Swastika history.

Swastika is a universal symbol that has been used from the Bronze Age and is found in various civilizations.

'Swastika' is derived from Sanskrit: su (Greek: eu, meaning 'good'), asti (Greek: esto, which means 'being') and the suffix ka.

This symbol means 'good luck' (the word Swasti Sanskrit-Tibetan means 'may be beneficial').

Swastika forms are thought to originate from the constellation of Arktos, also known as the Great Bear, The Plough, or Big Dipper.

At observers in the northern hemisphere, this constellation constellation seemed to revolve around Polaris, the Pole Star, due to the effects caused by Earth's rotation.

If the position Arktos in relation to Polaris is represented in the form of a line, the result will resemble a swastika. This identification is thought to have started in the year 4000 BC.

Swastika, besides showing good luck is also used to represent the poles.

Swastika gained an important position in European culture in the nineteenth century, especially in the field of comparative ethnology and oriental studies.

The absence of the swastika symbol found in ancient Egyptian culture, Chaldeans, Assyrians, and Phoenicia make ethnologists believe that it is a symbol of the Aryan symbol for the sun.

Luck swastika symbol has been relatively widely used during World War I as a symbol in many respects even appear in the coupon and stamps.

Swastika is known to have two versions: rotating to the left and turning to the right. However, the confusion arises immediately when faced with the question of how to define 'left' and 'right'.

Most occultists and historians support the definition based on the direction taken by the 'hand' swastika that stretches out from the center, while others prefer to define 'left' and 'right' in terms of the direction of rotation.

The confusion arises from the fact that the swastika which leads to the left hand seems to be spinning to the right, and vice versa.

Each variant swastika interpreted varies by occult writer. Most states that the swastika rotating anticlockwise represent the Earth's rotation on its axis and the 'Wheel of the Sun Gold' (Wheel of the Golden Sun) which is thought to symbolize the creation, evolution, and fertility.

While the swastika rotating clockwise interpreted as 'Black Sun Wheel' (Wheel of the Black Sun), which represents the human quest for power as opposed to heaven.

However, there is another explanation for the left and right swastika. Swastika left (rotating clockwise) is considered to represent the migration Ras ancient Aryan from its homeland in the Arctic, while the swastika right (rotating clockwise) used by the Nazis, representing the fate of Aryans to return to the center of their spiritual at the South Pole.

In spite of all these theories, there is a tendency that in many ancient cultures, there is no particular preference for one type of swastika.

The only place where the left-right difference swastika most significant happening in Tibet where swastika Bon-Po religion leads to the left, while Buddhism to the right.

Swastika gained popularity among the anti-Semitic Germany through the writings of Guido von List and Lanz von Liebenfels who took this symbol to indicate the nature of heroism Germany invincible.

Swastika with counter-clockwise rotation used by the Nazi Party, causing controversy among occult and esoteric.

The swastika symbol used by the Nazis picked by Hitler and designed by Dr. Friedrich Krohn, a dentist from Sternberg.

Here then occur controversy, which was originally a symbol representing peace and serenity, used by Hitler to carry out one of the most horrible forms of crime against humanity.
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Published Date: December 2, 2015 at 09:11

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About Tornado.

Tornado is a fast rotating column of air that forms the relationship between a cumulonimbus cloud or in the rare event of a cumulus cloud base to the ground. Tornadoes come in many sizes but are typically in the form of a visible condensation funnel, whose narrow end touches the earth and is often surrounded by a cloud of debris.
Most tornadoes have wind speeds of 177 km / h or more with an average reach of 75 m and employ several kilometers before dissipating. Several tornadoes that reached wind speeds of 300-480 km / h stretch more than a mile (1.6 km) and can survive on surfaces with more than 100 km.
Although tornadoes have been observed on every continent except Antarctica, tornadoes are more common in the United States. Tornadoes are also commonly occur in southern Canada, south-central and eastern Asia, east-central South America, South Africa, northwest and central European, Italian, western and southeastern Australia, and New Zealand.

Definition.

Tornado is defined by the Glossary of Meteorology as a "fast rotating column of air that is fused to the surface of the soil and emerge from cumuliform cloud or cumuliform cloud bottom and often (but not always) visible as a funnel cloud ..."

The condensation funnel.

Tornado does not have to appear; however, the intensity of low pressure caused by high wind speeds (see Bernoulli's principle) and fast spin (related to balance siklostrofik) often causes the water vapor in the air condenses which causes visible condensation funnel. Tornado is a whirlwind not cloud condensation.
an embodiment of a funnel cloud condensation funnel without the strong winds at the surface. Not all funnel cloud becomes a tornado. However, many tornadoes are preceded by a funnel-like vortex mesosiklon cloud that land on the surface of the ground. Tornado generally produce strong winds at the surface when the funnel looks that survive above ground level. This causes difficulty in finding the difference between a funnel cloud and a tornado from a certain distance.

Tornado family.

Sometimes, a single storm produces various tornadoes and mesosiklon. This process is known as Tornadogenesis cycle. Tornadoes are formed from the same storm known as a family tornado. Sometimes some of mesosiklon different tornadoes occur simultaneously.

Tornado attack.

Sometimes, several tornadoes formed from a large-scale system bada same. If there is a devastating tornado activity, it is considered to be a tornado strike, although there are various definitions. A period of several days in a row with a tornado in the same location (formed by multiple weather systems) is a tornado barrage of attacks, sometimes called wide tornado attack.

Etymology.

The word "tornado" is an alteration of the word in Spanish tronada, which means "lightning storm". Then, said tornadoes were also taken from the Latin tonare, which means "rumble". This word is very likely a combination of the Spanish language tronada and tornar ("spin"); however, this word may also be a folk etymology. Tornadoes are also commonly known as Twisters.

Type.

Multi-vortex tornado.

Multi-vortex tornado is a type of tornado in which two or more rotating column of air that coagulates around the center. Multi-vortex structures can occur in almost any circulation, but it is often observed in the devastating tornado.

Satellite tornado.

Satellite tornado is a term for a weak tornado formed near large powerful tornado that occurred in the same mesosiklon. Satellite tornado emerged from the "orbit" large tornado (as the name suggests), showing the form of multi-vortex vortex. However, a satellite tornado is a distinct funnel, and smaller than the main funnel.

Tornado.

Tornado officially described briefly by the US National Weather Service as a tornado passing through the waters. However, researchers generally characterize tornado "weather being" derived from the tornado tornado.
Waterspout weather is a little destroyer but very far from the generally and has a dynamic similar to dust devils and landspout. They are formed when the row congestus cumulus clouds towering in tropical and semitropical waters. These winds have relatively weak winds, smooth-coated walls, and generally drove very slowly. These winds are very common in the Florida Keys.
Tornado Tornado is a literal term for "tornado that crossed the waters". This wind can be formed across the water like a tornado mesosiklon, or be ground tornado passing out water. Since this wind is formed of thunderstorms destroyer and can be much more powerful, faster, and last longer than the tornado weather is, the wind is considered far more dangerous.

Why of Tornado.

Tornado comes from Tronada (Spain), Tonare (Latin) and is often known as the Twister and Willy-willy. From the definition of a tornado can be interpreted as a strong rotation of an air column formed from cumuliform cloud that has touched the ground, usually appears as a funnel cloud (funnel cloud), and is often accompanied by wind and rain storms, lightning or hail. Most tornadoes are caused by thunderstorms rotating with regular circulation called mesosiklon.

The formation of tornadoes are generally visible on the things that happen on a scale of storm, in and around mesosiklon. Differences in temperature at the edge of the descending air masses located around mesosiklon (downdraft occlusion) is closely related to the growth of a tornado. Most tornadoes can have a speed of over 480 km / h, an average of 175 km / h or more (around the center can reach 100-200 meters / hour), with a height of ± 75 m, diameter typically ranges from tens to hundreds of meters , Generally occur at noon until late afternoon.

In the United States tornadoes often occur between 15-21 LT. In the northern hemisphere the majority of tornadoes swirling anti clockwise, the opposite in the southern hemisphere whirls clockwise. Tornado duration time is usually only a few minutes (less than 10 minutes), the longest not more than a few hours.

Tornadoes can occur anywhere in a place in the world, but in areas of high latitude occurrence usually in the spring or summer. The United States has the intensity of a tornado occurrence are higher than other areas, particularly in the Central-Western American. In Indonesia, more tornadoes occurred around Sumatra and Java. Tornado can be classified based on the type and scale of damage.

By type, tornado distinguished by:

1) Weak Tornado.

Thus categorized due course of a very short time between 1 to 10 minutes or more, most have a small size with destructive power generally small-scale F0-F1 and wind speed less than 112 mph. The percentage of the number of deaths caused by a weak tornado is less than 5% of the total deaths caused by tornadoes. This type of most of the other types, covering 88% of the total incidence of tornadoes.

2) Strong Tornado.

Lasted 20 minutes or even more, generally measuring approximately 10 m with a strong destructive power - scale F2 - F3 - as well as the wind speed between 113-206 mph. Deaths caused by this tornado include up to 30%. Strong tornadoes covers 11% of the total number of occurrences of tornadoes.

3) Violent Tornado.

This tornado can last long enough to exceed 1 hour and can traverse many miles before disappearing with the destructive power of very strong - F4 - F5 - and winds of more than 205 mph. This type is most widely claimed lives of 70% of the total deaths. Very rare that only covers 1% of the total number of occurrences of tornadoes.

The issue of global warming on the rise again moments today. A number of facts prove that our world nowadays, it has experienced an increase in temperature, global climate change, compared with the previous period. This is also a possible cause worsening weather conditions in nearly all the countries that one consequence is the increasing incidence of tornado intensity compared to previous years.
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Locations attack in Paris.

Some media reported there were at least seven points attacks in Paris, France. Total casualties were confirmed so far 60 people. This description of its location.

BBC launched on Saturday (11/14/2015), the location of the attack occurred at some point. Blast outside the stadium Stade of France and a number of points such as at restaurants to Bataclan concert arena.

The focus of the security team is now in the concert arena. Therefore, the previously reported 100 hostages held there. However, recent reports said the two actors hostage successfully disabled. 15 hostages were killed.

7 location of the attack, in a number of restaurants do with the shooting. Specifically near the football stadium, the attacks carried out by suicide bombers. Two explosions were heard there and at least make three people were killed.

The taxi driver reportedly busy AFP evacuate a number of people in Paris. They do not charge for this transportation.

France Must Unite to Face the Terror.
French President Francois Hollande deployed military forces to Paris and the surrounding region to maintain security. He called the explosions and shooting attacks as a form of horror and France must unite.

"As I speak, the terrorist attack of a scale unprecedented in progress in the Paris region. There are dozens killed, there were many wounded. It's a horror," Hollande said in a statement as reported by Reuters on Saturday (11/14/2015).

In addition to military deployments, Hollande also ordered the closure of all of Paris and the surrounding area for security reasons. He appealed to the people to remain alert to face the current situation.

"This is a terrible ordeal. We know where it came from, who the perpetrators of this crime, who these terrorists," he said.

In the midst of this tense atmosphere, Hollande called on all parties to remain calm. Currently, the French people are asked to stronger.

"We must show unity and calm. Faced with terror, France must be strong, must be great, and the state authorities to be firm," said Hollande.

Currently, the total death toll reached 140 people. This attack occurred in 7 point ranging from restaurants, bars, up to the concert hall.

Access to the entire Paris Closed
French President Francois Hollande delivered a speech responding to shootings and explosions that blanketed Paris. Hollande deployed military forces to Paris and the surrounding region to maintain security.

"We have, as my decision, moving the entire army to neutralize terrorists and ensure safe area," Hollande said in a statement as reported by Reuters on Saturday (11/14/2015).

"I am also asking for military deployment. They are now in the Paris area, to ensure that no new attacks that could have happened," he said.

In addition to military deployments, Hollande also ordered the closure of all of Paris and the surrounding area for security reasons. "The two decisions to be taken: the emergency will be declared, which means that all locations are closed, traffic is prohibited, and may be no check in all regions of Ile de France (Paris and surrounding areas)," he said.

"State of emergency will be declared in the entire region (France). The second decision that I made, closing the border. We have to make sure that no one is committing a crime and those who are caught committing a crime will be arrested if they leave the country," he said.

Furthermore, Hollande appealed to the people to remain alert to face the current situation. "Facing terror, France must be strong, the state authorities to be firm. We will be strong," he said. Thank you for reading this article.
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DatePublished: November 14, 2015 at 09:18

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Perpetrators of Terror in Paris.

Terror events that took place in Paris, France, is still ongoing. From the location back sounded 5 times subsequent explosion.

Reported by Reuters on Saturday (14/11/2015), five explosions heard again at the Bataclan Concert Hall, where hundreds of people are still being held hostage perpetrators. This happened shortly after French President Francois Hollande said the police are doing to stop terror attacks.

Meanwhile, Reuters reports, a radio journalist from Europe1 including one person who was taken hostage in the concert hall. Journalist named Julien Pierce was at the scene when the shooting occurred.

In a report, Pierce mention some very young actors. They do not wear masks, and enters the hall with automatic weapons while the concert was about to take place.

"(They) blindly opened fire on the crowd," Pierce said in a report it.

Then Pierce also revealed that the shooting lasted for 12 or 15 minutes. He also did not hear the terrorists ask any demands.

"It was very hard and there was a wave of panic. Everyone ran toward the stage," said Pierce.

Journalists were then escaped through the emergency door. There are about ten bodies were seen Pierce near the emergency entrance to the conditions covered in blood.

As a result of these terrorist acts, President Hollande has declared the whole territory of France in a state of emergency standby. All the border was closed.

French Embassy in the US-guarded.
New York City Police provide a high level of security around the French Embassy in the United States (US). The local police also deploy its members to crowded places in Paris related attacks.

This security is the largest in the United States involving the FBI and police from the French. Intelligence was involved in securing this.

"Counter-terrorism spread to the crowded area around the town to give attention and convince the public that the police are present," said New York Police Department as reported by AFP on Saturday (11/14/2015).

"The distribution of specific French Embassy in New York was made after the attack," he added.

New York is the largest city in the United States with a population of 8.4 million inhabitants. The death toll continues to fall into terrorist armed groups in the city of Paris, France.

So far the death toll reached 60 people and is still growing. At least six shootings took place in Paris.

So far reported about 100 people hostage at the Bataclan Theatre building in the center of Paris. There are 15 people known to have been killed at this location.

2 Perpetrators of Terror in Paris killed.
The French police immediately ambush against a group of terrorists in Paris. Two person shooter called dead.

The shooting incident occurred at the Bataclan Concert Hall and killed at least 60 people. 100 people were taken hostage by a group of actors.

Based on information from BFM TV reported by Reuters on Saturday (11/14/2015), the police operation has been completed. Two attackers called shot.

"The police operation ended at the Bataclan concert, two attackers were killed," the statement to Reuters.

The police are still on guard Area locations. Meanwhile, many French citizens waiting outside the location of the concert hall, looking worried.

How condition of citizen in Paris?
There are at least seven locations terror in Paris, France. Victims reported so far reached more than 140 people. What is the fate of citizens in there?

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Foreign Ministry) had previously been declared to date no Indonesian citizen (citizen) who were victims in the attack. This was disclosed by the Director of the Protection of Indonesian Citizens and Legal Aid Indonesia (PWNI & BHI) Portal Then M Iqbal, Saturday (11/14/2015).

But he facebook social media, there is a facility that can be done to check the citizen there. The facility was named paris Terror Attack Facebook Safety Check.

It is made specifically to check the condition of a relative or friend on FB who lived in Paris. Safety information submitted fellow colleagues who know the latest situation of the friends who sought.

For example, there is news accounts submitted by Indah Tridiyanti which convey through the facility that citizens in Paris named Aditia Gunawan fine and safe.

"Here is still tense," said Adit told AFP when asked about the latest situation there. Thank you for reading this article.
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DatePublished: November 14, 2015 at 08:23

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Terror Paris.

The atmosphere at the location of the hostage in the city of Paris, France, on Friday (13/11/2015) night. (Reuters)
The number of victims who were killed in acts of terror in several places in the city of Paris, France continues to grow. The Telegraph released, there have been 60 fatalities in the incident.

Alleged victims died from gunfire from an AK47 type of weapon and a hand grenade explosion. In addition to the explosion heard near the football stadium where the match between France and Germany, the terror occurred in one of the nightclubs named Bataclan.

Because of the terror that rocked the City of Paris, the television network France 24 states, President Francois Hollande who was watching the match at the Stade de France has been taken out of the stadium to a safe place.

"Hollande and Interior Minister scurrying away from the game of football to to face the ongoing situation," an official told Reuters on Saturday (11/14/2015).

A witness said he heard gunshots while walking on a street in Paris' 10th district, not far from the Place de La Republique. When he arrived outside a restaurant he saw people who were killed on the ground.

"I saw three dead bodies were put into a body bag," said Fabien Baron, a student.

While the BBC released, at least one person opened fire with an automatic rifle at the restaurant Petit Cambodge in Paris 11th District. Shots were also heard near Bataclan arts center.

3 The explosion was also reported in the outside bar near the Stade de France, where the French team amid entertain German teams.

The BBC's Restaurant Petit Cambodge said she saw 10 people on the street in a lifeless condition or serious injury.
He said police had now arrived and closed off the area.

18 People Killed and President Hollande evacuated.

At least 18 people were killed in a shootout in downtown Paris, France. In addition, the explosion was also heard near the stadium where a football match between France and Germany is underway on Friday evening local time.

In fact, the television network France 24 said President Francois Hollande who was watching the match at the Stade de France has been taken out of the stadium to a safe place.

"Hollande and Interior Minister scurrying away from the game of football to to face the ongoing situation," an official told Reuters on Saturday (11/14/2015).

A witness said he heard gunshots while walking on a street in Paris' 10th district, not far from the Place de La Republique. When he arrived outside a restaurant he saw people who were killed on the ground.

"I saw three dead bodies were put into a body bag," said Fabien Baron, a student.

Police Closes location.

While the BBC released, at least one person opened fire with an automatic rifle at the restaurant Petit Cambodge in Paris 11th District. Shots were also heard near Bataclan arts center.

3 The explosion was also reported in the outside bar near the Stade de France, where the French team amid entertain German teams.

The BBC's Restaurant Petit Cambodge said she saw 10 people on the street in a lifeless condition or serious injury.
He said police had now arrived and closed off the area.

Muslim Men Rescue It touted.

Lassana Bathily, a 24-year-old shop assistant Mali West Africa. Won praise after his action saved some shoppers when terror penyaderaan at a store in France, January 9, 2015. Telegraph.co.uk
TEMPO.CO, Paris- Lassana Bathily, 24 years old, became a hero in a hostage incident at a Jewish grocery store, Hyper cacher, East Paris, France on January 9, 2015. Muslim men from Mali, West Africa has saved a number of visitors including a baby store by hiding them in a food freezer space in the basement. ,

Lassana watched people scurrying to the basement store to save themselves. Lassana who worked as a busboy at the grocery store and then swiftly to help them by first turning off the cooling device so that everyone inside was not frozen. (Read: After Charlie Hebdo, Al-Qaeda Targeting Ireland).

"When they ran down I then opened the door of the freezing food. I turn off the lights and then I turn off the freezer, I put them in. I closed the door. I told them calmly. 'You are safe here and I will come out' "Lassana explained to television after a standoff ended.

As reported by The Guardian, Saturday, December 10, 2015, Lassana has taken a risk by protecting visitors from the supermarket armed terrorist attacks.

Police had thought Lassana part of the perpetrators of the hostage who intend to escape from the moving elevator. He was then arrested and treated like a prisoner from running. About an hour Lassana arrested. After he explained in detail about the people he was hiding in the freezing food, he was released. (Read: Related Hostage Case Charlie Hebdo, 2 Killed)

After the hostage-taking action ended, the people he was hiding in the freezing compartment of food out to meet Lassana and shook his hand while saying thank you.

In social media, a number of people recognize the courage and attitude of his hero Lassana immediately spread through social media. "The true hero of the hostage kosher supermarket yesterday.", So nudge an owner account on Twitter.

"Lassana Bathily, Muslim employees at the store kosher Paris, hiding people including a baby," another nudge. Lassana photo with the inscription "Malian Muslim" has been retweeted around the world as a symbol of the kindness of some people who are dealing with terrorism. (Read: Middle East Media Reaction Against Terror in Paris)

Hostage at the grocery store associated with the operation of hunting shooter editorial office satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris on Wednesday, January 7, 2014. A total of 12 people were killed in shootings carried out by brothers citizens of France who was once migrants from Algeria. Both were killed in a police pursuit.

Hostage at the grocery store, killing 5 people and one of them a friend of the two brothers shooter Charlie Hebdo. French police call the perpetrators are Muslim terrorist network. Thank've read this article.
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Date Published: November 14, 2015 at 07:45

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Did you know Surgery Skull Trepanation.

Trepanation is derived from the Latin "trypnanon". Modern drill for purposes of brain surgery now called "trepan". Pointless to dissect the skull and allow the operating surgeon. Usually caused by internal bleeding or infection of the brain. But what's interesting is that this has been done by humans since the Stone Age. The skulls were found scattered in mainland Europe, especially the Danube region, was found with a state of "hollow" of the outer bone to the brain using a manmade (X-shaped hole).

At first the experts suspect this is due to inter-tribal warfare, or execution (death penalty) the primitive. However, after further investigation, the evidence shows contradictory data; the hole is too subtle means of action perforate done carefully and cautiously (war / fighting usually impressed origin and haste). Also if the correct result of war / fighting, this kind of hole is not present in other parts of the body bone. Hole "X" is only found on the skull in the same coordinate! Medical experts who examined further indications show that men are recovering from injuries after skull perforation, perforation of the brain that is done while the man was still alive, and they died years after the perforation of the brain. Archaeologists realize that they found evidence of ancient medical procedure, not a brutal inter-tribal warfare.

Ancient Chinese literature mentions Ta-Chhinn of Syria being able to open a person's brain and remove the insect from the inside. In South America, almost all human skull Incas from Cuzco had no less than seven (7) holes artificial. No less interesting is the 4,000-year-old skull of Crichel Down - Dorset, England. A skull neatly clipped circular 8 centimeters, and the remaining pieces were then fed back into the hollowed bones. Means the "patient" never dissected his head and closed again. So go forward surgery humans 4,000 years ago?

In 1829 the adventures of William Ellis noted in an archipelagic South Pacific, shamans often dissect the skull tribal, gouged something, and close it again with a coconut shell. In fact, one of the tribal brain was patched with the brains of animals. If you've ever read Margett's Paper would have been more disgusted again. A further 50-year-old who lived in 1958 known named "Hat On, Hat Off". Everywhere always wore a brown hat, looks normal from the outside. But when he put the hat, the effect is surprising, because one third of the skull and the brain was interrupted lost. He used a former policeman, and had been operated on 30 times in the skull to connect his life. In the television show "Is Your Brain Really neccessary?" British publications, one participant named alias Roger medically brain only has a mass of 5% of adults, but her life was normal, he was among the most clever mathematics in its class and has an IQ of 126.

Pre-History.

Of 120 prehistoric skull found in France, 40 of them there are former trepanation hole, and the skull was from the year 6500 BC. According to the story trepanation in earlier times used to dispel evil spirits or pain caused by trauma.

Renaissance.

At this age trepanation is used as a remedy for diseases of the head, or brain attack. Of the eight skulls in trepanation in West Germany 6-8 century AD Seven of them showed signs of recovering from his illness and survive. This means that the success rate of trepanation at that time quite high.

Nowadays.

In today trepanation used when excessive pressure occurs in the head and life threatening. There are actually inside the skull cavity contents dampening fluid to the brain when the impact occurred. When the swelling then there is no longer room for the brain and fluids before and if allowed to be pinched brain stem which consequently could lead to death. Therefore trepanation used, as relieving pressure that occurs too excessive pain by the pressure.
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Know With Ancient Surgical Equipment.

Although now the modern era, patients undergoing brain surgery still feel scared with the procedure. Cranial cavity is one of the most weak areas in the anatomy of the human body, and the brain is the most important in the eyes of the surgeon.

Many people understand if unintentionally cause the slightest damage to the brain, the consequences are enormous.

But the thing that is seen as the most daring achievements in modern medicine, strangely is a procedure that has also been used in ancient history. Surgery - a practice open or make a hole in the skull - this is a practice that has made people around the world for thousands of years.

Skulls ever dissected been found in several different regions of the world, including in the 'New World' the rest of the pre-Colombian cultures, starting from the discovery of a specimen Peru in 1863.

Another example is the discovery of a skull with multiple surgical scars of 5000 years in France from the period of the Neolithic (New Stone Age). Evidence of the success of surgery is very clear skull and individuals that continue to live after the surgery is chronic.

Look at the history of the older, more evidence of the practice of surgery was also found from the Mesolithic period (Middle Stone Age), between 10,000 and 5,000 years ago. Surgical scars skull of the oldest discovered in Ukraine in 1966, and the skull was 8,020 and 7,620 years old - that is from the days when most archeologists believe that the man had just moved from living in a cave home.

More than just treatment.

To be sure, on the level of difficulty of the procedure can be concluded a degree all the medical skills of high, even though some anthropologists also connect with the mystical ritual, judging from the number of former surgical scars skull found in several places. In Baumes-Chaudes, France, of 350 skulls examined, found 60 skulls surgical scars.

With a number of former surgical skull large enough, some people think that this is a 'privilege' granted to certain segments of the population. Examples of the Pharaohs of Egypt, they will undergo cranial surgery several times in life because of a belief that their lives would be easier to leave their bodies after death.

Today, medical doctors take a difficult method is just to reduce the pressure of the patient's skull and drain the bleeding, but it is usually not taken methods that given the high risks. However argued ancient people had considerations other than medical purposes to open the head.

While there are some people consider our ancestors used surgery to cure mental illness - aims to relieve the patient's brain from the torment of ghosts and spirits are pervasive - other researchers said the skull surgery of the past is a way to offer a spiritual experience that is very encouraging. Such confidence is still valid today.

In 1962, Hughes published The Dutchman Bart Mechanism of Brainblood volume, said that by punching holes in the skull, the brain volume of blood increases. Thus, Hughes believes individuals who do this can increase their awareness, with a higher awareness approaching the consciousness of a child with a 'soft spot' her.

By standing on his head or taking herbs that can increase blood flow to the brain, similar conditions can be achieved for a while. But Hughes was more interested in a more permanent condition rather than simply with herbs, because it is he doing this procedure on himself in 1965.

Some people also follow Hughes; for example artist Amanda Feilding who recorded his surgical process itself in a document entitled Heartbeat in the Brain.

Surgical equipment.

In some ancient medical practice, if a patient suffers from headaches because of the tumor, the doctor will use a tool to tap certain parts of the head. When the man complained of pain, medical practitioners will feel confident that the tumor had been found.

Then the operation was carried out to give the patient an anesthetic primitive. Specialists will cut the scalp and breaking the bone with a simple surgical instrument and being careful not to damage the patient's brain.

How they cut and take away part of the bone is a mystery, because the skull is proven not easily perforated.

Once the operation is completed (probably under very sterile conditions), soft leather lining will be sewn back together. As long as no modern implants, skull cracking can not be pasted back, and eventually new skin will grow over the hole.

Ancient Inca has called tumi knife to perform surgical procedures. Tumi forms are now widely used as the plan, adopted by the Peruvian Academy of Surgery, plays high as an important part of the ancient Inca culture, and is used extensively to promote tourism in Peru.

Features blade is difficult to understand by a man with an elaborate headdress, stood at the top resembles a shovel-shaped blade. This sacred object has a history that predates even the Inca civilization. In 2006, 12 tumi found in the pre-Inca cemetery of ancient Peru.

Hippocrates proposed skull surgery for injuries to the head, and the ancient Greeks had some equipment to carry out the procedure. One is terebra shaped 't', which is the way it works almost like a drill primitive.

While the ancient Egyptian civilization can be proud of the relatively advanced medical equipment. The researchers believe that they are doing brain surgery with a hammer and chisel.

An interesting fact to note in the procedure of ancient Egyptian civilization is the presence of a person who serves as a 'hemostatic' (an agency that works to stop bleeding). Ancient specialist treatment that allegedly has the power to stop the bleeding with her to the operating room.

Medical surgery has evolved over 10,000 years, far beyond the modern standard medical procedures. But most of the medical community with the firm issued a ban against strong desire deemed unnecessary surgery, may occur due to some risk of death.

Although the euphoria demands of today's surgical support firm demand for the results of penetration of the skull, many medical professionals take into account that the benefits are calculated is not likely to occur and have a negligible risk. Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/09/know-with-ancient-surgical-equipment.html
DatePublished: 15 September 2015 at 08:57

Tag : Ancient Surgical tool.