Interspecies differences.
Life Cycle.
Taenia infection known as Taeniasis and Cysticercosis. Taeniasis is a disease caused by parasites such as tapeworms belonging to the genus Taenia that can be transmitted from animals to humans, and vice versa. Taeniasis in humans caused by Taenia solium species known as pork tapeworm, Taenia saginata whilst also known as bovine tapeworm.
Cysticercosis in humans is infection of the tissue by the larval form of Taenia (sistiserkus) due to ingested worm eggs of Taenia solium (pork tapeworm). Pork tapeworm can cause cysticercosis in humans, whereas bovine tapeworm can not cause cysticercosis in humans. While the ability to cause cysticercosis Taenia asiatica is not certain. There is suspicion that the cause of cysticercosis Taenia asiatica in Asia.
Human taeniasis exposed when consuming beef or pork containing sistiserkus half done so sistiserkus Taenia develop into adults in the human gut. Human cysticercosis exposed when ingested food or drink containing the eggs of Taenia solium. It can also occur through its own process of infection by individuals with swallowing back through expenses and food.
Sources Taenia tapeworm infections in humans, namely;
Taeniasis patients to whom stool containing eggs or body segments (proglotid) tapeworm.Animals, especially pigs and cattle that contain tapeworm larvae (sistisekus).
Food, drinks and the environment contaminated by tapeworm eggs.
Deployment.
The spread in the World.
Taenia tapeworms are spread widely across the world. And the spread of infections due to Taenia Taenia more prevalent in the tropics because the tropics have higher rainfall and climate suitable for the development of this parasite. Taeniasis and cysticercosis due to infection of Taenia solium pork tapeworm is one of zoonoses in many populated areas consume pork and environmental sanitation level is low, such as in Southeast Asia, India, South Africa, and Latin America.One more proof of the extent of the spread of Taenia in the tropics is the discovery of a third species causing taeniasis in humans in several Asian countries is known as Taiwanese or Asian Taenia Taenia. Asian Taenia reported to have been found in Asian countries are generally tropical climates such as Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Korea and China. Now called the Asian Taenia Taenia asiatica. T. asiatica high mainly found on Samosir Island, Indonesia.
Cysticercosis is an infection that is commonly found in pigs and humans, especially in developing countries. Sistiserkus deployment in humans is influenced by the contact between the pig and human feces, no medical examination meat slaughtering and consumption of raw or undercooked meat. Wide spread of the disease due to Taenia can produce tens or even hundreds of thousands of eggs each day which can be spread by rain water into the environment even at locations far away from the release of the egg.
The spread in Indonesia.
Taenia tapeworm infections highest in Indonesia occurred in the province of Papua. Jayawijaya in Papua, Indonesia found 66.3% (106 of 160 respondents) had positive solium taeniasis / cysticercosis selulosae of pigs. While 28.3% of patients with cysticercosis is visible and palpable lumps under the skin. A total of 18.6% (30 people) were selulosae cysticercosis patients who show symptoms of epilepsy. Of the 257 patients who suffered burns in Papua, as many as 82.8% had epilepsy due to cysticercosis in the brain.The prevalence of cysticercosis in humans based on the Balinese serology is as high as 5.2% to 21%, while the prevalence of taeniasis in the same province ranged between 0.4% -23%. A total of 13.5% (10 of 74) of patients who have been diagnosed with epilepsy in Bali cysticercosis in the brain. Prevalence of taeniasis T. asiatica in North Sumatra ranging from 1.9% -20.7%. Case T. asiatica in this province is generally caused by the consumption of wild boar meat half cooked.
Impact on Health.
Taenia tapeworms can cause a disease called taeniasis and cysticercosis. Most clinical symptoms complained of are:Spending body segments worm in feces (95%)
Itching in the anus (77%)
Nausea (46%)
Dizziness (42%)
Increased appetite (30%)
Headache (26%)
Diarrhea (18%)
Weak (17%)
Feeling hungry (16%)
Constipation (11%)
Weight loss (6%)
Discomfort in the stomach (5%)
Jaded (4%)
Vomiting (4%)
There is no appetite to eat when hungry (1%)
Muscle stiffness (1%)
Pain in abdomen, drowsiness, and convulsions, anxiety, itching skin and respiratory disorders (each <1%).
Cysticercosis cause symptoms and effects that vary according to the location of the parasite in the body. Humans can be infected by one to hundreds sistiserkus in body tissues different. Sistiserkus in humans most often found in the brain (called neurosistiserkosis), eyes, muscles and the lower layers of the skin.
Health impact of the most feared and dangerous due to Taenia worm larvae that can cause death neurosistiserkosis. Neurosistiserkosis is an infection of the central nervous system as a result of larval Taenia solium sistiserkus. Neurosistiserkosis is a causal risk factor for stroke in both humans young and middle-aged, epilepsy and abnormalities in the skull. Cysticercosis is the cause of 1% of deaths in public hospitals in Mexico City and the cause of 25% of tumors in the brain.
Control.
How to Control Taenia tapeworms.Control of Taenia tapeworms can be done by breaking the cycle of life. Termination of the life cycle of the worm Taenia as disease-causing agents can be done through early diagnosis and treatment of infected patients. Some drugs can be used, namely worm Atabrin, Librax and Niclosamide and Praziquantel. While it can be used to treat cysticercosis albendazole and dexamethasone. To reduce the possibility of infection by Taenia to humans and animals is necessary to increase the immune system of the host. This can be done through vaccination of livestock, especially pigs in endemic areas taeniasis / cysticercosis and improving the quality and nutritional intake in humans.
A clean environment is needed to break the life cycle of Taenia because of the dirty environment becomes a source of the spread of disease. The release of Taenia eggs in the feces into the environment a source of spread of taeniasis / cysticercosis. The main risk factors for Taenia eggs transmission to pigs is pigs extensive maintenance, human defecation near maintenance pigs that eat the feces of humans and swine swine breeding close to humans. The same thing applies to the transmission of Taenia eggs to cows. This worm eggs can be carried by water to damp places so that the worm eggs survive longer and spread more widely.
Control of diseases caused by Taenia in the environment can be achieved by improving sanitation, prevention of the consumption of contaminated meat, the prevention of contamination of soil and feces on food and beverages. Sanitation facilities, such as latrines and septic tanks, as well as the provision of clean water source is needed. Prevention consumption of contaminated meat can be done through the centralization of slaughter at the abattoir (slaughterhouse) are supervised by a veterinarian.
So, thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
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name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/01/about-taenia-tapeworm.html
DatePublished: January 29, 2014 at 12:42
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Tag ; About Taenia (tapeworm), Taenia
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