural water buffer votes will be able to withstand rising sea levels compared to elevate the existing flood embankments. In addition to the threat of rising sea levels, rising major river surface water becomes a very important thing to be considered. One of the flood prevention program that has been started is the Room for the River, namely in the form of the expansion of non-building areas around major rivers as a form of mitigation to the surrounding population. In 2006, several ministries in the Netherlands (Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management, Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment, Agriculture, Nature Management and Quality Flood) together make a plan called the Spatial Planning Key Decision Room for the River (SPKD ) (Planologische Kernbeslissing voor de Rivier ruimte) to handle the program Room for the River.The purpose of the PRSP is expanding the space for the river and lower the water level of the river through several methods, including deepening the river, replacing the embankment to be made concave ground (deepened), reducing barriers (hydraulic structures are rigid / hard) in the river which impede the flow of water, and expand the land in around the river during the summer. Several states passed the Rhine and Meuse also work together, one of which is Germany. The program is expected to lower the water level of the river by 70 centimeters by 2020.
Moreover, in IJkdijk, near Groningen also been installed sensors to predict when and how the dike will collapse. The program reportedly cost up to around 100 billion euros, or about 1.4 trillion rupiah. It is not excessive considering the Netherlands ever hit by devastating floods in 1953 that killed more than 1800 people and eliminate the two villages from the map.
If the Japanese citizens have been trained since childhood to protect themselves through simulated earthquake, in the Netherlands too, but of course in the context of flood disaster because if the water pumping station network fails a week, the whole country will be submerged in water up to one meter. Children in the Netherlands are taught to swim for 5 years from the age of 4 years. To be able to pass the exam and get a diploma, they must pass a test which of them holding their breath under water for half a minute, through the obstacles, and then swim 100 meters by using a complete winter clothing.
Tulip Island Plan.
Dutch plan to build Tulip Island on the waterfront overlooking the North Sea. The concept is similar to the island of Palm Island in Dubai are made using about 100 million cubic meters of sand is one of the designer is a Dutch contractor Van Oord. Tulip Island development plan is not without reason, but because some of the considerations are :To fortify the region of the northern coastline of tidal currents.
To cope with overcrowding.
To increase agricultural production.
To provide opportunities for Dutch companies engaged in the management of water and soil in order to grow and thrive by responding to the global demand related to global warming is happening right now.
Tulip-shaped island is designed with a length of 50 kilometers and a spacious 48.6 thousand to 101.2 thousand hectares in offshore Randstad is the area surrounding Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht, which is classified as a densely populated area. The island can be used for residential land, agriculture, nature reserve area and wildlife.
The population density in the Netherlands has increased the demand for housing land has contributed to rising land prices and the reduction of agricultural land. In fact, the Netherlands is the country's largest agricultural exporter in the world. Recorded a population of 16 million with an area of 41 526 square kilometers so the population density reaches 385 inhabitants per square kilometer in 2007. If the island is built area of 100 thousand hectares of area, is expected to generate money worth 10 billion euros (US $ 14.69 billion) which is sufficient to restore the initial capital of making the island.
The party that controls the parliament initiate this island shaped Tulip, instead of windmills or clogs (wooden shoes typical Dutch) because the Netherlands is identical with Tulip and later the island is expected to promote tourism in the Netherlands as well.
This plan still raises the pros and cons among environmental activists and other MPs. However, the government is optimistic about the feasibility of investment in the construction of this island because so far it has proven Dutch pioneer in the treatment of water and land management projects. The United States also sought the help of the Netherlands for the management of water after flooding hit New Orleans in 2005. In addition, Dutch companies have become a major pioneer in the development of coastal areas around the world.
Development with Floating System.
Project construction of houses and apartments float (floating) in the Netherlands is increasingly becoming a trend. It is also a form of adaptation to the environment Dutch society. All of the building and the building is designed to be able to go up and down to adjust the water level. We can see some examples of projects that have been and will be carried out by one of the famous Dutch architecture firm, Waterstudio, based in Rijswijk who designed the building structure floats in various countries in the world. Waterstudio is a pioneer company in the field of architecture and design, urban planning and economics, as well as innovations and concepts. Other major companies in the Netherlands that specializes in water management, among others, Deltares, Fugro, and ARCADIS.a. Architecture and Design.
Waterstudio design all the buildings in order to rise and fall with the water level. Projects that have been realized since mid-2008 and include some Watervillas while the apartments will be realized by the end of 2010. Some examples Watervillas and apartments designed by Waterstudio.
Watervilla Kortenhoef, The Netherlands, realization: May 2008
Watervilla IJburg 2, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, realization November 2008
Floating 2056_bam apartmentcomplex Amsterdam, the Netherlands
The Citadel
b. Planning and Economics.
The construction of the building and the building can not be separated from the surrounding area planning, economic regions, public space, and social aspects. Urban planning and economic analysis of regional planning combines the possibility of implementation (feasibility) assessed on the basis of economic calculation, market analysis, physical and environmental aspects, social, institutional and financing, population, as well as its position in the surrounding area (external aspect). Here are some of the city planning and economic projects handled by Waterstudio.New Water, Naaldwijk.
New Water is a water management project to maintain the water level in an area of 70 hectares which will become the standard for the development of water management in the Netherlands and is planned to be able to accommodate approximately 1200 homes, recreational facilities, and ecological zone. The first project is the construction of an apartment complex The Citadel (see picture above). Construction began in 2009.Apartmentcomplex, Woubrugge, the Netherlands
Boat House apartment complex (Boathouse) is starting to be built since 2007. The complex consists of two groups, each consisting of three buildings and each building consisting of two to four apartments.Urban design for 'Torenpad Parklaan', Boskoop, The Netherlands
This project is the construction of a massive re-with retaining existing polder structure using innovative housing concept - in rural north central region of Boskoop, Netherlands, so it can accommodate up to 1,500 homes.
c. Innovation and Concept
Dutch technology used to hold water to the surface is no longer sufficient or less appropriate to the natural conditions in the present linked to global warming. Therefore the development of innovation in the Netherlands will focus on building that can adapt to water. Waterstudio using four concepts in designing buildings that can adapt to the water are:lifted: terraced houses / rooms are piled
Waterproof: Waterproof concept
sealed: insulated / waterproof
floating: houses that float on the water
Several projects related to the development of innovation and the concept of Waterstudio.
Study Living on Water
These homes are in the water half and the other half are on the surface of the water and can survive / safe to fluctuations in the water rise as high as 20 centimeters. The building is covered with wood and can access a view of the outside through large glass in several sides.floating Cruiseterminal
The cruise ship terminal can accommodate up to three biggest cruise ship in the world to come together. Terminal part raised is the entrance to the inner harbor for vessels smaller and the water taxi to the mainland. The inside of the terminal has an area of 165,000 square meters that can be used to trade center, conferences, theaters, hotels, and others.Actually, the Netherlands is not only prone to flooding, but also prone to water shortages land, sea water intrusion and pollution. However, the Netherlands already has a strategy to be able to adapt to these conditions, namely through the delta technology and water technology.
Technology Delta (Delta Technology) image
The technology is supported by the government and private companies is intended to ensure the safety of the Netherlands to continue to live in an area that is under the sea level in the future. Additionally, this technology is also prepared to improve the position of the Dutch water sector in the international market. Basically, this technology focuses on the safety of the water with an increase in risk management techniques. The three references that are applied in this delta technology are:Trends in Innovation: protection against flooding intelligent and sustainable.
Living in a Delta: development area overlooking the water.
Challenging Delta dilemmas Worldwide: reduce risk and avoid disaster.
Water Technology (Water Technology)
Dutch drain water to taps houses with good quality and potable groundwater with raw material (ground water, 60%) and surface water (surface water, 40%) as the water of the river Rhine and Maas. Based on data from the Association of Water Companies in the Netherlands (VEWIN), in 2007 the production of drinking water in the Netherlands reached 1.138 million cubic meters with a total transport infrastructure network and drinking water supplies throughout the country reached 115,000 kilometers, the amount is enough to supply high-quality drinking water to to the outposts of the country. Water provided the Dutch government the same quality (not chlorinated, biologically stable and safe to drink straight) for any activity. This is due to the cost of production which is used to separate potable water and unfit to drink more expensive compared to not separate them.Conform Against Nature.
Of some programs and the technology we can conclude that the Netherlands is actually already preparing themselves to face the challenges of climate change is happening today with innovations in water and soil management. Zuiderzee project and river embankments were already becoming obsolete because they are no longer sufficient to deal with climate change and weather are increasingly uncertain. The country is now more focused on innovation to adapt to nature than limiting ourselves from nature through forts and embankments to prevent sea water and rivers magnitude. Learning to live with water is a strategy that is chosen with consideration of higher risk management. Room for the River and the design of buildings and floating buildings continue to be developed with more sophisticated concepts. Continuous innovation developed this makes the Netherlands is the country with the ability of water management and land the best in the world so that the Netherlands is almost always involved in a variety of major projects related to water and land management in many countries, including Indonesia.Jakarta is also actually an area which lies in the delta formed by the 13 rivers that are categorized as medium-sized river, which is always trying to avoid the floods that hit every rainy season. If there is a rise in sea level, it is highly vulnerable to massive flooding. Jakarta involves one Dutch company, Witteveen + Bos, in water management, which has been involved for more than 20 years. And flood prevention methods such as in the Dutch polder land has been attempted applied in Jakarta. For example, the reclamation project a massive expansion in the north coast of the island of Java, which involves 6000 hectares area for the expansion of urban areas.
In addition, the construction of waterfront development based in Jakarta also now become more frequent, either residential or apartment that supposedly landed concepts used in its construction also mimic the concept of technology in the Dutch polder land. However, if the concept is suitable for application in Jakarta?
The northern area of Jakarta that has now become a very solid woke formerly mostly swamp that serves as a water catchment area. Floods hit Jakarta now often be consequences, one of which caused by the swamp land use change. Even now mangroves had already sacrificed. If we look at the concept of the current Dutch innovation which tends to adjust to nature than 'manipulate' nature, the development may in fact no longer relevant to current conditions. The Netherlands is planning to re-marsh-swamp reclamation and restore the natural condition of the physical and the environment because it is considered more appropriate method both for current and future. If the Dutch had started to abandon the concept of duration (polder land and its banks), why do we even persistently built by mimicking the old concept? Nature already has its own balance system which if changed would most likely lead to disaster. Closure forests, swamps, rivers, bend or straighten the river, and so may not be the right solution for building a cultivation area (residential areas, industrial, production forests, community forests, agriculture, fisheries, mining, tourism, places of worship, education , and defense and security), although it is theoretically possible. But there are many other technologies 'can adapt to nature' that can be implemented that is certainly much better, for example, the concept of delta technology applied Netherlands.
Not the technology development with the necessary polder land in Jakarta, but the green open spaces that can reasonably absorb rainwater and prevent flooding. Currently reportedly Green Open Space (RTH) in Jakarta only a 9.7 per cent from 30 per cent of the required minimum area of green space in the Spatial Planning Law No.26 / 2007. Jakarta area is already too much used for roads, residential, commercial areas, and skyscraper buildings that will require a lot of ground water sources, while the mangrove forests to urban forest continues to be built. This phenomenon causes drought in the dry season and floods in the rainy season. Jakarta city can not be equated with the cities in the Netherlands which is basically its territory is below sea level, which requires technology polder land. It would be much better if the natural function of the environment is returned as usual, as the plan will also be implemented in the Netherlands. The key is integration between town planning and ecological balance. Flood with a better way, for example with delta technology, also need to be considered through a more comprehensive water management. Dutch delta technology applied even been applied in various countries in the world such as USA, Germany, UK, etc. This technology will provide an overview of integrated flood management that are environmentally friendly, beautiful scenery around the river, and also the barrier (barrier) as a form of flood protection with high-tech systems with a special sensor which can provide important information related to the security of the region from floods.
This does not mean waterfront development can not be applied in Jakarta, but its land was to be considered, whether the designation is based on detailed spatial plan for the city that has been set to land in the spatial plan should be made based on the physical aspects of environmental characteristics, economic, social, and external regions. If it does not fit, the construction would be better if transferred to other areas or outside of Java and it could be a good first step in the framework of the distribution of development between Java and outside Java.
We can not dwell continually in flood management and development issues that are not in place while the bigger disaster has begun to threaten, namely the rise in sea levels due to global warming. Indonesia is expected to lose about 2,000 islands by 2030 if no serious precaution against global warming is happening. We should soon be able to handle this flood problems while preparing a precaution against global warming. With the source of groundwater and surface water in abundance without the threat of sea water intrusion should we be able to manage water better. Never too late to learn. We may soon learn from the Dutch reliability in the management of water and soil. They even have prepared a wide range of programs and technology since many years ago in anticipation of global warming. In addition, the Netherlands has also received recognition from various countries as the country with the best water management capabilities in the world.
"The Netherlands is the worlds's leader in a comprehensive flood protection, incorporating landuse planning, highly developed technologies and engineering practices, and extensive public education efforts" (Sen. Mary Landrieu, Louisiana, United States Senate about coastal Louisiana that was decimated by a failure of flood protection as a result of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005 and her appreciation of the instructive relationship with the Netherlands (August 27, 2008))
One way to 'sit' water management in the Netherlands is the country study at the windmill. Dutch architect and planner has been known for the quality of a good ability throughout the world. In addition, many scholarship opportunities to study in the Netherlands. For courses of architecture and urban planning for example, there are several scholarship opportunities offered include:
Berlage Institute Scholarship
Erasmus Mundus program
Eric Bleumink Fund students
European Masters Fellowship
HSP Huygens Programme
Japan / World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program
Maastricht University High Potential Scholarship
NFP Fellowships for Master's Degree Programmes
Rotary Foundation
StuNed Scholarship Programme
UAF
WebsterUniversity "Gateway" (Under) Graduate Studies
We can search for the type of scholarship in the Netherlands based on the program of study, level of education, and purpose (research or study) on the site:
http://www.grantfinder.nl/content/index.asp
to study in the Netherlands information can be obtained at the following website:
http://www.nuffic.nl/international-students/study-options
http://www.nesoindonesia.or.id/
and to know the life of Indonesian students in the Netherlands can be found at the following sites:
http://ppibelanda.org/index.php?option=com_weblinks&Itemid=30
http://majalah.ppibelanda.org/
By learning and hands-on look at the technology applied by the Netherlands, we should be able to practice also in our country Indonesia with choosing the right technology to be applied, because we all would want this country became an independent state, advanced, safe, comfortable, prosperous, and such prosperous nations more advanced. We also certainly be proud if our nation's achievements have been recognized by the international community and become a mainstay of other nations with the technology we have.
"You have to learn the rules of the game. And then you have to play better than anyone else. "(Albert Einstein).
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://www.primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/12/dutch-buildings.html
DatePublished: December 9, 2014 at 13:45
Tag : Dutch buildings.
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