Spider, also called spiders, is a kind of jointed animals (arthropods) with two body segments, four pairs of legs, wingless and do not have a mouth cud. All kinds of spiders in the order Araneae classified; and together with scorpions, scorpion, eight-legged mite-all incorporated into the class Arachnida. Field of study of spiders called arachnologi.
Spiders are predators (carnivores), sometimes cannibals. Its main prey are insects. Almost all kinds of spiders, with the exception of about 150 species of tribe Uloboridae and Holarchaeidae, and suborder Mesothelae, able to inject either through a pair of fangs to the enemy or prey. Nevertheless, tens of thousands of species, only about 200 species whose bite can be dangerous to humans.
Not all spiders make webs to catch prey, but all of them able to produce the silk thread-thin strands of protein fibers but strong-of glands (called spinnerets) which is located at the back of his body. The silk fiber is very useful to help the movement of the spider, swinging from one place to another, trapping prey, making egg sacs, protecting the nest holes, and others.
Morphology.
Spider anatomy :
(1) four pairs of legs(2) cephalothorax
(3) opisthosoma
Unlike insects have three body parts, spider only has two. Segment front called cephalothorax or prosoma, which actually is a combination of head and chest (thorax). While the rear segment called abdominal (stomach) or opisthosoma. Between cephalothorax and abdomen are thin connective called pedicle or pedicellus.
At cephalothorax attached four pairs of legs, and one to four pairs of eyes. In addition to a pair of large fanged jaws (called chelicera), there are also a pair of mouth or some similar hand tools called pedipalps. In some types of spiders, adult males pedipalps on enlarging and changing the function as a tool in marriage.
Spiders do not have mouths or teeth for chewing. Instead, the mouth of the spider in the form of a vacuum to suck the prey's body fluids.
Senses.
Eyes on spiders generally a single eye (single-lens eyes), and not like the compound eyes of insects. Most spiders have a vision that is not so good, can not distinguish color, or simply sensitive to dark and light. Spider cave dwellers there are even blind. There are exceptions in some types of spider hunters who have sharp eyesight and good, including in recognizing colors.To mark the presence of prey on spiders generally rely on vibration, either in nets silk or on land, water, or place its host. There is also capable of spider tasted the difference in air pressure. The sense of touch spiders located on the hairs on his legs.
Predation.
Most spiders indeed a predator (prey) ambush, waiting for prey passing nearby while hiding behind the leaves, layer of petals, crack rocks, or holes in the ground covered with camouflage. Some types have color patterns disguise herself on the ground, rocks or tree bark, so no need to hide.Weaver spiders (eg tribal members Araneidae) make silk webs approximately spherical shape in the air, between the leaves and branches, in the face of the rock fissures, in the corners of the building, between the telephone wire, and others , These nets are attached, to catch flying insects that become prey. Once the insect is trapped webs, spiders immediately approached and thrust its fangs to immobilize the prey and simultaneously sends digestive enzymes into its prey's body.
Slightly different, spider hunters (such as tribal members Lycosidae) are usually more active. These types of spiders usual exploring the trees, the sidelines of the grass, or the surface of the rocky wall to find prey. This spider can catch up and jump for prey.
Can be injected through a spider's fangs are usually well as ingest and destroy parts of the body of the prey. Then slowly along the broken body fluid in the organ that is inhaled by the predator. Hours spiders suck the liquid dries up the carcass of their prey. Spiders have jaws (chelicera) strong, can more quickly spend their food by disrupting the body and crushing jaws and prey with its fangs it. Live the rest of small balls that are crushed prey body had shrunk / shrivel.
Some spiders weaver has the ability to wrap the body of its prey with winding threads of silk. This capability is very useful especially if the prey has a self-defense tool that is dangerous, like a bee that has stung; or if the spider wants to save some time while waiting for their prey when preferred to enjoy it later.
Diversity Type.
Until now, about 40,000 species of spiders have been described, and sub-divided into 111 parts. However, given that this animal is so diverse, many of which are very small stature, often hidden in nature, and even many specimens in the museum that are not well understood, it is believed that the possibility of different types of spiders can reach 200,000 species entirely.Order of the spider is further divided into three major categories at the level of the suborder, namely:
Mesothelae.
Is a primitive spider is not poisonous, the body segments are apparent; shows a closer kinship with the ancestor of arthropods jointed.Mygalomorphae or Orthognatha.
Is a group of spiders that make hiding hole, and also makes a hole in the ground trap. Many large-bodied species, such as the tarantula.Araneomorphae.
Is a group of spiders 'modern'. Most spiders we encountered belong to the suborder of this, given that membership consists of 95 parts and covers approximately 94% of the number of species of spider. Fangs of this group leads slightly tilted forward (and not straight as the tarantula group) and driven in the opposite direction as pincers biting prey.Special Feature Spider.
Spiders are invertebrate animals that berbuku-book (arthropods). Characteristic of spiders the best known is that of eight feet and has the ability to make webs. Spiders are carnivores (meat eaters), but he can not jump or fly. So he must have a special ability to capture prey.Some special features of spiders.
1. Make Nets
Spiders can make a web that comes from a very sticky saliva. So as to trap prey in the form of small insects that walk through the net. Thus, the spider can easily capture their prey.2. "The Mouth" Shaped Like Vacuum Equipment
Spiders do not have a mouth or teeth. He preys on its prey by sucking body fluids prey. Spiders have a "mouth" that functions like a vacuum.3. Sense of Touch at His feet Sensitive
Most spiders have poor eyesight. So as to determine whether there is a prey that has been trapped in his net, he uses the sense of touch in his legs to detect vibrations on their webs.4. Have Could
Of the tens of thousands of species, only 150 species of spiders that do not have to. Can be used to kill its prey. Can be found in the fangs of spiders. However, only 200 species of spiders that could have harmful to humans.5. Only Have Two Segments Body
Spiders have only two body segments unlike other insects have three body segments. Two segments that are prosoma (head and chest) and abdomen (stomach). Legs are in prosoma.Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/05/did-you-know-spiders.html
DatePublished: May 28, 2015 at 18:16
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW
