Warrant of March or the Decree of March 11 was shortened to Supersemar warrant signed by the President of the Republic of Indonesia Soekarno on March 11, 1966.
One version Supersemar (Center for History and Tradition TNI).
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President Supersemar version.
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Supersemar2
This letter contains commands that instruct Suharto, as the Operation Commander of Security and Order (Commander) to take all necessary action to address the poor security situation at the time.Warrant of March this is the version that is released from the Army Headquarters (AD) were also recorded in the history books. Most of the Indonesian historians say that there are various versions of the manuscript Supersemar that was traced Supersemar issued by President Sukarno in Bogor Palace.
Supersemar discharge.
According to the official version, initially Supersemar discharge occurs when, on March 11, 1966, President Sukarno convened the Cabinet inauguration enhanced Dwikora known as the "cabinet of 100 ministers". At the time the trial began, Brigadier General Sabur as commander of the presidential guard 'Tjakrabirawa reported that many "wild forces" or "unknown forces" which was later known Army Strategic Reserve Command is under the leadership of Major General Kemal Idris, who served detain people who are in the Cabinet allegedly involved in the G-30-S of which is the Deputy Prime Minister I Soebandrio.Based on these reports, the President and Vice-Prime Minister I Soebandrio and Deputy Prime Minister Saleh III Chaerul went to Bogor by helicopter that had been prepared. While the trial was finally closed by the Deputy Prime Minister II Dr.J. Leimena were then followed to Bogor.
This situation reported to Major General Suharto (who later became President of replacing Sukarno), which at that time as Commander of the Army Lieutenant General Ahmad Yani replace fallen due to the G-30-S/PKI events. Major General (Maj. Gen.) Suharto when it did not attend the cabinet meeting because of illness. (Some people assessing the absence of Soeharto cabinet meeting scenario is considered as Suharto to wait situation. Because regarded as a gaffe).
Major General Suharto sent three senior officers (AD) to Bogor to meet President Soekarno at the Bogor Palace Brigadier General M. Jusuf, Brigadier General Brigadier General Amirmachmud and Basuki Rahmat. On arrival at the Bogor Palace, at night, there was a conversation between three senior officers of AD with President Sukarno of the situation and the third officer stated that Major General Suharto was able to control the situation and restore security when given a letter of assignment or a power of attorney authorizing him to take action. According to Gen. (ret) M Jusuf, talks with President Soekarno until 20.30 at night.
President Sukarno agreed to it and made an order known as the Order of March is popularly known as Supersemar addressed to Major General Suharto as commander of the Army to take the necessary measures to restore security and order.
Supersemar letter arrived in Jakarta on March 12, 1966 at 01:00 local time brought by the Secretary of the Army Headquarters Brig Boediono. It is based on the narrative Sudharmono, at which time he received a call from Major General Sutjipto, Chairman of the G-5 KOTI, March 11, 1966 at around 10 pm. Sutjipto requested that the concept of the dissolution of the PKI prepared and should be completed that night. The request was on the orders of the Commander held by Major General Suharto. Even Sudharmono Moerdiono was arguing with the legal basis of the text until it arrives Supersemar.
Some controversy about Supersemar.
Supersemar Version AD
Other Versions Supersemar
According to one of the three high-ranking army who eventually received the letter, when they read the letter again on the way back to Jakarta, one of the senior officers who then read it commented "Why is khan transfer of power". It is not clear then the original manuscript Supersemar because a few years later the original manuscript of this letter were missing and no obvious loss of this letter by whom and where the offender's history of events as "the birth of Supersemar" is already dead. Later, the family M. Jusuf said that there was a script Supersemar M. Jusuf personal documents are stored in a bank.According to the testimony of one of the presidential guard at the Bogor Palace, First Lieutenant (First Lieutenant) Sukardjo Wilardjito, when a confession written in various media after the 1998 Reform which also marks the end of the New Order and the rule of President Soeharto. He stated that senior officers were present to the Bogor Palace on the evening of March 11, 1966 at 01:00 local time dawn not three but four officers that his next officer Brigadier-General (Brig) M. Panggabean. Even at the time, Brigadier General M. Jusuf Supersemar event brought folder bearing the Army Headquarters pink and M. Pangabean and Brig Gen. Basuki Rahmat pointing a gun towards President Sukarno and insisted that President Sukarno signed the letter which he said that the Decree of March is not clear what's inside. Sukardjo First Lieutenant who was in charge of guarding the president, also reply to put the gun in the direction of the generals, but President Sukarno ordered Soekardjo to lower the gun and sheathed it. According to him, the President then signed the paper, and after the signing, President Sukarno told that the situation has been stabilized, the mandate should be immediately returned. The meeting broke up and when the fourth high-ranking officer was returning to Jakarta. President Sukarno told Soekardjo that he must get out of the palace. "I have to get out of the castle, and you have to be careful," he mimicked the message of President Sukarno. Not long after (about 30 minutes ago) Bogor Palace was already occupied and Special Forces troops from the army, First Lieutenant Sukardjo and colleagues subsequently stripped of his bodyguards were arrested and detained in a Military Detention and dismissed from military service. Some have doubted the testimony Soekardjo Wilardjito it, even one of the perpetrators of history Supersemar Gen. (Ret.) Joseph M., and Gen. (ret) M Panggabean denied the incident.
According to testimony A.M. Hanafi in his book "AM Hanafi Sues Suharto coup", a former Indonesian ambassador to Cuba unconstitutionally dismissed by Suharto. He denied the testimony of Lieutenant Sukardjo Wilardjito who said that the presence of Gen. M. Panggabean to Bogor Palace with three other generals (Amirmachmud, M. Jusuf and Basuki Rahmat) on March 11, 1966 morning who guns against President Sukarno. According to him, at that time, President Soekarno stay at the State Palace, Jakarta, for the purposes of a cabinet meeting in the morning. Similarly, all the ministers or most of the ministers have been staying in the palace to avoid the next day when the new comes, the demonstrations that have been huddled in Jakarta. AM Hanafi Alone present at the hearing with the Deputy Prime Minister (Deputy Premier) Chaerul Saleh. According to the writings in the book, the three generals that this is what they had to go to the Bogor Palace, to meet President Soekarno who went there first. And he thinks they departed from the previous palace, from palace to call for independence Amir Machmud Commissioner Soemirat, personal bodyguard of President Soekarno in Bogor, asked for permission to come to Bogor. And all of that there are witnesses-witnesses. The third general seems to have brought the text, which is called now Supersemar. It was there Bung Karno, but not mugged, because they come in fine. But outside the palace is surrounded demonstrations and tanks in the streets outside the palace. Given such circumstances, it seems Bung Karno signed the letter. So AM Hanafi stated, the knowledge of him, because he was not present at the Bogor Presidential Palace but were in along with other ministers. So that comes to nothing Bogor Palace General Panggabean. Mr Panggabean, who at that time served as Minister of Defense, was not present.
About typist Supersemar.
Who actually typed the letter, is still not clear. There are some people who claim to type that letter, among others, Lt. Col. (Ret.) Army Ebram Ali, at that time as staff Assistant I Cakrabirawa Intelligence.
Testimony submitted to the foreign historian, Ben Anderson, by a soldier who had served in Bogor Palace. The Army argues that Supersemar letter typed on letterhead Headquarters of the Army, not on presidential letterhead paper. This is the reason why, according to Ben Supersemar lost or intentionally omitted.
Various attempt was made to National Archives to obtain clarity regarding this letter. In fact, the National Archives has repeatedly asked Gen. (Ret.) M. Jusuf, who was the last witness until his death 8 September 2004, to be willing to explain what really happened, but always failed. It also had to ask for help Muladi the then Secretary of State, Jusuf Kalla, and M. Saelan, even asking the House to summon M. Jusuf. Until now, the National Archives of the effort never materialized. Another key witness, is a former president Suharto. But with the death of former President Suharto on January 27, 2008, made history Supersemar increasingly difficult to uncover.
With the Supersemar confusion, historians and Indonesian law says that the events G-30-S/PKI and Supersemar is one of the Indonesian history that is still dark.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
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name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/03/did-your-order-of-march.html
DatePublished: March 4, 2014 at 20:19
7MHPNPADAEFWTag : Did Your Order of March.
