About Toads and Frogs.

Frog (English : frog ) and frog aka bangkong ( b. England : toad ) is the most well known animal amphibian people in Indonesia . Children usually love frogs and toads because of the funny , often jumping up and down , never bite and do no harm . Only adults who often feel disgusted or unwarranted fear of the frog .
Both kinds of this animal looks like . Frog was short , stocky or thin , slightly stooped-backed, four-legged and no tail. Toads generally smooth -skinned, moist, with long hind legs . Instead frog or toad skin rash rough , often dry , and often short hind legs alone , so many jump far less intelligent . However, these two terms are often used interchangeably .

Life of frogs and toads .

Toads and frogs begin life as eggs laid its parent in the water, in foam nests , or in other damp places . Several types of mountain frog lay her eggs in the wet moss on the trees . While other types of forest frogs leave their eggs in male frog moist backs , which will always keep and even to bring it up to hatch into tiny toads . Once the frog spawn can produce 5000-20000 eggs , depending on the quality of the parent and lasts as much as three times a year .
The eggs hatch into a toad and frog tadpoles or tadpoles ( b. England : Tadpole ) , who was like a fat fish , breathing with gills and for some time lived in the water . Will slowly grow back foot , which is then followed by the growth of the front legs , the disappearance of the tail and gills with the alternation of the lungs . After his time , the tadpoles will jump ashore as a small frog or toad .
Toads and frogs mating at certain times , for example during the month off or on when approaching rain . At that time the male frogs call will ring for females , from the edge or the middle of the waters . Some species , such as the moor frog ( Fejervarya limnocharis ) and bullfrog closely aka belentung ( Kaloula baleata ) , often forming ' singing group ' , in which some male animals gathered close together and reads said -replication . Loud noise produced by the frog voice sac located around his neck , which would be a big bulge when used .
Fertilization in frogs done outside the body . Male frog will cling on the back of the female and the female armpit hugged from behind . While swimming in the water , the hind legs of male frogs will massage the belly toad eggs females and stimulate spending . At the same time the male frog will release sperm into the water , so that it can fertilize the eggs released the female .

Habitat and food .

Toads and frogs living widespread , particularly in tropical regions of temperate heat . Colder place , such as on a mountain or in the area in season four ( temperate ) , the number of frog species tend to be less. One is as cold-blooded animals , including frogs , which requires heat from the environment to sustain life and maintain the body 's metabolism .
Dendrobates pumilio , 18-22 mm sized toads with poisonous skin of Central America .
These animals can be found ranging from jungles , deserts , rivers and the edges of swamps , plantations and rice paddies , to the human settlement environment . Kuhl under , for example , is one type of frog that is often found in the corners of the house or in the yard behind the pot . Tree frogs inhabit low trees and shrubs , especially around waterways or ponds .
Frog prey on various species of insects he meets. Frog is often found huddled under a street light or garden light , captured insects attracted by the light .
In contrast, frog also preyed upon by a variety of other types of creatures : snakes, lizards , birds , such as storks , hawks , mongoose , otters , as well as human consumption .
Frog defend himself by jumping away , mucus and toxins from glands in their skin , and some even produce a kind of thick , sticky mucus , so the predators mouth will become embedded and difficult to open .

Reproduction .

At the time of reproducing adult frogs would seek an aqueous environment . There they lay their eggs to be fertilized externally . The eggs develop into larvae and are looking for the nutrients it needs from the environment , then develop into adults with a body shape that enables it to live on land , a process known as metamorphosis . Unlike reptile and bird eggs , frog eggs have no shells and membranes of the embryo . Instead frog eggs are protected only by a mucoid capsule which is highly permeable so that the frog eggs to be grown in a very damp or watery .

Frogs and humans .

It has long been known frog man as one of the delicious food . In Chinese eating houses , known as the frog dishes Swie kee . Called ' chicken water ' ( Swie : water , kee : chicken ) such as a tasty frog thighs and fleshy white reminiscent of the chicken thighs . In addition , in some places in East Java , certain frog eggs are also cooked and served in such a spiced frog eggs .
Frogs are very important role as indicators of environmental pollution . The level of environmental pollution in an area can be seen from the total population of frogs that can be found in the area . The background of the use of frogs as environmental indicators because the frog is one of the ancient creatures that have existed for thousands of years sejah . So the frogs still exist to change the Earth's climate . Of course, only the influence of men that may cause threat to frog populations . One is the disposal of hazardous waste by humans to nature . This hazardous waste that could threaten the existence of frogs in contaminated areas . In addition , because of the importance of the position of the frogs in the food chain , the reduction in the number of frogs will cause disruption of the growth dynamics of predatory frogs . Even disruption of frog populations may result directly to the extinction of predatory frogs .
However, the more life threatening frog is actually a lot of human activities that damage the natural habitat of frogs , such as forests , rivers and marshes . Especially now that the widespread use of pesticides in rice fields also destroy the eggs and tadpoles of frogs and toads lead to defects in the next generation .

The types of frogs and toads .

Some frog species are commonly found in Indonesia , which are
bangkong horned ( Megophrys montana ) , in the mountains
bangkong litter ( Leptobrachium hasseltii ) , in the forest
bangkong river ( Bufo asper ) , around the river
bangkong under ( B. melanostictus ) , in the home environment
belentung ( Kaloula baleata )
kongkang pool ( Rana chalconota ) , around ponds , canals and rivers
kongkang ivory ( Rana erythraea ) , in ponds and lakes
bancet green ( Occidozyga five ) , in rice fields
moor frog ( Fejervarya limnocharis ) , in the fields and moors
paddy frogs ( Fejervarya cancrivora ) , in rice fields and bunds
stone frog ( Limnonectes macrodon ) , around rivers and waterways in the garden
- striped tree frog ( Polypedates leucomystax ) , near ponds and puddles in the garden
precil Java ( Microhyla Achatina )

Frog Forest :

kongkang toxins ( Rana hosii ) , in the deep forest
forest frog - knot ( Ingerophrynus biporcatus )
pan-head Borneo frog ( Barbourula kalimantanensis ) , endangered status , the only frog that does not lungfish lung
bangkong deaf ( Limnonectes kuhlii ) , on the banks of a river or stream
Some frog species are critical and endangered status in Indonesia .
red frog ( Leptophryne cruentata ) , critical status , endemic to West Java
ungaran tree frog ( Philautus jacobsoni ) , a critical , endemic forests of Central Java
kongkang rapids ( Hula masonii ) , the status of vulnerable , endemic Mist Mountain National Park
pearl tree frog ( Nytixalus margaritifer ) , vulnerable , endemic Mist Mountain National Park
white tree frog legs ( Philautus pallidipes ) , vulnerable , endemic Mist Mountain National Park
Java tree frog ( Rhacophorus javanus ) , vulnerable , endemic Mist Mountain National Park
Bufo valhallae , endemic in Pulau Weh .
So , thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/02/about-toads-and-frogs.html
DatePublished: February 05, 2014 at 15:43

7MHPNPADAEFW

Tag ; About Toads and Frogs, frog

Cooking Crab.

You like seafood? You a fan of crab, but often feel drained contents of the bag to buy?
If so, why not try making it yourself?

Cooking Crabs is not difficult provided you know how. It takes a longer processing time than other types of seafood. When cooking fish, squid or shrimp cooked in a way quite directly seasoning mix. Then cook cooking crab should be 2 times.

The first cooking for ripen crab.  

The second cooking crab seasoning .

Tips on Choosing Crabs 

1. Where possible choose crabs that are still alive because of taste sweeter.
2. Select the crab that does not smell rancid.
3. View crab shell surface. If it means a bright shiny
crab is new.
4. If you love crab spawn, turn the crab. Look
abdomen.

Preparation Cooking Crab. 

1. Rinse under running water crab. This is to ensure that regardless of sand between crab body.
2. Be careful when crabs are still alive. You can turn off the crab by means of a knife in the abdomen crab.
3. Boiled crab. Cook until the water boils. Enter crab.
4. Add salt, ginger and garlic to eliminate the fishy smell. Cook briefly.
5. Remove the crabs from the cooking water. Drain. Clean the gills,
6. 4 pieces of crab , crushed bites. Crabs ready to be processed into immersive seafood dishes .

I. Sweet Sour Crab.

Ingredients:

1. 4 Tails crab ready if
2. 1 big size Onions coarsely chopped
3. Galangal crushed
4. 3 Stems coarsely chopped chives
5. 1 Trunk crushed lemongrass
6. 2 sheets of orange leaves
7. 1 lemon fruit water taken
8. 3 Spoon tomato sauce
9. Sufficient water next
1. Oil / butter for sauteing
2. Salt
3. Sugar
4. Fish sauce
Spices:
1. 5 Cayenne
2. 5 cloves of red onion
3. 5 cloves of garlic
How to Make:
1. Saute ground spices until fragrant.
2. Enter lemongrass, galangal, lime leaves, salt, sugar, tomato sauce
3. and fish sauce.
4. Enter crabs ready to be processed, onions and leeks.
5. Stir-fry briefly until the flavors to infuse.
6. Add enough water. Cook until done.
7. Give lemon juice prepared cuisine served.
II. Crab Oyster Sauce
Ingredients:
1. 4 Tails crab ready if
2. 10 Sdm tomato sauce
3. 2 tbsp oyster sauce
4. Ground pepper
5. Granulated sugar
6. Oil / margarine for sauteing
7. Water
8. Cornstarch that has been dissolved
Spices:
1. 10 Cayenne
2. 7 cloves of red onion
3. 4 cloves of garlic
4. Salt to taste
How to make:
1. Saute ground spices until fragrant
2. Add tomato sauce, oyster sauce, sugar and pepper.
3. Enter crab, cook briefly until the flavors to infuse.
4. Add a little water. Cook until done.
5. Enter the cornstarch solution. Cook until sauce thickens.
6. Dish ready to be served.

Legal consume crabs .

Eco - Biology Mangrove Crab ( Scylllaspp ) explain that there are four (4 ) types of mangrove crabs are often consumed and become a commodity ,
namely :
a. Scylla serrata ,
b . Scylla tranquebarrica ,
c . Scylla olivacea , and
d . Scylla pararnarnosain .
These four types of mangrove crabs by the general public is simply called the " crab "

The crab is a type of water animals, with reason: 

a. Breathe with gills.
b. Habitat in the water .
c. Would never issue a egg on the ground, but in the water because it requires oxygen from the water.
Based on the explanation of the crab, the crab was decided MUI HALAL consumed throughout poses no danger to human health.
So, thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/02/cooking-crab.html
DatePublished: February 05, 2014 at 14:54
7MHPNPADAEFW
Tag ; Cooking Crab.

Did You Know About Crabs Sea.

For those of you who like to consume seafood, crab name is not familiar to the ear. Sea crabs that this is indeed often the choice of sea food enthusiasts as favorite food. This is supported by the state of our country is known as the greatest maritime nation in the world.
Sea area of ​​5.8 million square kilometers, while the land area is only about 1.9 million square kilometers. Of course this makes Indonesia the country with abundant marine products. Small crab is one of them.
Around the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, there are approximately 234 types of crab. Most of them are in our waters, the 124 type. Swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is a much sought after species. In addition to its delicious taste, as well as the famous selling point is quite expensive. The nutritional value of crab was also quite high, with about 65 percent protein, 7.5 percent minerals and fat less than 1 percent.
Crab fishing areas which are north coast of Bali precisely in Gilimanuk, Pengambengan or the southern coast of Bali, north and south coast of East Java, Lampung coast to Medan and West Kalimantan.
Portunus pelagicus from Indonesia has been exploring all over the world through the export process. 60 per cent of Indonesian crab catches are sent to America, Australia, and Canada. In addition, fresh crabs have also been exported to Singapore and Japan. On the other hand, the results of refined products in the form of canned crab has also been sent to the Netherlands. Rajungan occupies a third of export commodities as prawns and fish.

Characteristics and Crab Marine Environment.

Small crab or sea crab, commonly referred to as the swimming crab, because he is a crab that can swim in the water. Swimming crabs can only live in sea water environment. These crabs can not live in a dry environment without water. But crabs are also often ride to the mainland when sea water is receding.
Small crab shells rounded and flat. On the left and right eyes are small crab nine spines. Swimming crabs have five pairs of legs. The legs are made up of a pair of tweezers, three pairs of legs and a pair of feet road last as an outdoor tool that culminate rounded, similar to the paddle. It makes crab can not swim well and sea water swept away.
Rajungan has unique properties. He likes to bury itself in the mud or sand, especially during the day and in the winter. These animals usually forage was high tide when the sea water. Crab food is fish, algae,  and bivalves ( two -shelled mollusks ) .

Crab Aquaculture Sea.

Many requests for crabs, making the exploitation of massive crab. As a result most places to live or crab habitat also affected. Habitats for crabs to make the population declined dramatically in the waters.
Almost all species of crab has the potential to be traded. Besides Portunus pelagicus, also there are other types such as Portunus trituberculatus, Portunus gladiator, Portunus sanguinus, and Portunus hastatoides.
Crab cultivation during this classic problem , because including new types of farms . Yet surely the right business model , the cost of production is uncertain , as well as sea crab survival is very low due to the occurrence of intraspecific eat each other , making small crab cultivation in the country is still vibrant as well as ornamental fish and shrimp .
In fact , small crab has economic value that is not less famous than the shrimp and ornamental fish . Therefore , it needs a lot of research and extension to make crab farms is growing from day to day .
An alternative solution to maintain the presence of crabs in nature is to do farming or farm crabs. Therefore, it is important to know the characteristics, life cycle and maintenance methods crab before cultivation is done.
In principle , crab cultivation is not much different from shrimp farming . However, some cultivation techniques must be adapted to the type of crab , because each type of crab has the nature and way of life different .
This small crab cultivation should be done at the beach or seaside water is not polluted , such as Jakarta Bay . Besides safer for the health of cultivated crab , which has not been polluted water will make it easier and cheaper for cultivation due process does not require treatment or special medications in order to grow healthy sea crab .
Crab cultivation takes 5 months, since hatching eggs to be breeding. Magnification can be implemented in poly seeds, along with herbivorous fish in a net bag in the fundamental, or in conjunction with carnivorous fish in a net bag compound.

Ingredients and Benefits Sea Crab.

As one of the seafood that is relatively expensive, crab or sea crabs are not only delicious but also rich in nutritional content. When compared with land crabs, swimming crabs have a higher nutritional value, especially in terms of phosphorus, iron, calcium, vitamin B1, and vitamin A.
In addition, the crab is also rich in protein. Rajungan can be a decent source of protein because protein content equivalent to a regular source of protein we consume, ie beef, chicken, and eggs.
Another advantage of the crab is a very low fat content. Low fat content indicates that the crab is a type of food that is good because it does not contain cholesterol and saturated fat.
From the contents of the nutrient, people can take advantage crab wisely. Used water boiled crab can be used to make crab crackers. The water also contains chitin and chitosan, which serves as an absorber of toxins.
Chitin and chitosan in crab can also be used in the water purification process. Polymer kitinnya also good if used as a contact lens material. Contact lenses are made of chitin polymer will be more comfortable to wear because it is able to absorb oxygen well, so that the eye does not dry quickly.
Both substances were obtained from the crab's body can also be used as a wrapper capsule. Chitin and chitosan safe and healthy if used as packing material for capsules of both of these substances can be degraded shortly after the drug is consumed slowly. Because not degraded at once, wrapping capsule of chitin and chitosan help drug release (capsule contents) is more controlled.
If processed further, chitosan will degrade specific substances that are blood anticoagulant and antibacterial. Not only that, chitin in marine crabs are also useful as antitumor and anti-cholesterol agents.

Choosing a Good Crab Sea.

After understanding the nutrient content in the crab's body, it helps us meet our nutritional needs by eating marine animals. Rajungan can be found in the traditional markets, particularly in fish markets.
Choosing a quality crab that bother easy. You must be observant utilize your senses to not choose a small crab that are no longer fresh. Generally, small crab can be assessed freshness of appearance, taste, aroma, and texture. These are the characteristics of fresh crab:
The characteristics of the swimming crab Fresh and Good For Consumed
1. Her body looks clean
2. Not issue a foul scent
3. Flesh yellowish white looks pretty tight and fibrous
4. The meat moist, fragrant and somewhat containing liquid
Sea crabs that are not normally visible black fresh, dried meat, and slimy. To check the freshness of the crab, note the chest, meat and if possible check the condition of the gills and eggs (if any).
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/02/did-you-know-about-crabs-sea.html
DatePublished: February 05, 2014 at 13:04
7MHPNPADAEFW
Tag ; Crabs Sea.

Did you Cut duck Favorites Breeders.

The advantages compared to other poultry duck is a high adaptability to the new environment. Naturally, when a duck evolve almost all areas of Indonesia. Giving the name of the duck is usually tailored to the area or location where development. Some of the most superior kind of duck;

1. Alabio duck. 

Characteristics Alabio duck; relatively large agency with attitude standing not too short. Yellow beak and feet both males and females. Dominated by gray-brown coat color with a little yellow spots on females and males around the black spots on the back. Turquoise wingtip on the female, the male blue orange. Tail feathers on a black male with a few stroked sticking up. Top of head black.
Original Location: Village Alabio, Amuntai southern districts. Kab. North of the river upstream. Southern Borneo.
Deployment: Almost throughout Indonesia.
First Age spawn 177 days, egg production 249 grain / head / year.
Growth females: day old Weight (DOD) 41-45gram / tail. 8 weeks of age body weight 981-1200 g / tail. Feed conversion (FCR) 4.01 8 Weeks.

2. Duck Mojosari / Modopuro 

The characteristics of duck Mojosari: Color reddish brown fur with a few variations, both males and females. Males had a few tail feathers curved upwards, the color black legs and beak more than females. Drake feather color darker than females, especially in the head, neck, chest and tail.
Original Location: Hamlet modopuro, Mojokerto East Java.
Deployment: East Java and West Java.
First Age laying 217 Days, 238 Egg Egg production / cow / year.
Growth females: Weight DOD 45-49gr / tail, 8 weeks of age body weight 981-1152 g / tail. FCR 4.12 8 Weeks Rations.

3. Magelang duck (Necklace / Plontang). 

The characteristics of Magelang duck: In male and female ducks are perfectly circular white fur around the neck 1-2 cm thick shaped like a necklace. Coat color chest, back, and thighs are dominated by young and old brown, with white wing tips, (plontang). Legs brownish black color, whereas black beak.
Original Location: Village hos, Ngadirejo, District Secang, Magelang, Central Java.
Deployment: Magelang, Ambarawa, Waterford (Central Java).
Egg production; egg production 131 Grain / Tail / year production peak of 55.1%.
Growth females: Weight DOD 38-41gr / tail, age 8 weeks Weight 520.7 gr-1581, 1 / tail. Feed consumption until the age of 8 weeks of 1581.1 g / tail. FCR 2.82.

4. Tegal duck 

The characteristics of duck dost: fur color is dominant banjangan, which is brownish in all parts of his body with brown spots rather obvious on the chest, back and outer wings. While dark colored beak and feet black.
Other characteristics; small head, red with a long beak and wide diujungnya, slender neck, long and round. The wings are attached tightly to the body and ends above the tail feathers overlap. Forms of body nearly upright, slender bottles and measures such as strapping.
Original Location: Tegal and Limbangan Village Main, Bradford district, Central Java.
Deployment; northern coast of Central Java and West Java, Sulawesi, Lampung, Aceh and Papua.
Age at first laying; 162 days. egg production 3 months 43% today.
Growth females: 43.7 g Weight DOD / head / body weight 8 weeks 1005.1 g / tail. FCR 8 Weeks 4.2.

5. Duck Queen or Hybrid. 

The hallmark feature of the hybrid duck: duck crosses Results mojosari with Alabio. Or most popular called duck hybrid. Because superior in terms of weight of meat and eggs and harvest time. Higher productivity of eggs and duck DODO Males can be a good piece.
Location of origin; Sukamulya Village, District Wanaraya, Barito Kuala. Southern Borneo.
Age at first laying: 122 Days. Egg production in the peak year of production 93.75 71.5% FCR of 3.2.

Already centuries old duck into one of the components of the rural farming communities. Especially for those who are at a low economic level and then raise the duck is medium daily.

Duck. 

Indeed duck farming can be a promising alternative, although with a certain market share. What is clear is sufficiently profitable business that can be relied upon as a source of family income. Duck farming productivity because the eggs survive better than chicken. Honey is not as powerful as the seed supply broilers, breeders rely solely between supply duck. Even if there is from a local farm services are also very limited in number.

Glancing duck business 

Nevertheless in some duck production centers such as in Cirebon, Bradford, Tegal, Kirkcaldy and Blitar. Duck farming may be said to have reached the criteria of Small and Medium Enterprises. How the exquisite when governments and banks would further empower the duck farming. The hope provided additional employment field for small to medium sized community to get a more decent livelihood.
Not to mention the opportunity to talk about the development of the duck meat. The development stalls and restaurants provider duck meat menu big city, became a new opportunity duck broiler farming. As a producer of meat, duck pieces which can be arranged locally as ticktock duck or Peking duck.

Let's breeding duck 

Instead of giving permission to import the peking duck meat, the better the government gave the seed procurement opportunities. Then developed like chicken, and duck while ticktock pieces, turning again to the government, unwilling. Thank you for reading this article.  Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.  sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/02/did-you-cut-duck-favorites-breeders.html
DatePublished: February 05, 2014 at 12:11
7MHPNPADAEFW
Tag ; Did you Cut duck Favorites Breeders, duck

Indonesia Malaysia confrontation.

The confrontation between Indonesia and Malaysia or better known as the Confrontation course is a war over the future of Malaya, Brunei, Sabah and Sarawak which occurs between the Federation of Malaysia and Indonesia in 1962 until 1966.

The war originated from a desire more recognizable as the Federation of Malaya Malaya Fellowship in 1961 to incorporate Brunei, Sabah and Sarawak into the Federation of Malaysia, which is not in accordance with the Agreement therefore desire Manila was opposed by President Sukarno, who considers the formation of the Federation of Malaysia, which is now known as Malaysia as a "puppet of the British" colonialism and imperialism in a new form as well as support for various internal security disturbances and uprisings in Indonesia.

Background.

Approval of the Philippines Manila, the Federation of Malaya and Indonesia
In 1961, Kalimantan was divided into four administrative. Kalimantan, a province of Indonesia, located in the south of Borneo. To the north is the Kingdom of Brunei and two British colonies; Sarawak and North Borneo, later renamed Sabah. As part of its withdrawal from Southeast Asian colonies, the British tried to incorporate its colonies on Borneo with Malaya Peninsula, the Federation of Malaya to form the Federation of Malaysia.
This plan was opposed by the Government of Indonesia, President Sukarno argued that Malaysia was a British puppet, and the consolidation of Malaysia would increase British control only in this region, thus threatening the independence of Indonesia. Philippines made a claim for Sabah, arguing that it had historical links with the Philippines through the Sulu Sultanate.
In Brunei, the North Kalimantan National Army (TNKU) revolted on December 8, 1962. They tried to capture the Sultan of Brunei, the oil fields and European hostages. Sultan escaped and sought help from the UK. He received the British and Gurkha troops from Singapore. On December 16, British Far East Command (British Far East Command) claimed that all major rebel centers had been resolved, and on April 17, 1963, leaders of the rebellion were arrested and the rebellion ended.
Philippines and Indonesia formally agreed to accept the establishment of the Federation of Malaysia if a majority in the area who want to do dekolonial to vote in a referendum organized by the United Nations. However, on September 16, before the results of the election are reported. Malaysia saw the formation of this federation as a domestic issue, with no place for outsiders intervene, but the Indonesian leader sees this as the Manila Agreement violated and as evidence of British colonialism and imperialism.
"Since the anti-Indonesian demonstrations in Kuala Lumpur, when protesters stormed the embassy building, tearing photos of Sukarno, carrying the emblem of Garuda Pancasila state before Tunku Abdul Rahman-Prime Minister of Malaysia at the time-and force him to step on Garuda, Sukarno anger against Malaysia burst."
Anti-Indonesian demonstrations in Kuala Lumpur which took place on 17 September 1963, applies when the angry protesters who were mounting against President Sukarno's confrontation against Malaysia launched also you indulge an unofficial military forces attack Indonesia against Malaysia. This announcement follows the Indonesia Foreign Minister Soebandrio that Indonesian hostility against Malaysia on January 20, 1963. Besides his sloppy Indonesian volunteers (it looks like an unofficial military forces) began to enter Sarawak and Sabah to spread propaganda and carry out attacks and sabotage on April 12 next.
Sukarno's wrath because it condemns the anti-Indonesian demonstrations trampling Indonesian state emblem and wants to take revenge by launching a movement known as Crush Malaysia. Sukarno proclaimed Crush Malaysia movement through his speeches very historic, the following:
"
If we were hungry usual
If we are ashamed of it too ordinary
But if we are hungry or embarrassed because Malaysia, cheeky!
Muster troops to Borneo, we beat the scum Malayan!
Hit and brush land and air lest we be trampled by the Malaysian fucker
Wish me luck, I'll leave the fighting to the field as a patriot nation, as a nation and as a martyr nation reluctant bullet trampled upon itself the price
Calls for calls for throughout the country that we will unite against this humiliation we will avenge this treatment and we show that we still have strong teeth and bones and which we also still have dignity
Yoo ... Ayoo ... we ... Crush ...
Crush ... Malaysia
Crush ... Malaysia
Round determination
The spirit of our steel
Bullets us much
Njawa us much
If necessary one-on-one!
Sukarno.
"
War.
On January 20, 1963, Indonesian Foreign Minister Soebandrio announced that Indonesia took a hostile attitude towards Malaysia. On April 12, volunteers Indonesia (looks like an unofficial military forces) began to enter Sarawak and Sabah to spread propaganda and carry out attacks and sabotage. Dated May 3, 1964 at a mammoth rally held in Jakarta, President Sukarno announced orders Dwi Komando Rakyat (Dwikora) which read:
Heightened resilience of the Indonesian revolution
Help the revolutionary struggle of the people of Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak and Sabah, to destroy Malaysia
On July 27, Sukarno announced that he was going to "crush Malaysia". On August 16, troops from Regimen Askar Melayu bossed dealing with fifty Indonesian guerillas.
Although the Philippines did not participate in the war, they broke off diplomatic relations with Malaysia.
Federation of Malaysia was formally established on 16 September 1963. Brunei and Singapore refused to join out at a later date.
Growing tensions on both sides of the Malacca Strait. Two days later the British embassy burning riots in Jakarta. Several hundred rioters seized the Singapore embassy in Jakarta and Singapore also houses diplomats. In Malaysia, Indonesian agents were captured and crowds attacked the Indonesian embassy in Kuala Lumpur.
Along the border in Borneo, going on the border warfare; Indonesian forces and unofficial forces tried to occupy Sarawak and Sabah, with no results.

Volunteer Action Command.

In 1964 Indonesian troops began attacking the region on the Malay Peninsula. In May formed Standby Command tasked to coordinate the activities of the war against Malaysia (Operations Dwikora). Command is then transformed into Mandala Preparedness Command (Kolaga). Kolaga led by Vice Air Marshal Omar Dani as Pangkolaga. Kolaga itself consists of three Command, the Combat Command A (Kopurtu) based in Sumatra, which consists of 12 Battalion of the Army, including the three battalion and a battalion of Marines. The Command targets of the operation and the Malay Peninsula, led by Brigadier General Kemal Idris sebaga Pangkopur-I. Two Combat Command (Kopurda) based in Bengkayang, West Kalimantan and consists of 13 Battalion were derived from elements of the Marines, Air Force, and Special Forces. Command is led Supardjo as Pangkopur-II. Command Fleet Command Preparedness third is composed of elements of the Navy and the Marines. Command Brigade lander is equipped with and operating on the border of Riau and East Kalimantan.
In August, sixteen armed Indonesian agents were arrested in Johor. Indonesian Armed Forces activities on the border has also increased. Malaysian Marine Tentera deploy troops to defend Malaysia. Tentera Malaysia only a few are derived and must rely on checkpoints and surveillance commando unit. Their primary mission is to prevent the entry of troops from Indonesia to Malaysia. Most of the parties involved in an armed conflict with Indonesia, the UK and Australia, especially the special forces they are the Special Air Service (SAS). Indonesia recorded about 2000 troops and 200 British troops killed / Australia (SAS) were also killed after fighting in the jungles of Borneo (Space Magazine Edition 2006).
On August 17 paratroopers landed on the southwest coast of Johor and try to form a guerrilla army. On 2 September 1964 paratroopers landed in Labis, Johor. On October 29, 52 soldiers landed in Pontian in Johor-Malacca border and kill troops Askar Malay Regiment of Kings and New Zealand and also quell Troop Royal Malaysian Police in Batu 20, Muar, Johor.
When the United Nations to accept Malaysia as a non-permanent member. Sukarno Indonesian draw of the United Nations on January 20, 1965 and tried to establish the New Power Conference (Conference of the New Emerging Forces, Conefo) as an alternative.
As a counterpoint Olympics, Sukarno even held GANEFO (Games of the New Emerging Forces) held in Senayan, Jakarta on 10 to 22 November 1963. The Games was followed by 2,250 athletes from 48 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and South America, and covered about 500 foreign journalists.
In January 1965, Australia agreed to send troops to Borneo after receiving many requests from Malaysia. Australian troops lowered 3 Royal Australian Regiment and Australian Special Air Service Regiment. There are about fourteen thousand British and Commonwealth troops in Australia at the time. Officially, British and Australian troops can not follow the attacker through the Indonesian border. However, units such as the Special Air Service, both Britain and Australia, entrance in secret (see Operation Claret). Australia recognizes the breakthrough in 1996.
In mid-1965, Indonesia began to use his official forces. On June 28, they crossed the border into eastern Sebatik Island near Tawau, Sabah and dealing with Askar Malay Regiment and the King's Police In North Borneo Armed Constabulary.
On July 1, 1965, the Indonesian military strength of approximately 5000 people confront Malaysian Navy base in Semporna. Attack and siege continue until 8 September but failed. This event is known as the "68 Day Siege" by residents of Malaysia.

Final confrontation.

Towards the end of 1965, General Suharto came to power in Indonesia after the course G30S/PKI. Because of this domestic conflict, Indonesia desire to continue the war with Malaysia to be reduced and the battle subsided.
On May 28, 1966 at a conference in Bangkok, Royal Malaysian and Indonesian government announced a settlement of the conflict. Violence ends in June, and a peace agreement signed on 11 August and was inaugurated two days later.
So, thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/02/indonesia-malaysia-confrontation.html
DatePublished: February 04, 2014 at 22:31
7MHPNPADAEFW
Tag ; Indonesia Malaysia confrontation, confrontation

About Chicken Bekisar.

Ranged chicken is the result of a marriage between a male green jungle fowl (Gallus varius) and chicken/female domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).

There are three types ranged chicken , namely :
Gallus aenus air- 8 small serrated comb , wattles medium size, coat color on the top layer of purple with golden yellow plisir .
Gallus temminckii has six serrated comb , wattle colored pink , red feathers shiny and air- plisir brownish red .
Gallus violaceus with good serrated comb , wattles medium size , fur color purple with a smooth surface .
Ranged chicken has a smaller size than the size of the male chicken , but larger than the males parent . Greenish black color and shiny fur . Having a smooth and distinctive voice : composed of two tones .
Ranged chicken , because he result of a cross between two different types , usually barren . However, not all of them so . There are also chickens ranged ( male or female ) who when mated to produce offspring chicken .
Special features of the most prominent ranged chicken is a form fur collar edges round / oval instead of taper . When compared with the usual rooster will be obvious . The shape is similar to the chicken is in the cross ranged ranged chicken with chicken called bekikuk . The same shape and posture , just sometimes wattles and neck feathers are different .

Chicken Forest Green.

Chicken - Green Forest is the name of bird species including flocks of tribal Phasianidae , the family chickens , quail , peacocks and pheasants . Partridge is believed to be the ancestors of domestic chickens .
Has the scientific name Gallus varius ( Shaw , 1798 ) , this chicken in English called Green Junglefowl , Javan Junglefowl , Forktail or Green Javanese Junglefowl ; namely referring to the color and place of origin .

Characteristics .

Large bird , total body length ( measured from tip of beak to tip of tail ) approximately 60 cm on a rooster , and 42 cm in females .
Comb on a rooster is not jagged , but the rounded edges ; red , with bluish color in the middle. The feathers on the neck , nape and sparkling green coat with the edge ( margin ) black , look like fish scales . Closing a hip length tapered feathers golden yellow with black middle . The down side of a black body and black tail sparkling greenish . Hens are smaller , brownish yellow , with stripes and black spots .
Iris red , whitish gray beak , and legs yellowish or reddish .

Distribution and Habits

Chickens are like open areas and grasslands , forest edges and area with low hills near the coast . Chicken - green forests are known to spread limited to Java and Nusa Tenggara islands , including Bali . In West Java, lived up to an altitude of 1,500 m above sea level , in East Java, up to 3,000 m above sea level and at 2,400 m above sea level up to Lombok .
Morning and evening the usual chicken searching for food in open places and grassy , while the scorching daytime shelter in the shade of the forest canopy . Chicken - green forests takes a variety of grains , grass shoots and leaves , various insects , as well as various types of small animals such as spiders , worms , frogs and small lizards .
These chickens are often seen in groups , 2-7 tails or more , searching for food in the grass near a collection of large ungulates such as buffalo , cow or bull . In addition to hunting insects disturbed by the larger animals , Chicken - green forests are known pleased to disassemble and pawing the dirt herbivores to find grains that have not been digested , dirt or insects that eat it .
At night , the group is sleeping partridge in a bamboo grove not far apart , shrubs , or palm fronds forest at an altitude of 1.5 to 4 m above the ground .
Chicken - green forest breeding between October - November in West Java and around March to July in East Java . Made in a simple nest on top of the grass -lined ground , in the shadow of a bush or tall grass . 3-4 eggs whitish grains .
Unlike descendants chicken , chicken - smart forest green fly . This forest chicks have been able to avoid the dangers of flying in a few weeks. Chickens that adults are able to fly immediately and vertically to a nearby tree branch at a height of 7 m or more . Fly horizontally , Chicken Green - forests capable of flying straight up to several hundred meters , and even believed to be able to fly from island to island across the adjacent sea .
Morning and evening, the rooster crowed with a distinctive voice , a loud nasally . At first voiced check - kreh .. several times in a row like a sneeze , followed by the sound of a check - ki kreh .. 10-15 times , at intervals of a few to tens of seconds , the longer the length of the pause . Crowing is usually immediately followed or welcomed by one or several males who live nearby . Hen clucking like a chicken , with a smaller sound - loud , in the morning when getting out of the nest .
Green jungle fowl is a close relative of the ancestor pet chicken , chicken - red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus ) . Red jungle fowl widespread ranging from the Himalayas , southern China , Southeast Asia , to Sumatra and Java . On the other hand , chicken - green forest in Java , Bali and Nusa Tenggara islands other . Chicken forests of East Java is known as a source for generating elders ranged chicken . Bekisar is a cross between a chicken - green forest with chicken .
Bekisar developed the chickens to produce beautiful ornamental feathers , and especially to get the chicken with typical crowing . Because of his voice , ranged chicken can reach a very high price .
So, thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno.
sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/02/about-chicken-bekisar.html
DatePublished: February 04, 2014 at 18:15

7MHPNPADAEFW

Tag ; About Chicken Bekisar, bekisar chicken

Arabic chicken.

Arabic chicken is a chicken -type layer is superior because of its ability to spawn high enough . Most people use arabic chicken for egg production high, reaching 190-250 eggs per year with an average egg weight of 40 grams . Eggshell color varies namely white , yellow and brown that sometimes many people can not tell which eggs and chicken arabic where chicken eggs .

Arabic as a producer of chicken meat was also quite good , doc males who maintained around 2-3 months with a touch of good feed has been able to achieve a body weight of between 4-5 ounces . The color of your skin is black , with a thinner than meat chicken meat chicken makes it less preferred by consumers . But for some farmers who are creative, this arabic chicken with chicken cross intercrossed . And what was the result ? Yes , the posture chicken village , eggshell white is no longer and the meat is slightly brighter than the original arabic chicken .

Chicken arab easily recognized from the color of his fur . Arabic chicken can be divided into two types based on the type of fur that is kind of silver ( shiny white or silver call ) and types of gold ( red ) . For this type of silver , round neck white fur shiny , speckled white back black hair , black wing feathers and tail feathers and white striped dominant mixed black and white . Being a small comb with bright red and black eyes circled in yellow .

Another feature is the arabic chicken at the age of one week stud has grown comb . Female parent does not have the nature of a productive brood with age until the age of 1.5 years . With proper management , these chickens can be nurtured as a lucrative source of income .

Excellence and excess arabic chicken among others ;

DOC prices fluctuate , sometimes higher / lower than regular chicken . As of August 2010 the price had been vaccinated Mareks 3.500/ekor doc .

Egg weight ranged from 35 to 42.5 grams

Varies the color of egg shell white , yellowish and brownish white

Mains relatively high price ( pullet reaches Rp 40.000/ekor )

Feed consumption ( FCR ) is relatively small because of the kind of small

High male sexuality

Hens do not have the nature of the brood , so long spawning period

Can be used for genetic improvement of domestic poultry

The arabic chicken weaknesses , among others ;

Skin color and flesh somewhat blackish so the selling price adolescence and afkirnya relatively low .

The nature incubate almost nothing, so it took incubator to incubate chicken eggs or use the services of the parent chicken , duck or other .

Low body weight is from 1 - 1.2 kg .

However, when viewed from the side of weakness will lead the side no meaning . Hopefully this article can help to prospective breeders , prospective investors , and who already has a chicken farm chicken arabic to better know who will and who have maintained .

So, thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. 

sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://primadonablog.blogspot.com/2014/02/arabic-chicken.html             DatePublished: February 04, 2014 at 17:43

7MHPNPADAEFW

Tag ; Arabic chicken.