Sunday, 5 April 2015

Collaboration Australia Yogyakarta.

Australian artist, Monique Morter find the value of collaboration and community to explore color, culture and art in Indonesian politics.
In a new exhibition titled Collective, an artist from Melbourne, Monique Morter reward residence time together Boats Art Connection, a network of contemporary artists based in the city of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Graduates of the Faculty of Arts of the University RMIT, through his paintings Monique tried to document the dynamic contemporary art community in Yogyakarta, as well as a sense of solidarity as artists and friends.

Painting a portrait of the artist Monique Giyanto Sulis, Agus Purnomo and Revelation Chess Baqul Natalianto (Special)
"On the boat Art Connnection I learned tremendous benefits that can be done by the artist when he was working as a cohesive group," Monique. "It could get support from fellow when pursuing a career in art is something that is priceless," he said.
Boat means ships in Indonesian, and a collection of artists there trying to be a vessel or container to discuss art, collaboration and training for its members.
"During his tenure there, I realized that the effort to achieve success as an independent artist without the support of a collection of other artists often complicate and make us isolated," Monique said recently.

"It seems that members of the boat Art Collective accustomed to give each other support and assistance incessantly, because they consider themselves brothers and sisters."
Monique meeting with Indonesian art began when he witnessed the Indonesian contemporary works in the Art Gallery of South Australia in 2012. He was interested to know more about Indonesian culture art stage influenced by politics.

"After doing some research, I went to Yogyakarta to explore the rich contemporary art in the city and quickly made friends with local artists there, Tri Pamuji (aka longish)," Monique said.

"I watched the hospitality, kindness and relaxed nature artists in Yogyakarta, Gondrong proudly showing the location of his favorite art, galleries and studios in the city are living."

Longish who introduced Monique with Boat Art Connection.

"I am very pleased to be invited to collaborate make murals with them, which eventually led to me getting an invitation to attend a residency program in the next year," said Monique.

"In May 2014, I returned to Yogyakarta to conduct a two-week residency program with artists there to develop my own project in Boat Art Connection studio and gallery."

Monique existence in Indonesia reached its peak when a visit to the gallery and Artspace known as Stalls 36. There, he met with the owner of the gallery Wira Purnama, which gives him a good inspiration for the artwork and the full entrepreneurial philosophy behind the artwork.

"After graduating from art school, Wira successfully developed its own art work in the form of plants of plastic and metal," said Monique.

 "The plants were placed in a small mountain with incredible views of Mount Merapi and aerial views of Yogyakarta. Form of small plants, and has a construction such as straw, surrounded by piles of garbage recycling, all waiting to be cleaned, sorted and sold.

"Industrial recycling allows Wira can buy land to put his art and opened his own Artspace, Stalls 36."

"Now as the owner of a successful art gallery, Wira only willing to exhibit works of art in his gallery 36 if the artwork was made from recycled materials. Strong anti-capitalist sentiment in the artwork officer assured me that his work was not intended to highlight the socio-economic demographics of wealthy art collectors, but for everyone, from any background. "

Inspired by Wira approach, Monique finally make Transcendensi work, which is a joint art exhibition of the works of five artists of Australia, which will be exhibited in Indonesia.

"The only constraint is that all the work that must incorporate recycled materials, in line with the concerns Wira for art practices that are environmentally friendly," he said. "This collective works using recycled waste raw materials."
A few months later Monique arrived back in Indonesia - this time bringing artwork weighing 80 kilograms. It took three days and the help of some new friends to install the work in the Stalls 36. At first, Monique surprised at the difference between art events in Melbourne and the opening of the exhibition in Yogyakarta.

"Starting at 16:00, our guests arrived and were seated in a large circle of chairs were rented in the next room art. Because the dominant culture are not drinking, the guests were treated to tea, coffee, bananas and cassava," he said.

At first he was confused with a lack of interest on the works of art are on display - until the official speeches were made.

"Only after introducing himself as an artist, guests are welcome to enter the art gallery and engage with the works on display," he said.

"This resulted in the audience becomes more Karab and they allocate more time to socialize as well as to appreciate the artwork on display,"

"For me, this is an indication of how artists Yogyakarta further attention to the importance of 'culture discussion' for them. Time is always given to discuss their artwork, concept and exhibition opportunities with friends. As a result, many artists have the support of their peers and are always ready to listen to constructive criticism when necessary truth "

"Our guests stay in the exhibition for six hours, talking and offering advice, make jokes and laugh," said Monique
Monique is now determined to bring the lessons, friendships and connections like that to his own art community in Melbourne. Through a new Collective exhibition, she hopes to inspire artists in Australia to collect their knowledge and work together using the method performed in Boat Art Collective.

"I hope to maintain my involvement in Yogyakarta art movement, through a residency program further, while helping my friends from Yogyakarta to exhibit his work in Melbourne, through the exhibition which worked together with the boat Art Connection," he said.

"The most important thing is I hope to form a bond between my friends who became an artist in Australia and my friends in Yogyakarta."
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: April 5, 2015 at 14:40
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Food makes no dementia.

Good food intake can improve mental and physical health. In this case, the brain also needs nutrients to support brain function. Super foods are able to improve your brain function, including:

Walnuts.

People who often eat walnuts every day can improve their working memory up to 19 percent. It has been revealed in a study conducted in Spain. Polyphenols contained in walnuts is believed to improve the communication between neurons. So it could not hurt to include walnuts in your daily menu.

Fish oil.

Essential fatty acids (EFAs) can not be produced by the body and can only be obtained through food. Omega-3 fatty acids can be obtained from fish oil. You can also get essential fatty acids from soybean oil, pumpkin seed, walnut oil and soybeans. This food supports brain function, heart, and joints. Fish oil contains EPA and DHA in the form of ready-made, which allows the body to use it with ease. The main source of fish oil include salmon, trout, mackerel, herring, sardines, pilchards and kippers.

Tomatoes.

Like to eat tomatoes? Several studies have shown that lycopene, a powerful antioxidant found in tomatoes, may protect the body from any kind of damage triggered by free radicals. These conditions can also lead to the development of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's. You can simply eat it or mix it in a salad.

Broccoli.

Broccoli is a good source of vitamin K, which is known to improve cognitive function and improve brainpower.

Coffee.

A British study found that 20 to 30 milligrams of caffeine can improve the ability of the brain.

Spinach.

Filled with magnesium, green vegetables may help dilate blood vessels, increasing blood flow throughout the body and brain, according to Japanese researchers.

These are super foods that can improve your brain function.
Thank you for reading this article.  Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: April 5, 2015 at 13:58
Tags : Food makes no dementia.
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW

Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
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Best Internet Browser.

Firefox.

Mozilla Firefox (originally named Phoenix and then for a time known as Mozilla Firebird) is a cross-platform web browser for free which was developed by the Mozilla Foundation and hundreds of volunteers.
Version 3.0 was released on June 17, 2008.

Google Chrome.

Google Chrome is an open source web browser developed by Google using WebKit rendering engine.
Open-source project called Chromium itself.

Internet Explorer.

Internet Explorer, abbreviated IE or MSIE, is a free web browser from Microsoft's proprieter.

Opera.

Opera is a web browser and Internet software package inter-platform.
Opera consists of a collection of software for the Internet such as web browsers, as well as software to read and send electronic mail.

Safari.

Safari is a web browser made by Apple Inc. which was originally intended specifically for the Mac OS operating system.
Safari is bundled with Mac OS X and is the default web browser in the operating system since Mac OS X v10.3.

Maxthon.

Maxthon is a browser that uses the IE engine owned, Trident, and 100% compatible with IE, coupled with a variety of features that are not owned by IE.

Flock.

Flock is a web browser that specializes in providing social networking features and other Web 2.0 features on the display interface.
The browser was created using Mozilla's Firefox codebase On June 16, 2008, Flock 2 are using Mozilla Firefox 3 as its base, launched the open beta status.

Avant Browser.

Avant Browser is browambang86 @ ser fast, stable, user-friendly, and a multiwindow browser.
Indeed engine used is the IE engine. However, Avant Browser has advantages compared to IE.

Deepnet Explorer.

Deepnet Explorer is a web browser, Deepnet Explorer supports tabbed browsing feature for multiple pages

Phaseout.

Phaseout is an Internet browser that allows multiple searches on the major search engines with just one click.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
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DatePublished: April 5, 2015 at 13:08
Tags : Best Internet Browser.
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW

Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
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Friday, 3 April 2015

Color Therapy For Quality of Life.

All the good things animate and inanimate things have aura. Surely a person also has an aura color. The aura is the energy field created by atoms and molecules vibrate which consists of all the material. The universe itself vibrates to a certain frequency and gravity that holds everything together is electromagnetic in nature.

Aura body of every person is unique as a fingerprint. No color the same aura of two different people. If you or those closest to you has the ability to see the color of the aura that this is true.

The quality of the color of the aura everyone else is different. Anyone have a good color quality aura means the majority of the colors of the aura body is still in the normal color levels. Even better yet there is a combination of standard colors with light shiny or glossy. Usually people who have an aura colors like this is a person who has a lot of positive energy in the body, so the universe also vibrate and react positively.

There are people who have an aura of quality color being, meaning the combination of aura color standard + color + slight fading aura aura colors with a mixture of negative energy. And the last is the one that dominated the dim aura colors and more negative aura aura attached dyed standard.

Each color has the aura of nature affect the characteristics and aspects of one's life. If the standard color especially bright shiny aura has been ascertained by the character and aspects of life covered with a positive thing. And if the quality of the color of the aura dimmed or even worse it could affect the characteristics and aspects of life towards more negative. In this regard the universe as hard "friends" with people who have the aura color quality is not good.

God embodies and gives way of what we pray and wish through the universe (His creation). Usually people with good color quality aura will be given by the easiness of the universe. And vice versa.

Human aura like abstract paintings consisting of several alloys aura colors. Is a physical and spiritual paintings. Color aura will react internally or externally. If you are happy, sad, emotion, spirit and so the color of your aura will adjust according to how you feel.

If you have a problem then the quality of the color of your aura will be decreased so that it can affect other aspects of your life. To improve the color of the aura it can be done by way of aura therapy.

If you ever do such thing definite aura photo you can see your own aura color shape through the picture. But if you are interested in knowing how to see auras, how therapy aura / open aura using the power of the mind and heart, then you can choose Spiritual Spirituality in the main menu.

Therapy is the aura that is the result of its development is much faster, more effective and efficient. This aura of pure therapy improve the quality of aura colors, so it's not like a full-blooded aura. This is not your usual aura therapy seen in places paranormal practices.

This aura therapy "interactive" because of the success of this aura therapy focused on continuous interaction between the opening aura and treated. So there is a kind of a unique collaboration. This aura of modern therapy because it is natural and scientific.

If you have problems such as:
- Lucky was "jammed"
- Career hampered
- Feeling unlucky in love affairs
- Lack of authority
- The day of health decline
- Emotions are high and uncontrolled
- Lack of allure
- Feeling always unlucky in all matters

There are still many problems that can be solved with the change better than the color quality of a person's aura.

If you have one or many desires in life then Modern Aura Therapy can help you to simplify the way it is.

"When the whole body luminous universe will cooperate and" work "for you."
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
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http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/04/color-therapy-for-quality-of-life.html
DatePublished: April 3, 2015 at 18:44
Tags : Color Therapy For Quality of Life.
Code : 7MHPNPADAEFW

Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
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Thursday, 2 April 2015

APRA insurgency.

APRA coup d'état is the uprising that took place on January 23, 1950 in Bandung. Events this uprising led by Colonial Army Captain named Captain Raymond Westerling, with a view to maintain the shape of a federal country in Indonesia and has its own standing army in the state - the state of the Republic of Indonesia this. The origin of this movement was initially based on the existence of public confidence in the forecast Jayabaya who say that the existence of a queen Fair which will take them to the safe and peaceful atmosphere and can leads fairly and wisely.

On Thursday, January 5, 1950, sent a letter to the government Westerling RIS that it is an ultimatum. He demanded that the Government RIS appreciate states, especially Sundanese State and Government RIS must admit APRA as Sundanese army. RIS Government should give a positive answer preformance within 7 days and if it is rejected, then there will be a big war.
Westerling ultimatum is certainly cause anxiety not only among the RIS, but also in the Netherlands and dr. H.M. Hirschfeld (German-born), Nederlandse Hoge Commissaris (High Commissioner Netherlands) newly arrived in Indonesia.
on January 23, 1950, Westerling launched his coup. Dawn 4:30, KNIL Lieutenant Colonel T. Cassa called General Engels and reported: "The APRA powerful forces moving through the Great Post Road to Bandung."
Westerling and his men shot dead every member of the military that they found on the street. 94 (800) members of the military killed in the massacre, including Lieutenant Colonel Lembong, while at the APRA party, no one victim.

Once satisfied to massacre in Bandung, Westerling go visit the Sultan Hamid II (Minister of State at the Cabinet RIS), from talks, appeared a plan to kidnap Hamengkubuwono IX (Minister for Defence and Security), General Secretary of Defense Mr. Ali Budiardjo, and colonel Simatupang (army staff officers).
Crackdown and the pursuit of APRA gangs who are doing the reverse movement to be done by the military. In a battle in the area Pacet on January 24, 1950, troops managed to destroy the rest of the gang FARMER APRA.
In the city of Bandung also dispensed cleaning and detention of those involved, including some state leaders Sundanese. After escaping from Bandung, Westerling still continues his adventures in Jakarta. He planned a movement to capture all RIS Minister who was attending a cabinet meeting, and kill the Minister of Defence of Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX, the Secretary General of the Ministry of Defence Mr. A. Budiardjo, and Acting Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces Colonel TB Simatupang. The movement can be thwarted and then it is known that the brain is the Sultan Hamid II, who is also a member of the Cabinet as Minister without portfolio RIS. Sultan Hamid II can be immediately arrested, while Westerling had fled abroad by plane ride Catalina Dutch Navy.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: April 2, 2015 at 13:59
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10 November 1945 incident.

Incident at Hotel Yamato, Tunjungan, Surabaya.

After the rise of Indonesian government edict dated August 31, 1945 which stipulates that from 1 September 1945 the national flag hoisted the Saka Merah Putih continue in all parts of Indonesia, the flag raising movement has expanded to all corners of the city of Surabaya. Flag-raising climax movement in Surabaya occurred on tearing flag incident in Yamato Hoteru / Hotel Yamato (named Oranje Hotel or Hotel Orange in colonial times, now called Hotel Majapahit) on Jl. Tunjungan No. 65 Surabaya.

A group of Dutch people under the leadership of Mr. WVCh Ploegman on the afternoon of September 18, 1945, exactly at 21:00, flying the flag of the Netherlands (Red-White-Blue), without the approval of the Regional Government of Indonesia Surabaya, on the pole at the top level Hotel Yamato, north side. The next day the youth of Surabaya see and be angry because they assume the Netherlands had insulted the sovereignty of Indonesia, wanted to restore power back in Indonesia, and harassing the flag hoisting movement taking place in Surabaya.

Shortly after the assembled masses in Hotel Yamato, Resident Sudirman, warrior and diplomat who was then serving as Deputy Resident (Fuku Syuco Gunseikan) are still recognized by the government of Dai Nippon Surabaya Syu, as well as Surabaya Regional Resident GOI, came past the crowd and entered Yamato escorted to the hotel and Hariyono Sidik. As the representative of Indonesia he conferred with Mr. Ploegman and his friends and asked that the Dutch flag immediately derived from Yamato Hotel building. In these negotiations Ploegman refuse to lower the Dutch flag and refused to acknowledge the sovereignty of Indonesia. The talks took place heats up, Ploegman pulled a gun, and a fight broke out in the negotiating room. Ploegman died strangled by Sidik, who later was killed by Dutch soldiers on guard and heard a pistol shot Ploegman, while Sudirman and Hariyono fled Yamato. Most youth scramble up to the top of the hotel for the Dutch flag. Hariyono originally along Sudirman back into the hotel and was involved in climbing the flagpole and together Kusno Wibowo managed to lose the Dutch flag, ripped blue section, and pull them back to the top of the flagpole as the flag.

After the incident at the Yamato Hotel, on October 27, 1945 the first battle erupted between Indonesia against the British army. Small attacks at a later turned into a general strike that many casualties on both sides Indonesia and England, before finally General DC Hawthorn ask for help President Sukarno to defuse the situation.

Brigadier General Mallaby death.

After the ceasefire between the Indonesian and the British army was signed on October 29, 1945, the state gradually subsided. Nevertheless it still happens armed clashes between the people and the British army in Surabaya. Armed clashes in Surabaya that culminated with the murder of Brigadier General Mallaby, (leader of the British troops to East Java), on October 30, 1945 around 20:30. Buick car carrying Brigadier General Mallaby ran into a group of Indonesian militia when it will pass through the Red Bridge. Misunderstandings led to a shootout that ended with the death of Brigadier General Mallaby by a pistol shot a young Indonesian man who hitherto unidentified, and the burning of the car is hit by a grenade explosion that caused Mallaby unrecognizable corpse. Mallaby's death led to the British angry to Indonesia and resulted in the replacement decision Mallaby, Major General EC Mansergh to issue an ultimatum 10 November 1945 to ask the Indonesian side surrendered their arms and stop fighting in the army and administration AFNEI NICA.

The debate about the causes of the crossfire.

Tom Driberg, a Member of the British Parliament from the Labour Party (Labour Party). On February 20, 1946, during a debate in the British Parliament (House of Commons) doubted that the shootout was started by the Indonesian army. He said that the incident was allegedly strong crossfire arise due to misunderstandings 20 member Indian squad leader Mallaby who started the shootout did not know that the ceasefire in force because they are cut off from contact and telecommunications. Here's an excerpt from Tom Driberg:

"... About 20 people (soldiers) India (English owned), in a building on the other side of the square, has been cut off from communication by phone and do not know about the ceasefire. They shot sporadically in the mass (Indonesia). Brigadier Mallaby out of the discussion (truce), walk straight into the crowd, with great courage, and shouted to the Indian soldiers to stop firing. They are obedient to him. Maybe half an hour later, the mass in the square became more turbulent. Brigadier Mallaby, at a certain point in the discussion, ordered Indian troops to shoot again. They opened fire with two Bren guns and mass broke up and run for cover; then broke again with a really intense battle. Clear that when Brigadier Mallaby gave orders to open fire again, truce negotiations have actually broken, at least locally. Twenty minutes to half an hour after that, he (Mallaby) unfortunately killed in a car-though (we) are not really sure if he was killed by the Indonesian people who approached his car; which exploded simultaneously with the attack on him (Mallaby).

I think this can not be accused of being a cunning murder ... as I can as quickly as possible information from witnesses, that a British officer who actually exist in the scene at the time, the intention honest I had no reason to question ... "

Ultimatum 10 November 1945.

After the killing of Brigadier General Mallaby, his successor, Major General Mansergh issued an ultimatum stating that all leaders and the Indonesian armed to report and put the gun in the specified place and surrendered with arms raised. Limit ultimatum is at 6:00 am November 10, 1945.

Ultimatum is then taken as an insult to the fighters and the people who have formed many agencies struggle / militia. The ultimatum was rejected by the Indonesian side of the Republic of Indonesia on the grounds that it was already established, and the People's Security Army (TKR) has also been established as the state forces. In addition, many organizations have formed an armed struggle of society, including among the youth, students and students who opposed the re-entry of the Dutch government who ride with the presence of British troops in Indonesia.

On November 10 morning, the British army began a large-scale attack, which begins with aerial bombs into government buildings in Surabaya, and then deployed about 30,000 infantry, a number of aircraft, tanks, and ships.

Various parts of the city of Surabaya bombarded and shot with a cannon from the sea and land. Resistance forces and Indonesian militia then raged across the city, with the active assistance of the population. Involvement of residents in this battle resulted in thousands of civilians falling victim in the attack, both died mupun injured.

Bung Tomo in Surabaya, one of the revolutionary leaders of Indonesia's most respected. This famous photograph for many people involved in the Indonesian National Revolution represents the soul of Indonesia's main revolutionary struggle that time.

Unexpectedly the British who suspect that the resistance in Surabaya can be conquered within three days, the young community leaders like Bung Tomo pioneers which have great impact on the community continues to drive the spirit of resistance youths Surabaya so that the resistance continues in the middle of a large-scale attack Britain. Religious figures consisting of scholars and clerics among clerics cottage Java-like KH. Hasyim Ashari, KH. Wahab Hasbullah-clerics and religious scholars were also exert their students and civil society as a militia resistance (at that time the public is not so obedient to the government but they are more docile and obedient to the clerics) that Indonesia longstanding opposition party, from day to day , up from week to week more. Popular resistance initially spontaneous and uncoordinated, increasingly organized. This large-scale battle reaches up to three weeks, before the whole city of Surabaya, eventually falling in the hands of the British.

At least 6,000 fighters of the Indonesian civilians were killed and 200,000 displaced from Surabaya. Victims of British and Indian troops approx number 600. The bloody fighting in Surabaya, which took thousands of lives have been moving around the Indonesian people's resistance to repel the invaders and defend freedom. The number of fighters who died and civilians who were victims of the 10th day of November later remembered as Heroes Day by the Republic of Indonesia until now.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: April 2, 2015 at 13:18
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You Know Coup APRA.

APRA coup d'état or coup January 23 is the events that occurred on January 23, 1950 where militia groups Legion of Ratu Adil (APRA) which is under the leadership of former captain Raymond Westerling Colonial Army and former commander Troepen Depot Speciale (Special Forces) KNIL , go to the city of Bandung and kill everyone they meet military uniform. This mob action had been planned several months earlier by Westerling and even been known by the highest leader of the Dutch military.

Background.

In November 1949, the Dutch military secret service received a report, that Westerling has established a secret organization which has about 500,000 followers. Reports received by the Dutch police inspector JM Verburgh on December 8, 1949 states that the name of the organization formed by Westerling is the "Queen of Justice Association of Indonesia" (NEAT) and have an armed unit called the Legion of Ratu Adil (APRA). Most followers is a former member of the Colonial Army and the desertion of the special forces KST / RST. He also got help from his Chinese people, Chia Piet Kay, who had known since being in the city of Medan.
On December 5, the night, around 20:00 Westerling called Lt. Gen. Buurman van Vreeden, Supreme Commander of the Dutch Army, Lieutenant General Spoor replacement. Westerling asking how van Vreeden opinion, if after the transfer of sovereignty Westerling planning a coup against Sukarno and his clique. Van Vreeden indeed have heard a variety of news, among others, there is a military group that would disrupt the transfer of sovereignty. Also he had heard about the group Westerling.
General van Vreeden, as to be responsible for the smooth running of "sovereignty" on December 27, 1949, Westerling warned not to take these actions, but van Vreeden not immediately ordered the arrest Westerling.

Letters ultimatum.

On Thursday, January 5, 1950, sent a letter to the government Westerling RIS that it is an ultimatum. He demanded that the Government RIS appreciate states, especially Sundanese State and Government RIS must admit APRA as Sundanese army. RIS Government should give a positive answer preformance within 7 days and if it is rejected, then there will be a big war.
Westerling ultimatum is certainly cause anxiety not only among the RIS, but also in the Netherlands and dr. H.M. Hirschfeld (German-born), Nederlandse Hoge Commissaris (High Commissioner Netherlands) newly arrived in Indonesia. Cabinet RIS Hirschfeld plied with questions which made it very uncomfortable. Dutch Interior Minister, Stikker Hirschfeld instructed to follow all the Dutch military and civilian officials who cooperate with Westerling.
On January 10, 1950, Hatta delivered to Hirschfeld, that the Indonesia has issued arrest warrants for Westerling. Before that, when A.H.J. Lovink still served as Deputy High Crown of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, he has been advised to wear the article Hatta exorbitante rechten against Westerling. When it Westerling visiting Sultan Hamid II at the Hotel Des Indes, Jakarta. Previously, they had met in December 1949. Westerling explain its purpose, and asked Hamid became the leader of their movement. Hamid wanted to know in detail about such Westerling organization. But he did not get a satisfactory answer from Westerling. The meeting that day did not produce any results. Once it was clear the next meeting between Westerling with Hamid. In his autobiography, Memoires, published in 1952, Westerling writing, that the Shadow Cabinet was formed under the leadership of Sultan Hamid II of Pontianak, therefore he had to keep it a secret.
Mid-January 1950, the Provincial Minister of UNI and Overseas Affairs, Mr. J.H. van Maarseven visited Indonesia to prepare the Dutch-Indonesian Union meeting to be held in March 1950. Hatta delivered to Maarseven, that he had ordered the police to arrest Westerling.
When visiting the Netherlands, the Minister of Economy RIS Juanda on January 20, 1950 submit to the Minister Gotzen, that elite forces RST is seen as a risk factor, immediately evacuated from Indonesia. Before that, an army unit RST has been evacuated to Ambon and arrived in Ambon January 17, 1950. On January 21 Hirschfeld convey to Gotzen that General Buurman van Vreeden and Dutch Defence Minister Schokking has devised a plan for the evacuation of troops RST.

Desertion.

On January 22 at 21.00 he had received reports that a number of members of the RST troops with heavy weapons had to have deserted and left the military barracks in Batujajar.
Major KNIL G.H. Christian and Captain KNIL J.H.W. Nix reported that the company "Erik" which was in the evening Kampemenstraat will also have deserted and joined the APRA to take part in the coup, but can be thwarted by his own commander, Captain GHO de Witt. Engels great sounding the alarm immediately. He contacted Lt. Col. TNI Sadikin, Siliwangi Division Commander. Engels also reported this incident to the General Buurman van Vreeden in Jakarta.
Between 8:00 and 9:00 he accepted the arrival commander Lt. Col. Borghouts RST, which was traumatized by deserting his troops. 9:00 Engels received the visit of Lieutenant Colonel. Sadikin. When done apple RST forces in Batujajar during the day, turned out 140 people who were not present. From camp in Purabaya reported that 190 soldiers had been desertion, and of SOP in Cimahi reported that 12 soldiers from Ambon has desertion.

Coup D'Etat.

However, efforts to evacuate Regiment Speciale Troepen (RST), the combined red and green beret beret was too late to do. From several former subordinates, Westerling heard about the plan, and prior deportations RST troops to the Netherlands began, on January 23, 1950, Westerling launched his coup. Dawn 4:30, KNIL Lieutenant Colonel T. Cassa called General Engels and reported: "The APRA powerful forces moving through the Great Post Road to Bandung."
Westerling and his men shot dead every member of the military that they found on the street. 94 members of the military killed in the massacre, including Lieutenant Colonel Lembong, while at the APRA party, no one victim.
While Westerling led the attack in London, a number of members of the RST forces led by Sergeant Meijer to Jakarta with a view to arrest President Sukarno and occupied government buildings. But support from other KNIL troops and the Army of Islam Indonesia (TII) is expected Westerling does not appear, so the attack failed to Jakarta.
Once satisfied to massacre in Bandung, all RST troops and units that support back to the barracks respectively. Westerling himself went to Jakarta, and on January 24, 1950 to meet again with the Sultan Hamid II at the Hotel Des Indes. Hamid, who was accompanied by his secretary, dr. J. Kiers, launched a scathing criticism against Westerling for failure and blame Westerling has made a big mistake in Bandung. There was no debate, and a moment later Westerling left the hotel.
Then came the news that Westerling planned to repeat his actions. On January 25, Hatta delivered to Hirschfeld, that Westerling, supported by the RST and Darul Islam will invade Jakarta. Engels also received reports that Westerling consolidate his followers in Garut, one of the bases of the Darul Islam that time.
Military action launched by the joint Westerling APRA which is comprised of the elite troops of the Dutch army, became a major news media around the world. Hugh Laming, Reuters correspondent who first launched on January 23, 1950 with the sensational news. Osmar White, Australian journalist from Melbourne Sun preach on the front page: "A crisis with the international scale has struck Southeast Asia." Dutch ambassador in the United States, Van Kleffens reported that in the eyes of Americans, Dutch falsely once again been suckered Indonesia, and the attacks in London conducted by "de Zwarte hand van Nederland" (black hand of the Netherlands).
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
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http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2015/04/you-know-coup-apra.html
DatePublished: April 2, 2015 at 12:32
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Posted by: Bambang Sunarno
www.Primo.com Updated at: 12:32