Khmer Rouge.

CAMBODIA or Cambodia is a country in Southeast Asia that originally shaped the Kingdom under the rule of the Khmer dynasty in Indo-China Peninsula between the 11th Century and 14th Century. Cambodian people usually known as Cambodian or Khmer, which refers to the ethnic Khmer in the country. ASEAN member countries are famous for Angkor Wat pagoda is bordered by Thailand, Laos and Vietnam. Most Cambodians are Buddhist Theravada, hereditary embraced by ethnic Khmer. However, the majority of its citizens who are Muslims there is also a descendant of the Muslim Cham.
Cambodia took the world when the radical communist Khmer Rouge under Pol Pot's rule in 1975. At that time, Cambodia's Pol Pot proclaimed as a new state. He called 1975 as the "Year Zero". Everything was to be built from ground zero. Dated 17 April 1975 stated as Liberation Day (Liberation Day) of the Lon Nol regime was bad and corrupt. Apparently, the release of Pol Pot promised it was the beginning of a period of darkness for the people of Cambodia.

Independence from France. 

On November 9, 1953, ending the French occupation of Cambodia which has been ongoing since 1863 and Cambodia also became a sovereign state. A year later the former leaders of the Indo-China region, King Norodom Sihanouk, returned from exile in Thailand. Sihanouk then formed political parties and hold elections (elections). After winning the election he managed to repel the communists and get all the seats of government.
In 1955, to escape from any form of prohibition is made to the king by the laws of Cambodia, Norodom Sihanouk returns to the throne of his father, Norodom Suramarit. He then entered politics. During the election in a row, in the year 1955.1958, 1962 and 1966, the party formed Norodom Sihanouk has always won the majority of seats in parliament.
In March 1969, U.S. aircraft began bombing Cambodia to trace and block the infiltration of Vietcong soldiers. The bombing ended until 1973.
In 1970, while Sihanouk was in Moscow on a state visit, Marshal Lon Nol staged a coup in Phnom Penh. Lon Nol and delete forms and declare the kingdom of Cambodia as a republic. Sihanouk did not return to his country and chose to settle in Peking, China. He led the government on the run and the Khmer Rouge are part of the government.

Khmer Rouge. 

Khmer Rouge (French: Khmer Rouge) is the military branch of the Communist Party of Kampuchea (Cambodia name at that time). In the 1960s and 1970s, the Khmer Rouge guerrilla war against the regime of Marshal Lon Nol and Shihanouk. On 17 April 1975, the Khmer Rouge led by Pol Pot overthrew the power and become the leader of Cambodia.
In just a few days, the new regime has executed a large number of Cambodians who had joined the Lon Nol regime. Phnom Phen residents and residents of other provinces were forced out of the city and moved to the shelter areas. Phnom Penh becomes a ghost town. The economy of the whole country change under the hard-line communist, Money disappeared from circulation. The consequences include famine and plague in the area.
Over the next 44 months, millions of Cambodians are victims of terror of the Khmer Rouge. The refugees who managed to escape to Thailand atrocities these groups include children put to death simply because they were not born into a family of farmers. Besides the Vietnamese and Chinese descent were also terrorized and killed. Anyone suspected of being an educated person, or be a member of a merchant family, was killed by being hit to death, not shot with the pretext to save ammunition.

Killing Fields (Killing Fields). 

Period of four years of Pol Pot and his Red Khmer rule in Cambodia, is a time that makes the whole world tantrum. Khmer Rouge sought to transform Cambodia into a Maoist state with agrarianisme concept. Khmer regime also declared, years of their arrival as "Year Zero" (Year Zero). Currency, abolished. Postal service, discontinued. Cambodia severed its relationship with foreign countries. Cambodian law also abolished.
The Khmer Rouge regime in this period is estimated to have been slaughtered about two million Cambodians. There are about 343 "killing fields" that are scattered throughout the territory of Cambodia. Choeung Ek is the "killing fields" of the most famous. Here, most of the victims executed is the intellectual of Phnom Penh, which include: former Information Minister Hou Nim, professor of legal studies Phorng Ton, and nine people including David West Lioy Scott of Australia. Before being killed, most of them documented and interrogated at Tuol Sleng torture camps.
Prison S-21 or Tuol Sleng Khmer Rouge regime is the organ most secret. In 1962, the prison S-21 is a high school building named Ponhea Yat. During the Lon Nol government, the school name was changed to Tuol Svay Prey High School.
Tuol Sleng is located in Tuol Svay Prey sub-district, south of Phnom Penh, covering an area of ​​600 x 400 meters. After Phnom Penh fell to the Khmer Rouge, the school converted into a camp interrogation and torture of prisoners accused of being a political enemy. In the "killing fields", intellectuals questioned that mention relatives or fellow colleagues intellectual. One must mention the 15 other names educated person. If no answer, they will be tortured. Fingernails they will be removed, then soaked liquid alcohol. They also tortured by being submerged into a water bath or electric shocks. The pain is felt especially women because often raped during interrogation.
After being interrogated for 2-4 months, they will be executed at Choeung Ek. A number of political prisoners is considered important detained for interrogation about 6-7 months, and then executed.

Haing S Ngor that time was working as a doctor is a handful of intellectuals who survived the Khmer Rouge regime of the game. Haing awarded an Oscar in 1984 for his role in the movie "The Killing Fields". In the film, she portrayed Dith Pran, the Cambodian journalist who survived the massacre. However unfortunate, Haing was killed at his home in Los Angeles, USA, when the robbery committed against three drug addicts in 1996.

Intervention Vietnam. 

On December 25, 1978, after several violations occurred at the border between Cambodia and Vietnam, Vietnamese troops invaded Cambodia. Dated January 7, 1979, Vietnamese troops occupy Phnom Penh and overthrew the government of Pol Pot. And established a puppet government under the leadership of Heng Samrin, a former Khmer Rouge members who had defected to Vietnam. But this new government is not recognized by Western countries. While Pol Pot and his followers fled to the jungles and returned to guerrilla and terror tactics. Pol Pot, whose real name Saloth Sar eventually die in the woods on 15 April 1998 of a heart attack.

Towards Peace. 

In 1982, three groups (factions) which still survive in Cambodia, the Khmer Rouge, and the National Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Cooperative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC) led by Prince Sihanouk, and the Front national freedom of the Khmer people, led by prime minister earlier that Son Sann, forming a coalition that aims to force the Vietnamese army. In 1989, the Vietnamese army finally withdrew from Cambodia.
In 1992, the United Nations (UNTAC), while the government took over the country. The following year, the United Nations held a democratic election, which was won by FUNCINPEC. This faction later formed a coalition government with the Cambodian People's Party (CPP) led by Hun Sen.
Now, Cambodia has been growing rapidly thanks to the help of foreign countries. The country has even held a trial against former Khmer Rouge leaders on charges of committing crimes against humanity. People in towns and villages also have a quiet life though haunted by the danger of landmines that are still scattered across the country. Thank you for reading this article.
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.  sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/01/khmer-rouge.html
DatePublished: January 7, 2014 at 17:48

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