Did You Know About Bird Cassowary.

In general, a cassowary bird fauna of West Papua province identity consisting of 3 species ( kinds ) and protected existence in Indonesia .
All three species of cassowary are Casuarius unappendiculatus ( Single wattle cassowary ) , Casuarius casuarius ( cassowary Double wattle ) and Casuarius Benetti ( dwarf cassowary ) .
Although it can not fly like a bird but still including the cassowary bird species has a very large body size .
Until now cassowary bird populations is still not known with certainty but it is believed that from day to day kind of bird is getting decreased .
Therefore since 1994 IUCN Redlist enter Casuarius casuarius ( Dual Cassowary wattle ) and Casuarius unappendiculatus ( cassowary Single wattle ) in the conservation status of vulnerable ( Vulnerable ) .
While Casuarius Benetti ( dwarf cassowary ) given conservation status of Near Threatened (Near Threatened ) .
Cassowary threat of extinction due to hunting is usually more well done for getting fur , meat or eggs of this bird .
Cassowary bird species , including large body size and beautifully captivating .
However Cassowary has properties that include aggressive and if you feel disturbed will be fierce .
If the birds are angry then it is likely to chase someone or something is bothering him .
Thus the animal at the zoo is not allowed to roam freely because it could endanger visitors .
Behind the beautiful physical appearance has been categorized as a cassowary the most dangerous bird species by the Guinness Book of Records .

Habitat.

To Casuarius unappendiculatus or Northern Cassowary (Single wattle cassowary) and Benetti Casuarius or Dwarf Cassowary ( dwarf cassowary ) is a species endemic to the island of Papua , but for Casuarius casuarius or Southern Cassowary ( cassowary Double wattle ) apart in Papua can also be found in the Moluccas ( the island Ceram ) and the eastern part of Australia .
Cassowary bird usually found in lowland forest areas included in the swamp .

Nature.

Cassowary is actually the kind of shy animals if undisturbed , but if the bird was disturbed then this will turn into a ferocious beast and very aggressive .
Cassowary have very sharp claws and kicks are quite powerful . While this is a Cassowary foot main weapon because it is very strong and long .
Cassowary able to kick and knock down enemies with a single shot , including humans .
During the last World War II , soldiers stationed in New Guinea had previously been warned not to be in close enough of a cassowary bird , but still there are some of them become victims of a cassowary bird .
Cassowary is one type of animal that is very difficult to maintain in the Zoo because the zoo keepers who keep them very frequently injured .

Physical Characteristics.

• Has a very large body size that can reach 1.5 meters . For Cassowary adult
  height can reach 1.7 meters .
• Has a stiff and hard coat with black .
• Have a high horn lightly browned on the top of the head .
• Have a degeneration with feather wings are not perfect and despite that makes
   this bird can not fly .
• Having a large and powerful beak .
• It has a long neck and sturdy .
• This bird is able to walk and run fast because it has a solid 3 pieces of fingers
  with sharp nails and facing forward .
• For female cassowary birds cassowary is almost similar to the male , but  
  typically have a larger body size and more dominant .

Cassowary Bird Food.

No different with the types of the other birds , the Cassowary Bird also capture prey by chasing and pecking prey mainly on insects that fly .
The main meal of the Cassowary is insects, fruits, and sometimes eat small rocks.
Is still not known whether these birds eat worms or not because this bird is not known to scavenge the ground .
Type of fruit is favored by birds cassowary guava fruit or other thick-skinned fruit that is usually lying on the ground .
After lying on the ground , will soon peck cassowary and pinned . After the Cassowary will stomp her head tilted and lifted her up .
While it's beak opened wide and Cassowary fruit will soon enter into the oral cavity and swallowed immediately . Fruits are swallowed can be seen clearly as it passes through the neck cassowary .
In addition to taking the fruit that has fallen on the ground , Cassowary also expected to seek to impose any other fruit can still vibrate in the tree .
Cassowary will nudge - right body or use a leg kick to vibrate the tree .
This conjecture is seen from the behavior of a cassowary that any time something hit the upright on his face .
Regarding small stones are swallowed may constitute important eating behavior in an attempt to destroy the food like fruits harsh in its crop .
So , thank you for reading this article . Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno .
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: January 29, 2014 at 19:27

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Parrot increasingly popular.

 Parrots , mamiang , or tiong gold ( Gracula religiosa ) is a member of the tribe Sturnidae bittern ( starlings and relatives ) . The area is a natural spread from Sri Lanka , India , the Himalayas , to the east to the Philippines and Java . These birds can be found in lowland to highland over 2000m . Because of its ability to mimic human speech , the birds become a popular pet .
Accepted parrot is a bird that is very popular because of their versatility speaking people . In the wild , these birds live in moist forests , especially in the hills of the lowlands to elevations 1000-2000 m above sea level . Parrots love fruits are fleshy thick and hard . He also drank the nectar of flowers . To meet the protein needs of parrots eat insects such as grasshoppers , crickets , dragonflies and ants eggs . Parrot lay two to three grains each spawning season . This bird is a bird that looks dashing and handsome , somewhat larger in size than usual parrots and more muscular body . Options Beo Nias North Sumatra identity is appropriate , because this bird is only found on the island of Nias . These birds are forest dwellers and live in the canopy of tall trees. This parrot has a role as seed scattered in the forest.
Parrot is a bird that is much liked by many people , both lovers of birds chirping and people were clouds of birds chirping , because this bird has an extraordinary intelligence that can imitate human speech or talk like a human being that makes this bird so pets are the most popular .
This bird used to live in the forest and also the low hills up to a height of 2000m above sea level , these birds usually eat food such as fruits that are not thick fleshy hard as banana or papaya and also eat insects such as crickets , ants , and dragonflies for protein in the body .

Parrot consists of Parrot Parrot Gracula and Ordinary :

For ordinary Beo consists of :

Indochina Beo - Gracula religiosa intermedia . Spread from northeastern India , Indochina northwest to south China .
Beo Lesser Sunda Islands - Gracula religiosa venerata .
Bastar - Gracula parrots peninsularis religiosa . Central India .
Flores Island Beo - Gracula religiosa mertensii
Large parrots Sunda Islands - Gracula religiosa religiosa .
Batu and Mentawai Islands Beo - Gracula religiosa batuensis .
Palawan Island Beo - Gracula religiosa palawanensis , Philippines .
Parrots Nicobar large - Gracula religiosa halibrecta Oberholser 192

For BeO in the Gracula consists of four species :

Gracula robusta - Beo Nias .
Gracula enganensis - BeO Enggano .
Gracula religiosa - Ordinary BeO .
Gracula ptilogenys - BeO Sri Lanka .
These birds are naturally dispersed in various countries ranging from the start of the Himalayas , India , Sri Lanka east to the Philippines , Java up to the Lesser Sunda islands .
Beo Nias is one subspecies ( subspecies ) parrot is only found ( endemic ) on the island of Nias , North Sumatra . Nias parrots that have a size larger than most other subspecies of parrots are the most popular and much in demand by the fans because of their versatility in a parrot imitating a wide variety of sounds including human speech . Unfortunately, the endemic parrots Nias , North Sumatra are increasingly scarce .
Beo Nias defined as identity fauna of North Sumatra province . Bird populations are found more in the cage than in the wild when this rare endemic birds , including protected animals under the Wild Animals Protection Ordinance 1931 , the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture. 421/Kpts/Um/8/1970 , Law no . 5 of 1990 , and Government Regulation . 7 of 1999 .
Subspecies of parrots that have a Latin name Gracula religiosa robusta is often referred to as Ciong or Tiong . In English , this endemic bird commonly called the Common Hill Myna .
Characteristics and Behavior Beo Nias . Beo Nias ( Gracula religiosa robusta ) including a medium-sized bird with a body length of about 40 cm . Nias parrots size is bigger than the other types of parrots .
The head parrot nias short haired . Throughout the ear lobe parrots nias clasped behind the head that looks toward the sagging neck . Wattle yellow ear lobe is striking .
At the head of Nias also contained a pair of parrots and yellow wattles on the side of the head . This endemic bird iris dark brown . Rather pointy beak is yellow orange . Almost the entire body is covered with feathers parrot nias solid black , except for the white feathered wings . This nias endemic bird legs yellow with fingers numbered four . Three fingers of them facing forward , while the rest facing backward .

Beo Nias ( Gracula religiosa robusta ) live in pairs or groups . Warbler endemic to this island by making regular nesting hole in a tree trunk high and upright . Nias parrot is eating fruits and occasionally eat insects .
Distinguishing characteristic parrot nias with other types of parrots are larger body size and a pair of ear lobe yellow wattle on Beo Nias are fused while the usual parrot apart .
Habitat and Distribution . Nias parrot ( Gracula religiosa robusta ) is a species endemic to North Sumatra that can only be found on the island of Nias and surrounding areas such as Pig Island , Tuangku Island , Island and Island Bangkaru Simo .
Nias parrot like forest clearing near the village or in the lowlands up to an altitude of 1000 meters above sea level as a habitat .

Population and Conservation .

Endemic bird populations are becoming fauna of North Sumatra 's identity was unknown until now with certainty . But certainly this warbler is increasingly becoming difficult to find in the wild . Even with the Ministry of Forestry IPB who had done research of 1996-1997 could only find 7 tailed parrot Nias alone .
Generally speaking parrot species listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Redlist and included in CITES Appendix II , but the population of Nias parrots in the wild that are increasingly rare .
In Indonesia , Nias parrots become one of the protected animals even though the Dutch colonial government . Various laws that include parrots nias in the list of protected animals from extinction include Wild Animals Protection Ordinance 1931 , the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture. 421/Kpts/Um/8/1970 , Law no . 5 of 1990 , and Government Regulation . 7 of 1999 .
Hopefully parrots Nias , the master impersonator who is still receiving attention from all of us to survive in the wild and do not be replaced by men who like to parrot .
Scientific Classification : Kingdom: Animalia ; Phylum : Chordata , Class : Aves ; Order : Passeriformes ; Family: Sturnidae ; Genus : Gracula ; Species : G. religiosa . Subspecies Gracula religiosa robusta .
Latin name ( name Trinomial ) : Gracula religiosa robusta . Indonesian Name : Beo Nias
Parrot fate in the balance . According to the Indonesian Forum for the Environment or Walhi , endangered parrots in Halmahera , North Maluku as a result of the project has now entered the stage of mining exploration . Therefore , Walhi oppose the project . " Land of mining concessions there include areas classified protected endemic species , vulnerable , and endangered species , " said Campaign Manager Walhi Pius Ginting Mine .
According to Pius , more regrettably , the World Bank has supported nickel mining project in Halmahera . World Bank Walhi plan meetings and consultations with several other non-governmental organizations in this Monday .
To deal with the financial support of mining projects in Halmahera , the World Bank established the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency ( MIGA ) .

Endangered

Pius said , in the area of ​​mining contracts in Halmahera island are the parrot habitat ( Chaterring lory ) . This bird is classified as an endangered species contained in the list of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) , 2007.
"Four other birds on Halmahera Unclassified vulnerable , namely the white cockatoo , drummer rail , sombre kingfisher , and dusky friarbird , " Pius said .
For amphibians , in Halmahera there are 9 species classified vulnerable . Also identified , there are at least 17 ​​plant species found in the location of contract mining work in Halmahera in the status of vulnerable and threatened .
Vice Chairman of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences suggests Lukman Hakim , the number of mining permits contribute greatly to the destruction of biodiversity . To save biodiversity , LIPI in cooperation with the local government is building a botanical garden . For North Maluku region will be built in Jailolo , Halmahera .
So , thank you for reading this article . Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno .
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: January 29, 2014 at 17:02

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Humming bird stone.

Murai Batu is one of the most popular pet birds in Indonesia . But do you know if a humming bird turns out there are many kinds of stone.
The types of humming bird stone summarized from various sources ;

Murai Batu Medan

 Touted as a species that has a chirping Murai Batu best compared with other types of stone magpie . Which tend to have larger bodies and athletic with a long tail ( about 27-30 cm ) . Called Murai Batu Medan because the number of this type of stone magpie traded in Medan . Actually this kind of birds are scattered in the area of ​​Bukit Lawang , Bohorok , the foot of Mount Leuser region of North Sumatra .

Murai Batu Nias

It is said that the humming bird rocks of this type have a higher level of intelligence than other types of stone magpie . This is evidenced by the speed at which imitate sounds around it faster than other types of stone magpie Another plus is that the bird is not easy to stress when moving the cage or taken away . Characteristic of Murai Batu Nias entire tail is plain black .

Murai Batu Lampung

Has a tail that is not too long ( about 15-20 cm ) . It is said that their population is currently threatened with extinction in the wild , so they are even more expensive prices in the market . Their deployment area is around Krakatoa .

Murai Batu Jambi

Arguably has the appearance that is very similar to Murai Batu Lampung , Jambi Murai 's just usually have smaller bodies , tails straight and neatly arranged . The distribution area is in the area of ​​Bengkulu , South Sumatra , and Jambi .

Murai Batu Aceh

Actually, this bird has been officially entered into the list of protected animals . But apparently there is still a sell - traded . Murai Batu type is known for her beauty , especially on the longer tail and two colored layers . Price Murai Batu Aceh's fantastic . Young birds just sold for 1 million . While the adult price could reach 5 million . Native habitat stones humming Aceh is at the foot of Mount Leuser .

Murai Batu Java ( Larwo )

Larwo first was so popular before Murai Batu on Java and Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan entered . Many say that Larwo excluding Murai rock types , but in fact the bird is still in the family Copsychus , which means they include family Murai Batu .
At first glance there is no significant difference with other types of Murai Batu , but if observed carefully, Larwo body size tends to be smaller than Murai Batu Sumatra . Currently the population is classified as Endangered Murai Batu Java .

Murai Batu Borneo

Actually, many types of Murai Batu Borneo , but it is commonly known is a question Murai Batu , Murai Batu Palangkaraya , and Murai Batu Crown . All three have a distribution area that is different ;
Murai Batu Palangka that by chirping mania in Borneo often called Murai habitat spread over an area of Central Kalimantan Central Kalimantan to West Kalimantan.
Murai Batu Banjar can be found in South Kalimantan and East Kalimantan .
Murai Batu Crown ( white crowned shama ) dispersed from West Kalimantan to North Borneo ( Malaysia ) . So , thank you for reading this article.
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.  sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
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name: Bambang Sunarno.
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DatePublished: January 29, 2014 at 15:50
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Tag ; Humming bird stone, Muray

You Need to Know About Worms Mine.

Definition.

Hookworm disease is an infectious disease caused by a worm Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus . These worms are common in the soil in plantations of coffee, tea and rubber . Hookworm called because when it was first discovered by miners who suffer from this disease so called hookworm .
Approximately a quarter of the world's population is infected by hookworm . The infection is most commonly found in warm and humid areas , with poor levels of hygiene . Ancylostoma duodenale is found in the Mediterranean region , India , China and Japan . Necator americanus is found in tropical regions of Africa , Asia and America .

Symptom.

Symptoms of this disease is not specific beginning as nausea , vomiting , lazy eating , stomach pain and a thin body . Form of adult worms in the intestinal wall sticking patient using his teeth . As a result of this bite causes blood vessel walls of the intestinal bleeding . Most blood sucked by adult worms and partly out of the intestine so that the blood found feces .
Other symptoms that can be found include:
- Fever , cough and wheezing breath sounds ( wheezing ) may occur as a result of
   the migration of the larvae through the lungs
- The adult worms often cause upper stomach pain
- Anemia due to iron deficiency and low levels of protein in the blood can result
   from intestinal bleeding
- Heavy blood loss and prolonged , can lead to slow growth , heart failure and swelling of tissue that extends to the children .
- Prominent rash and itch (ground itch ) can appear on the entry of larvae on the
  skin .
 For this one symptom , the disease is well-known among the media Cutaneous larva migrans terms. That is, there is migration of larvae in the skin (skin layer). Other names dermatosis linearis migrans or sandworm disease . From the name it is known that some patients with this disease when dealing with sand .
Other terms are also called creeping eruption ( CE ) . This term is used because of the invasion of hookworm larvae of this , there will be abnormalities in inflammatory skin eruption shaped in the form of straight or winding protruding above the surface of the skin . All people can be infected with this disease if it is directly exposed to the larvae. However , high-risk groups are usually associated with jobs or hobbies that brought him in contact with sand , soil or topsoil her . Among the tourists who were sunbathing on the beach with bare feet , the kids who love to play sand , farmers , gardeners , miners or other workers who interact with the soil .
The entry of the larvae into the skin , usually accompanied by itching and hot on the entry . Then you will see a bulge on the surface of the skin , while the typical form would appear that bulge above the skin surface winding reddish . Henceforth , it will be more reddish bulge winding tunnel formed in accordance with the movement of larvae . Each larva forming lesions winding like a snake lengthwise with a size of a few millimeters to several centimeters in a day .
Patients may lack the protein to arise swelling all over his body . Other clinical symptoms such as itching of the skin due to hookworm larvae penetrate the skin , migrate through the skin . Migrating larvae can get into the lungs , causing coughing symptoms . It feels very itchy , especially in the evenings . In a day long this tunnel could reach approximately 2 mm to 2 cm .
It is said , as for the place of this infection , generally located at the foot , between the legs, buttocks , knees , hands or been also reported to occur in the abdominal wall .

Life Cycle.

A hookworm can cause a loss of as much as 0.2 ml of blood each day . Adult worms can live in the intestines for one to five years in which the female worms produce eggs . In only a few mild infection but blood loss in severe infections can cause severe bleeding , iron deficiency and drastic weight loss .
An adult hookworm can lay eggs between 10000-30000 per 24 hours . This egg will last a long time in the soil moist , cool and shady around trees that are common to the area estates . For hookworm eggs will be issued with feces . When in the ground will hatch in 1-2 days and then it will become larvae " Rabeniti Forem " . On the 3rd day " Rabeniti Forem " would be " Pilari Forem " . In this form it can live in soil for 8 weeks . Within these ranges will be trampled by the feet and will penetrate the skin and into the blood capillaries .

Diagnosis.

If symptoms develop , then the patient will be found fecal examination hookworm eggs . If the stool is left in a few hours ago , the eggs will hatch and the larvae hatch .

Prevention.

Considering now the rainy season , when the ground is definitely more humid than usual , the parents who have small children , are expected to prevent children play too long on the ground or sand , let alone play barefoot . Encourage them always use footwear . Used washing hands and feet after playing outside is also a good prevention . For those whose work is often associated with soil or sand , such as farmers or farm workers , is also recommended for use while working footwear .
Another simple thing is to keep dogs and cats which to dispose of animal waste disposal is a special place .

Treatment.

Because hookworm attack at the age of the children then pengobatanya include:
For drug delivery taking anti- worm drug classes daily dose of albendazole 400 mg as a single dose for 3 days . Drugs other options are also many kinds. In addition to the anti- worm medication , treatment is another way by spraying agent freezer , such as chlorethyl or dryce along lesions can also be used as a treatment supporter . But this way is rather difficult because it does not know exactly where the larvae and their effectiveness are reported 60-70 % of all cases .
Keep in mind , during the treatment period we must pay attention to the movement of the lesion . If during a certain observation time does not seem lahi movement of the lesion , the larvae usually died . Sometimes to help observe the movement , marked lesion location marker ink so much easier for observation .
In addition to the above treatment , a drug that is often used is " pyrantel pamoate " dose of 10 mg / kg ( the age of the children ) for 3 consecutive days . There are also 10 g / kg divided in 3 doses with BB : 20 kg then 1 time a drink is 10mg/20kg è 200 mg / 3 = 66 mg So , thank you for reading this article .
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.  sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
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https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/01/you-need-to-know-about-worms-mine.html
DatePublished: January 29, 2014 at 15:04

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Tag ; You Need to Know About Worms Mine, worms mine

About Taenia (tapeworm).

Is one of the genus Taenia tapeworms are included in the Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Platyhelminthes, class Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea Nations, Tribes Taeniidae. Its members are known as an important vertebrate parasite that infects humans, pigs, cattle, and buffalo.

Interspecies differences. 

 There are three important species of Taenia tapeworm, Taenia solium ie, Taenia saginata, and Taenia asiatica. These three Taenia species is considered important because it can cause disease in humans, which is known as taeniasis and cysticercosis.

Life Cycle. 

 Adult Taenia tapeworms live in the human gut is a definitive landlady. Taenia body segments and containing mature eggs out of the anus human actively or passively together human feces. When the definitive host (humans) and the host (cattle and pigs) swallowing eggs that hatch the eggs will secrete embryo (onchosphere) which then penetrate the intestinal wall. Worm embryos that follows the lymphatic circulation gradually develop into infective cysticercosis in certain muscles. The most commonly affected muscle sistiserkus ie heart, diaphragm, tongue, muscles of mastication, esophagus area, the neck and the muscles between the ribs.
Taenia infection known as Taeniasis and Cysticercosis. Taeniasis is a disease caused by parasites such as tapeworms belonging to the genus Taenia that can be transmitted from animals to humans, and vice versa. Taeniasis in humans caused by Taenia solium species known as pork tapeworm, Taenia saginata whilst also known as bovine tapeworm.
Cysticercosis in humans is infection of the tissue by the larval form of Taenia (sistiserkus) due to ingested worm eggs of Taenia solium (pork tapeworm). Pork tapeworm can cause cysticercosis in humans, whereas bovine tapeworm can not cause cysticercosis in humans. While the ability to cause cysticercosis Taenia asiatica is not certain. There is suspicion that the cause of cysticercosis Taenia asiatica in Asia.
Human taeniasis exposed when consuming beef or pork containing sistiserkus half done so sistiserkus Taenia develop into adults in the human gut. Human cysticercosis exposed when ingested food or drink containing the eggs of Taenia solium. It can also occur through its own process of infection by individuals with swallowing back through expenses and food.

Sources Taenia tapeworm infections in humans, namely; 

Taeniasis patients to whom stool containing eggs or body segments (proglotid) tapeworm.
Animals, especially pigs and cattle that contain tapeworm larvae (sistisekus).
Food, drinks and the environment contaminated by tapeworm eggs.

Deployment. 

The spread in the World. 

Taenia tapeworms are spread widely across the world. And the spread of infections due to Taenia Taenia more prevalent in the tropics because the tropics have higher rainfall and climate suitable for the development of this parasite. Taeniasis and cysticercosis due to infection of Taenia solium pork tapeworm is one of zoonoses in many populated areas consume pork and environmental sanitation level is low, such as in Southeast Asia, India, South Africa, and Latin America.
One more proof of the extent of the spread of Taenia in the tropics is the discovery of a third species causing taeniasis in humans in several Asian countries is known as Taiwanese or Asian Taenia Taenia. Asian Taenia reported to have been found in Asian countries are generally tropical climates such as Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Korea and China. Now called the Asian Taenia Taenia asiatica.  T. asiatica high mainly found on Samosir Island, Indonesia.
Cysticercosis is an infection that is commonly found in pigs and humans, especially in developing countries. Sistiserkus deployment in humans is influenced by the contact between the pig and human feces, no medical examination meat slaughtering and consumption of raw or undercooked meat. Wide spread of the disease due to Taenia can produce tens or even hundreds of thousands of eggs each day which can be spread by rain water into the environment even at locations far away from the release of the egg.

The spread in Indonesia. 

Taenia tapeworm infections highest in Indonesia occurred in the province of Papua. Jayawijaya in Papua, Indonesia found 66.3% (106 of 160 respondents) had positive solium taeniasis / cysticercosis selulosae of pigs. While 28.3% of patients with cysticercosis is visible and palpable lumps under the skin. A total of 18.6% (30 people) were selulosae cysticercosis patients who show symptoms of epilepsy. Of the 257 patients who suffered burns in Papua, as many as 82.8% had epilepsy due to cysticercosis in the brain.
The prevalence of cysticercosis in humans based on the Balinese serology is as high as 5.2% to 21%, while the prevalence of taeniasis in the same province ranged between 0.4% -23%. A total of 13.5% (10 of 74) of patients who have been diagnosed with epilepsy in Bali cysticercosis in the brain. Prevalence of taeniasis T. asiatica in North Sumatra ranging from 1.9% -20.7%. Case T. asiatica in this province is generally caused by the consumption of wild boar meat half cooked.

Impact on Health. 

Taenia tapeworms can cause a disease called taeniasis and cysticercosis. Most clinical symptoms complained of are:
Spending body segments worm in feces (95%)
Itching in the anus (77%)
Nausea (46%)
Dizziness (42%)
Increased appetite (30%)
Headache (26%)
Diarrhea (18%)
Weak (17%)
Feeling hungry (16%)
Constipation (11%)
Weight loss (6%)
Discomfort in the stomach (5%)
Jaded (4%)
Vomiting (4%)
There is no appetite to eat when hungry (1%)
Muscle stiffness (1%)
Pain in abdomen, drowsiness, and convulsions, anxiety, itching skin and respiratory disorders (each <1%).
Cysticercosis cause symptoms and effects that vary according to the location of the parasite in the body. Humans can be infected by one to hundreds sistiserkus in body tissues different. Sistiserkus in humans most often found in the brain (called neurosistiserkosis), eyes, muscles and the lower layers of the skin.
Health impact of the most feared and dangerous due to Taenia worm larvae that can cause death neurosistiserkosis. Neurosistiserkosis is an infection of the central nervous system as a result of larval Taenia solium sistiserkus. Neurosistiserkosis is a causal risk factor for stroke in both humans young and middle-aged, epilepsy and abnormalities in the skull. Cysticercosis is the cause of 1% of deaths in public hospitals in Mexico City and the cause of 25% of tumors in the brain.

Control. 

How to Control Taenia tapeworms.
Control of Taenia tapeworms can be done by breaking the cycle of life. Termination of the life cycle of the worm Taenia as disease-causing agents can be done through early diagnosis and treatment of infected patients. Some drugs can be used, namely worm Atabrin, Librax and Niclosamide and Praziquantel. While it can be used to treat cysticercosis albendazole and dexamethasone. To reduce the possibility of infection by Taenia to humans and animals is necessary to increase the immune system of the host. This can be done through vaccination of livestock, especially pigs in endemic areas taeniasis / cysticercosis and improving the quality and nutritional intake in humans.
A clean environment is needed to break the life cycle of Taenia because of the dirty environment becomes a source of the spread of disease. The release of Taenia eggs in the feces into the environment a source of spread of taeniasis / cysticercosis. The main risk factors for Taenia eggs transmission to pigs is pigs extensive maintenance, human defecation near maintenance pigs that eat the feces of humans and swine swine breeding close to humans. The same thing applies to the transmission of Taenia eggs to cows. This worm eggs can be carried by water to damp places so that the worm eggs survive longer and spread more widely.
Control of diseases caused by Taenia in the environment can be achieved by improving sanitation, prevention of the consumption of contaminated meat, the prevention of contamination of soil and feces on food and beverages. Sanitation facilities, such as latrines and septic tanks, as well as the provision of clean water source is needed. Prevention consumption of contaminated meat can be done through the centralization of slaughter at the abattoir (slaughterhouse) are supervised by a veterinarian.
So, thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/01/about-taenia-tapeworm.html
DatePublished: January 29, 2014 at 12:42

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Tag ; About Taenia (tapeworm), Taenia

Type rabbits in Indonesia.

Currently there are many types of circulating rabbit and farmed in Indonesia, as well as a bunny rabbit or decorative pieces. Here will be described the types of rabbits are relatively popular and many fans kept rabbits and rabbit breeders.

1. Anggora rabbit (ANGGORA). 

Angora rabbit is one of the oldest types of domestic rabbit, originating from Ankara, Turkey, which was first discovered and brought by British sailors. Then brought to France in 1723. 1777 Angora spread to Germany. 1920 extends to Eastern European countries, Japan, Canada and the United States. Until now France became the biggest center of Angora rabbit farms that produce wool. In Indonesia types of Angora rabbits in great demand as an ornamental rabbit.
There are many types of Angora rabbits, for example French Angora, German Angora, Giant Angora, English Angora, Satin Angora, Chinese Angora, Angora Swiss, Finnish Angora, etc.. English angora rabbit angora is a descendant of the French (French angora).
Colors vary white fur, brown, black, black and white, agouti, white spots, gray, orange, and mixtures or combinations of these colors.
Angora rabbit fur has a characteristic thick and soft in all parts of his body surface. In addition there is another characteristic, that is the hair that grows on the tips of the ears and front legs, along with long fur contained in the body. This rabbit has a gentle temperament, but not suitable for people who do not like combing their pets.
At the age of adult Angora can weigh 2.0 kg - 4.0 kg both males and females, and the age of 5-7 years depending on the type of Angora her. Maximum number of children in one delivery as much as 6 tails. Rapid growth of the fur 2.5 cm per month, so it should be diligent shave every three month 6-8 cm so that the fur does not clot.

2. Rabbit LOP (ENGLISH LOP, HOLLAND LOP). 

Lop rabbits there are various kinds / types, including english lop, holland lop, dwarf lop, american fuzzy lop, Angora / angora lop, French lop, etc..
Among various Lop rabbits mentioned above, the most famous relative is English Lop (Lop Rabbit England).
The hallmark of this type are generally lop wide head shape and ears that hang from the base of the head to the side to cheek, not like other rabbits generally have erect ears.
At an early age lop rabbit ears that have not showed koploh, until the age of 2-4 months can only be seen a change in the position of the ears. Overview of this kind such as dogs, interesting, and very funny so popular with many people.
Holland lop rabbits have long ears and fall, short nose. While French lop ear has a super long until it hits the ground, but this type is quite difficult to live in Indonesia. Body length 12-23 cm. Variations in the color white or gray. Red or brown eyes.

3. GIANT Flemish rabbits. 

Flemish Giant Rabbit, including the type of "giant" because of his immense for the size of rabbits in general, the weight can reach 13 kg. The rabbit with a special feed weighs've reached 22.23 kg.
The rabbits used to be descendants of wild rabbits Argentina, during the 18th century Dutch traders brought the giant rabbit from Argentina to Europe and cultivate them. Official record of the new type itself there in 1860.
Flemish giant rabbits initially only developed in the UK to meet demand for rabbit meat in the country. The rabbit then spread throughout the world, because of the need to make a bunny rabbit meat and farmed this type favored large scale in various countries.
Although this type of Flemish Giant rabbit meat in general, but in Indonesia tend to be pet rabbit or rabbit decoration, especially for those who love the great body shape.
General characteristics of the Flemish Giant is having a long body (as an adult over 51 cm), and large, thick boned, and full chest. Wide head, long ears and thick, and standing (as an adult ear length more than 15 cm), and possessed great legs, long and sturdy.
The color of rabbits flemish giant that is recognized is black, blue, light yellow brown (fawn), light gray, like sand (sandy), gray iron (steel gray), and white.

4. REX rabbit. 

Rex rabbit fur has distinctive features in a smooth and soft as velvet. Rex was first discovered in France from the offspring of wild rabbits in 1919. They began to be known when published in the Paris International Rabbit Show in 1924. And years later rex began imported into the United States in large numbers.
Because the beauty of fur, then this type of rabbit widely cultivated as a producer of meat and fur besides as pets (as an ornamental rabbit). They are exotic feathers are used as raw material jacket or clothing accessories.
Rex rabbits there are various kinds / types of fur color depends, among other white rex, dalmatian rex (mottled), black rex, pappilon res, ermine rex, rex blue, etc.. Some farmers in Indonesia to give his own name, for example rex tricolor (three colors), and so on. Rex Rabbit is the most famous Rex White, fluffy white smooth and thick.
Rex rabbit fuzz will be more beautiful and better quality fur if living in a low temperature environment, which ranges from 5-15 C. But that does not mean it can not live in the tropics the temperature hot, it's just not as beautiful feathers when living in cold regions.

5. DUTCH rabbit (Rabbit NETHERLANDS). 

 Rabbits are also known as the Dutch or Dutch rabbit, originally came from the land of windmills (the Netherlands).
The Dutch Rabbit short fur and rich colors, such as black and white, brown, gray or the color combination. Typical fur color, coiled like a white saddle on the back of the neck to hold onto the front foot and the back of the head black, brown or gray, white muzzle and forehead. Generally, the front legs entirely white, but there is not. The hind legs are generally black or any other color with white toe. There also once had 3 kinds of color, often called Tricoloured Dutch or calico.
Due to the unique combination of rich color and fur color, this Dutch rabbit is a rabbit that is most favored by breeders and pet lovers.
The Dutch rabbit, including the type of mini-sized rabbit or dwarf, adult stem weight only 1 - 2,5 kg. Rabbits motherly female high fertility. Every time delivery, produce child rabbits tail 7-8.

6. Rabbit ENGLISH SPOT. 

These rabbits are from England and began bred in the 19th century, also known as the English rabbit (rabbit Britain). This rabbit is a cruciferous Flamish giant, English lop, Patagonian, angora, Dutch, silver and Himalayan.
Basic color is white-spot clean and air. Other variations such as black, brown, gray. The spot throughout the body and there is no spot in the big nose. English spot rabbit has a black stripe, brown, or gray on the back, black hair color, brown or gray are also seen around the eyes, nose, and ears. In the abdomen there are spots (spots) of black, brown or gray.
Including the type of large-bodied rabbits, almost similar to the type of fluffy rex but more subtle.

7. Himalayan rabbit (Rabbit CHINA / RUSSIA) 

This bunny rabbit has another name Chinese or Russian rabbit. Himalayan rabbit is white with color interspersed around the nose, ears, tail, and the legs after they grow up with pink eye.
The Himalayan rabbit is one kind of the most popular and sought after in Indonesia.
Originally Himalayan rabbits have a standard weight of 2.5 to 4.5 kg, and a slender body like a tube while lying down. However, in the later development coincides with the crossing-crossing, this time also many mini-sized, weighing about 1 kg. In the wild rabbits are active at night and sleep during the day.
Including small entities such as rabbit rabbit Hotot, is a distinguishing characteristic of the presence of a distinctive color on the ears, face, and feet. There are color variations of black, brown, and blue.

8. Rabbit LION (Lionhead). 

Rabbits were initially lion British Angora rabbit not so, short ears, his face filled with long feathers, much like the lion (lion) which tends funny. Because his head like a lion, then this condition is maintained and subsequently renamed rabbit lion (lion).
Rabbits Lion has short ears and the distinctive elongated feathers that grow around the neck and face like a lion with a short and round body. When I was younger (around age 2 months), similar to the angora lyon. Long hair evenly in the body. So adults will be more obvious difference. The head and long neck feathers. The color varies from white other, black, gray, reddish brown, yellowish, etc..
Body size bunny rabbit is in the category of small to moderate. Because this is a close relative of rabbits with angora, then every 3 months must be diligent to shave his fur is growing rapidly.

9. SATIN rabbit. 

This species originally came from the United States, the body has a weight of 3.8 to 5.0 kg. They have the characteristic thick fur and feathers so the distance between the meeting, the head somewhat rounded and erect ears are not so long.
In appearance similar to a rabbit Satin Rex rabbit breed, so it is often also called Satin Rex rabbits, but the fur is a bit thick and dense, varied color, such as brown, red, beige, silver, and there is also a combination with white spots.
Satin rabbit's body length, head width, short neck, ears wide by his looks. Looked strong bones, legs straight, and dark black nails.
Satin rabbits have 11 varieties such as black, blue, California, broken, chinchilla, chocolate, copper, otter, red, and white Siamese. Satin rabbits, which first appeared is Havana brown rabbit mutation, this mutation on the hair shaft in the form of lighting.
To make the hair healthy and ideal body needed a high-protein feed with sunflower seeds and satin rabbit fur is not required special treatment but just routine brushing.
Inventors satin rabbit is Walter Huey of Indiana from 1930 Havana rabbit development. Furthermore, Walter K send rabbits to Harvard University where geneticists establish the presence of a new mutation is recessive gene with shining fur and short fur texture. This mutation is similar to the mutation rex rabbit.
Furthermore, satin rabbit genes introduced in many colors including a black, blue, California, chinchilla, chocolate, copper, otter, red, Siamese, white and broken varieties. Satin rabbit is now crossed with various types of satin angora rabbit, among others, dwarf rex satin and satin for various industrial purposes purposes rabbit.

10. ND Rabbits (Netherland DWARF). 

Netherland Dwarf Rabbits including dwarf rabbit breeds that originally came from the Netherlands, often called a mini rabbit (for guinea pigs). Her adult weights under 1 kg. Her form of short, roundish head, a short neck so called lost rabbit neck, small ear size.
Its fur is not thick, the color varies a lot because this rabbit is crossed, the most desirable color is white with red eyes. This rabbit was found in 1940, later developed by J. Meijerig and C. W. Calcar, and spread to other countries, including Indonesia as ornamental animals, and a lot of the fan.

11. NEW Zeland rabbits (WHITE, RED, BLACK) 

New Zeland rabbits, including a rabbit was big, fast growing large because so often bred for their meat consumption (adult weight of about 5 pounds more, children can reach 10-12 tail). As the name implies, this type of rabbit from New Zeland and initially grown apart in New Zeland itself, also in the United States and Australia. But now it is spreading throughout the world, including Indonesia.
New Zeland rabbits there are a variety of colors and named after the color they will be, for example, New Zeland White (white), New Zeland Red (red), New Zeland Black (black) and so on. The most popular is the New Zeland White rabbits, white fur smooth, dense, thick, generally colored red eye.

12. Rabbits Hotot 

Hotot Rabbit has a special mark that is the dark circle around the eyes, so it looks like a thick eyeliner or a ninja. This kind of small-bodied rabbits, mostly white.

13. Rabbits HARLEQUIN 

Harlequin is called when there are different colors in a single individual with a regular pattern to form a straight line, such as brown, black, dark brown, reddish brown, gray, blue, silver, etc.. Therefore, a rabbit with a combination of colors like that rabbit called Harlequin.
Harlequin rabbit is dazzling with its unique combination of colors and striped brindle. Harlequin Rex Rex-like body shape, body shapes such as Harlequin Lop Lop, Harlequin shaped like Angora Angora, etc..

14. Rabbit TAN 

The Tan rabbit including small rabbits, fur shiny reddish brown (there is also a dark gray). The color is clear, bright, located under the chin down to the chest, nape, and under the tail. The belly up in the next part of the front leg also reddish brown, white soles of his feet. Tan rabbit race type is very suitable for the pet and loved.
Tan rabbit was found in 1880 near Braillsford Culland Hall (Derbyshire), still wild and timid. Having bred rabbits born with the color blend of black and dark brown, blue and bluish white (lilac). Rabbits of this type is very handsome and attractive.

15. Rabbits POLISH 

Polish rabbits, including a rabbit bodied petite, delicate feathers and colored farrago. His ears were erect, short round tapered inclined. Rounded head and ruby ​​eyes or blue, but there are also black.
Polish rabbit race is almost similar to the Netherland Dwarf rabbit, just a little bigger.

16. HAVANA Rabbits 

The Havana rabbit rabbit hobbyist preferred because it is a quiet, gentle temperament, and his fur is soft and shiny. Satin Rabbits actually comes from the Havana rabbit.
Havana rabbits were first developed in the Netherlands in 1898. Then the rabbit Havana began to spread in Europe in 1908, in America in 1916, and has since then spread to other continents and countries, including Indonesia.
Havana Rabbit traits:
Have a small body, short, compact yet muscular shoulders.
Has a small head with a neck almost invisible.
Initially having a solid color (color uniform throughout the body) which is brown, black, and blue, but this time also appear mottled due to cross other rabbits.
Has a thin fleece, very soft, and shiny with a length of about 2.5 cm.
The average weight for this type of rabbit is 2.75 kg.

17. JERSEY wooly rabbit (Rabbit DWARF ANGORA) 

Jersey Wolly rabbit is a rabbit type dwarfs (small / dwarf) are new. First introduced to Arba in 1984 by Bonnie S from New Jersey but has recognized the 1988 convention Arba. Rabbits jersey wollies originally developed as a pet with fur care (wool) is easy. Now rabbit jersey wooly rabbit is one of the most popular races since launched in 1988.
Jersey wooly rabbits Netherland Dwarf Rabbit was developed by the French Angora Rabbit where in the cross (cross) is small pets with long hair. Although jersey woolies rabbits have fur rather long but not as hard to maintain the affairs of the angora rabbit. This is because the fur has a slightly rough texture so it is not easy to become tangled. Rabbit is known in Europe as a dwarf Angora rabbits and animals is known benign and clever, once appropriate for pets.
Weight standard adult rabbit jersey wooly 1.5 kg. Long live rabbits ranged from 7-10 years, but it could be much longer if the treatment was excellent.

18. Rabbits AMERICAN SABLE 

American sable rabbit type first appeared in 1924 from crossing Chinchilla rabbits by Otto B. This rabbit was recognized in 1931 and 1970 gaining popularity. Following that is recognized by the Arba in 1982.
American Sable rabbit is big and large, docile temperament and happy to be pampered man, and his hobby is sleeping, and is very suitable for pets.
Body mostly brown sepia colors, also black, and on the ears, tail, face, back and legs dark brown sepia or black her. The bottom of the somewhat faded sepia brown or black. For the senior male called after 6 months and the female 8 months. Weight 8 kg adult rabbits. Generally have brown eyes and when exposed to light reflection will reveal a ruby ​​red color.

19. Rabbit chinchilla (Chinchilla AMERICAN) 

Chinchilla name is actually the name for the color. Basic color chinchilla is a dark gray color pearl gray and black. Chinchilla fur color because of lack of yellow pigment and optical effects due to black fur and gray that has a silvery-gray appearance.
Chinchilla rabbits often called American Chinchilla, body shape and severity vary, there is a mini, medium would also gigantic. Suppose a giant chinchilla rabbit or often called Giant Chinchilla, derived from crosses between the Standard Chinchilla and Flemish Giant. Then Fuzzy Lop rabbits chinchillas actual American Fuzzy Lop rabbit chinchilla colored. So, thank you for reading this article.
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.  sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/01/type-rabbits-in-indonesia.html
DatePublished: January 29, 2014 at 10:49
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Tag ; Type rabbits in Indonesia, rabbit

Love drunk populous country.

Intoxicated because alcohol is not really a good thing to do because is not good for health but in these countries the people are very fond of drunk . What causes these countries population drunk on love ?
Some countries it is ;

1 . The Czech Republic .

Czech Republic are in the first place as a global beer drinkers . Not only consume beer , since teenage youth of this country also received the subject matter of how to make beer that is tasty and cheap . The citizens of Czech experts in judging beer favors or not . They could spend a keg of beer in a fun way . In one day the whole Czech beer consumption reached 100 barrel contains about 100 liters .

2 . Russia .

Russian citizens in the list of top five countries who like drinking liquor . In addition to relaxing , they also do this for the sake of the body warm because the sun rarely appeared in Russia . Favourite drink vodka is Russian . They also produce their own most delicious vodka exported to various countries . Every year Russian citizens consume at least 14 liters of vodka . While the average consumption in the year two billion liters per year . ?

3 . Germany .

If only the German plan to dominate the world , they can start passing the beer . A regular at the festival called Oktoberfest Munich City crowded . There are many German people were treated to the most delicious beers throughout the State the Berlin Wall . Germany in the list of highest beer consuming universal . There has been no official explanation of how the numbers per capita drinking habits of the people of this country , but the beer is always there at every opportunity . Starting from breakfast , lunch to dinner .

4 . South Korea .

The only Asian country citizens in the list of the highest liquor consuming the global South Korea . Seoul Capital has a traditional culture of the rum drink made ​​from fermented potatoes . There are assuming this drink craze because South Korea continued civil war with North Korea . The war of course made the mental pressure the soldiers and citizens so they need to calm down with drinking all the time .

5 . Vatican .

This is very surprising as well . It turns out that the Vatican in the list of the highest liquor consuming universal . Became the best selling wine in representing the Holy See because of the blood of Jesus Christ . Residents Vatican became seplanet most wine drinkers . Average per capita spending of 12 million liters of wine a year and in a great feast the number could double .
So , thank you for reading this article . Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/01/love-drunk-populous-country.html
DatePublished: January 28, 2014 at 19:08

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Tag ; Love drunk populous country, intoxicated