Definition.
Approximately a quarter of the world's population is infected by hookworm . The infection is most commonly found in warm and humid areas , with poor levels of hygiene . Ancylostoma duodenale is found in the Mediterranean region , India , China and Japan . Necator americanus is found in tropical regions of Africa , Asia and America .
Symptom.
Symptoms of this disease is not specific beginning as nausea , vomiting , lazy eating , stomach pain and a thin body . Form of adult worms in the intestinal wall sticking patient using his teeth . As a result of this bite causes blood vessel walls of the intestinal bleeding . Most blood sucked by adult worms and partly out of the intestine so that the blood found feces .Other symptoms that can be found include:
- Fever , cough and wheezing breath sounds ( wheezing ) may occur as a result of
the migration of the larvae through the lungs
- The adult worms often cause upper stomach pain
- Anemia due to iron deficiency and low levels of protein in the blood can result
from intestinal bleeding
- Heavy blood loss and prolonged , can lead to slow growth , heart failure and swelling of tissue that extends to the children .
- Prominent rash and itch (ground itch ) can appear on the entry of larvae on the
skin .
For this one symptom , the disease is well-known among the media Cutaneous larva migrans terms. That is, there is migration of larvae in the skin (skin layer). Other names dermatosis linearis migrans or sandworm disease . From the name it is known that some patients with this disease when dealing with sand .
Other terms are also called creeping eruption ( CE ) . This term is used because of the invasion of hookworm larvae of this , there will be abnormalities in inflammatory skin eruption shaped in the form of straight or winding protruding above the surface of the skin . All people can be infected with this disease if it is directly exposed to the larvae. However , high-risk groups are usually associated with jobs or hobbies that brought him in contact with sand , soil or topsoil her . Among the tourists who were sunbathing on the beach with bare feet , the kids who love to play sand , farmers , gardeners , miners or other workers who interact with the soil .
The entry of the larvae into the skin , usually accompanied by itching and hot on the entry . Then you will see a bulge on the surface of the skin , while the typical form would appear that bulge above the skin surface winding reddish . Henceforth , it will be more reddish bulge winding tunnel formed in accordance with the movement of larvae . Each larva forming lesions winding like a snake lengthwise with a size of a few millimeters to several centimeters in a day .
Patients may lack the protein to arise swelling all over his body . Other clinical symptoms such as itching of the skin due to hookworm larvae penetrate the skin , migrate through the skin . Migrating larvae can get into the lungs , causing coughing symptoms . It feels very itchy , especially in the evenings . In a day long this tunnel could reach approximately 2 mm to 2 cm .
It is said , as for the place of this infection , generally located at the foot , between the legs, buttocks , knees , hands or been also reported to occur in the abdominal wall .
Life Cycle.
A hookworm can cause a loss of as much as 0.2 ml of blood each day . Adult worms can live in the intestines for one to five years in which the female worms produce eggs . In only a few mild infection but blood loss in severe infections can cause severe bleeding , iron deficiency and drastic weight loss .An adult hookworm can lay eggs between 10000-30000 per 24 hours . This egg will last a long time in the soil moist , cool and shady around trees that are common to the area estates . For hookworm eggs will be issued with feces . When in the ground will hatch in 1-2 days and then it will become larvae " Rabeniti Forem " . On the 3rd day " Rabeniti Forem " would be " Pilari Forem " . In this form it can live in soil for 8 weeks . Within these ranges will be trampled by the feet and will penetrate the skin and into the blood capillaries .
Diagnosis.
If symptoms develop , then the patient will be found fecal examination hookworm eggs . If the stool is left in a few hours ago , the eggs will hatch and the larvae hatch .Prevention.
Considering now the rainy season , when the ground is definitely more humid than usual , the parents who have small children , are expected to prevent children play too long on the ground or sand , let alone play barefoot . Encourage them always use footwear . Used washing hands and feet after playing outside is also a good prevention . For those whose work is often associated with soil or sand , such as farmers or farm workers , is also recommended for use while working footwear .Another simple thing is to keep dogs and cats which to dispose of animal waste disposal is a special place .
Treatment.
Because hookworm attack at the age of the children then pengobatanya include:For drug delivery taking anti- worm drug classes daily dose of albendazole 400 mg as a single dose for 3 days . Drugs other options are also many kinds. In addition to the anti- worm medication , treatment is another way by spraying agent freezer , such as chlorethyl or dryce along lesions can also be used as a treatment supporter . But this way is rather difficult because it does not know exactly where the larvae and their effectiveness are reported 60-70 % of all cases .
Keep in mind , during the treatment period we must pay attention to the movement of the lesion . If during a certain observation time does not seem lahi movement of the lesion , the larvae usually died . Sometimes to help observe the movement , marked lesion location marker ink so much easier for observation .
In addition to the above treatment , a drug that is often used is " pyrantel pamoate " dose of 10 mg / kg ( the age of the children ) for 3 consecutive days . There are also 10 g / kg divided in 3 doses with BB : 20 kg then 1 time a drink is 10mg/20kg รจ 200 mg / 3 = 66 mg So , thank you for reading this article .
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/01/you-need-to-know-about-worms-mine.html
DatePublished: January 29, 2014 at 15:04
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Tag ; You Need to Know About Worms Mine, worms mine
