Through bioconversion, organic waste such as feces, domestic rubbish and waste
agriculture can be converted into bioenergy. Bioenergy is a complex gas
consisting of methane, carbon dioxide, acid sulfide, and other gases.
This involves the bioconversion of organic waste fermentation process. Bioconversion process such a process also known as Anaerobic Digestion. Bioconversion process also naturally occurring in nature, ie, the formation of marsh gas or as animal byproducts of digestion, particularly ruminant animals.
Swamp gas actually a methane gas formed from materials organic crops through plant decomposition by bacteria. Furthermore, the gas is removed from the swamp and under certain conditions can ignite spontaneously.
This gas is an important fuel economy that can be used as a substitute for fuel oil, but because the plants are decomposed naturally limited in number, it is necessary to look for raw materials and technology successor.
Gas formation in ruminants occurs in the stomach and held in conjunction with the process of digestion. In the stomach, materials that have cellulose from grasses or other materials into ruminant diet with the addition of water is converted into acid
organic. These organic acids are further decomposed into methane gas and anaerobic carbon dioxide. It is estimated that about 75 tons a surprise methane released by the animals ruminants annually.
The process of anaerobic methane-making involves a complex interaction of
a number of different bacteria, protozoa and fungi. Some bacteria are
involved are Bacteroides, Clostridium butyrinum, Escericia coli and some
other intestinal bacteria, Methanobacterium, and Methanobacillus.
Two bacterial last is the main bacteria and methane-producing anaerobic life.
The process of making methane is divided into three stages, namely ;
1. Enzymatic hydrolysis, organic materials become insoluble ingredients organic soluble. The main enzymes involved are disjoint cellulase cellulose.2. Changes in organic materials can be dissolved into organic acids.
The formation of organic acids is the case with the help of non-bacterial
methanogenik, protozoa and fungi.
3. Changes in organic acids into methane and carbon dioxide. Process these changes may occur due to the help of methanogenic bacteria
(Methanobacterium and Methanobacillus). Overall reaction to changes in organic materials into methane gas and carbon dioxide can be written by the following equation:
(C6 H10 O5) n + n H2O ------ 3n 3n CO2 + CH4
The above equation applies when the substrate is cellulose. For
substrate in the form of complex organic compounds, such as lignin and tannins and aromatic compounds other polymers, the formation of methane gas through the reaction does not as above. Substrate in the form of a more simple aromatic compounds through aerobic activity of extracellular enzymes produced by a number of microorganisms.
Simple aromatic compounds is generally Benzenoid.
Furthermore, the benzenoid compounds through bacterial activity metaorganik, such as Methanobacterium formicum and Methanospirilum hungati, changed anaerobic seca into methane and carbon dioxide. This process occurs through the stages of change reaction as follows:
4 C6H5 COOH + 24 H 2 O 12 ------ HCOOH CH3COOH + 4 + 8 H2
CH3COOH ------ 12 12 12 CH4 + CO2
4 COOH ------ 4 CO2 + H2
3 CO2 + H2 ------ 12 3 CH4 + 6 H2O
In brief, the overall reaction above can be simplified to:
4 C6H5 COOH + 18 H 2 O ------ 15 CH4 + CO2
TOOLS AND MATERIALS.
TOOLS:
1. Drum volume 200 liters2. Drum volume 120 liters
3. A piece of pipe with a diameter of 10 cm 2 cm
4. Slang for gas distributor
5. Faucet gas distributor
6. Bucket
7. 5-liter jerry can
8. Hammer
9. Sculpture.
MATERIALS:
1. Cow dung, buffalo, poultry or other animals2. Crops or waste and other organic waste
3. Water
HOW TO WORK.
MAKE OR STARTER GENERATOR.
1. Combine 2 liters of cow dung and two liters of water into the bucket, stirup evenly
2. Add the mixture to the chopped grass to taste and stir back up evenly
3. Put mixture ingredients earlier in jerry volume 5 liter. Let the jerry can open
4. Keep jerry cans which have contained a mixture of materials was the
a safe and secure place for 2 months.
5. During storage, do lawyer-shocks on the jerrycan as much as 3 or 4 times a week starter biogas.
PREPARING WASTES TO BE USED.
1. Collect manure or other farm animals2. Collect organic materials such as agricultural waste, waste market, animal waste, or other organic wastes.
3. When organic materials that will be used has dried, crushed first by chopping until smooth.
4. When organic materials that will be used is still wet (still fresh), did laceration to facilitate decomposition, then keep it in the open for about 10 days in order to experience decay.
PUTTING IN THE WASTE BIOGAS.
1. Put 3 buckets of organic materials that have been prepared on together with 3 buckets of water into the drum volume of 200 liter, then stir until evenly distributed.2. Do the same up to a volume of about 2/3 the volume of the drums
Up to as high as 200 liters or 120 liters drum volume.
3. Put the prepared starter over into the 200-liter drums have filled organic ingredients, then stir until evenly distributed.
4. Put the drum volume of 120 liters with the faucet in a state opens.
Press the small drum to reach the bottom of the drum major.
There should be no air in the small drum.
5. If the surface of the drum volume of 120 liters is not set, remove
The drum back and add back organic materials and water into a 200-liter drum up sufficient volume to immerse the drum volume of 120 liters.
6. When it is believed that the drum volume of 120 liters immersed entirely
in a mixture of organic materials contained in the drum volume of 200 liters and the inside of the drum volume of 120 liters has been filled with organic ingredients, close the taps were found in
120 liter drum volume earlier (see figure).
7. Let the drums last for 3-4 weeks. During this time the process
fermentation will take place and the resulting gas will be trapped in a volume of 120 liters drums. This gas will cause the drum volume of 120 liters pushed upwards.
8. While waiting for the fermentation process takes place, check to see if there
gas leak from the drum volume of 120 liters. If leakage immediately the patched with paint or asphalt. To find a leak can be done by wetting the surface of the drum volume of 120 liters of soapy water. Leakage will be seen in the presence of froth on the leaking area.
9. Once known volume of 120 liter drums containing gas, check the gas is to
ensure that the gas is a gas formed can be used for fuel. Checks can be made by
open the faucet and igniting the gas pipelines.
Note:
1. The time required to produce gas about 3-4 weeks, after whichgas will be produced in abundance continuously for 8 weeks. During this 8-week,
half of the total gas produced was formed in 2-3 weeks first, the rest formed in 5-6 weeks.
2. After 8 weeks passed, the gas will not be a lot of form, then the unit biogas can be emptied again and the content can be used as a starter next to biogas production.
3. In making cow dung used starter still sought new (warm).
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/02/did-you-know-biogas-production-method.html
DatePublished: February 27, 2014 at 18:21
7MHPNPADAEFWTag : Did you know Biogas Production Method.
Thank You for sharing information on Biogas production
ReplyDelete