Dollar world currency.

America has replaced gold as a source of liquidity in the economy of the world and become the basis of the world's financial system.

The first reason:

History brings dollars to international currency.
Starting from the Bretton Woods agreement after World War 2 that the effect is still felt today; agreement to use gold as a global standard currency values. At that time the state of the economies of the world, except the United States, were destroyed by the war. This causes them to rely on loans granted by the United States. These loans are given in US dollars. As collateral, Americans receive gold owned these countries. The result, with automatic control of all the gold in the world and thus only the US dollar value is backed by gold. In practical terms, this means that the US dollar has replaced gold as a source of liquidity in the economy of the world and become the basis of the world's financial system. The implication, every country build foreign exchange reserves in US dollars; The dollar reserve currency is needed so that a country can be exchanged for dollars or gold. At this time it was the American currency became an international currency.

The second reason:

The risk of becoming an international currency
Not always become an international currency that has a positive effect on the country's currency has, in this case American countries with dollar. Many of the negative effects that could hit the United States when the currency become an international currency. Some of the negative effects become an international currency, among others:
1. The country must maintain trust me, which led the country to have an arduous task for the world.
2. If the owner of an international currency countries are not able to maintain trust, it can lead to the currency's drop suddenly.
3. It would be difficult to control liquidity

The third reason:

Not all strong currency could become an international currency.
To become an international currency needs a strong owner, in this case a strong state. Being a strong currency does not mean being able to become an international currency. This is because countries with currencies that do not necessarily have the economic and political stability are good. Yet to become an international currency, the country needed economic and political situation is stable, because as an international currency needed confidence of the world for the world to use it.
For example, the currency of the country of Iraq, the Dinar. Although at this time Dinar as one of the strongest currencies, but the situation is not stable Iraq, because of war, conflict in the country, as well as its economy. This causes the world do not want to entrust its currency to the Iraqi Dinar currency because although the strongest, but not necessarily be stable in the long term. Instability can occur because of a war that became increasingly become or conflict in the country, which in turn can lead to the impoverished country and its currency fell to the weakest currency. Whereas the currency exchange and store it is a long-term activity, and so we need great confidence of the world. This is because the US dollar became the currency of the country believed the world because of the conditions that can be predicted to be stable in the long term.
So it's not because of American superpower and simply make its currency international currency or even no-kalikong kong Jewish.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: November 22, 2014 at 19:57

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You know Jiroemon Kimura.

Surname 木村 次郎 右衛門
Born Kinjiro Miyake (三 宅 金治郎?)
19 April 1897
Kamiukawa (now part of Kyotango), Kyoto Prefecture, Japan
Died June 12, 2013
(age 116 years, 54 days)
Japanese citizenship
Retired postal worker, farmer.

Jiroemon Kimura (Kimura Jirōemon 木村 次郎 右衛門 ?, born 19 April 1897 - died June 12, 2013 at the age of 116 years) is the world's oldest person after the death of Dina Manfredini on December 17, 2012. He also was the oldest man with the longest life span in history , and the first man in history to have reached the age of 116 years. Kimura also the last man who was born in the 19th century 113 years since the death of the man, James Sisnett of Barbados on May 23, 2013.
Kimura died of natural causes on June 12, 2013 at the age of 116 years, 54 days.
Kimura became Japan's oldest man who is still alive after the death of Tomoji Tanabe on June 19, 2009, the oldest man in the world after the death of Walter Breuning on April 14, 2011, and the oldest in Japan after the death Chiyono Hasegawa on December 2, 2011.

Early life and education.

Kimura was born with the name Kinjiro Miyake (三 宅 金治郎 Miyake Kinjirō?) On 19 April 1897 Kamiukawa fishing village, he was the third of six children born to a peasant couple Morizo and Fusa Miyake. He completed the second level school in his class at the age of 14 and began working on the local post office around the age of 17. He retired in 1962 at age 65, after working at the post office for 45 years.

Married and career.

In 1920, Kimura also worked as an employee of government communications in Korea, when Korea became a colony of the Imperial Japanese. After returning from Korea, he was married to his neighbor, Yae Kimura (1904-1978). Because of his wife's family did not have a male heir, he changed his name to Jiroemon Kimura, becoming the ninth member of the family that bears that name.

Personal life.

Kimura four siblings lived past the age of 90, and his youngest brother died at the age of 100. Kimura had seven children, 14 grandchildren, 25 great-grandchildren, and 14 canggah. Kimura health conscious and active. After retiring from the post office, he then farmed until the age of 90. He wakes up in the morning and read the newspaper with a magnifying glass. He also enjoyed the conversation and follow the parliamentary debate live on television. According to him, a small portion of food is the key to a long and healthy life. Kimura lived in Kyotango, Kyoto Prefecture, the widow of his eldest son, 83, and his grandson's widow, 59.
In its 114-year anniversary on April 19, 2011, Kimura said that he survived the quake We Tango 1927 measuring 7.6 magnitude quake that struck Kyoto and killed more than 3,000 people. He was born in the 30th year of the Meiji era, lived during the reign of emperor 4, and 61 the Prime Minister of Japan, starting from Masayoshi Matsukata to Shinzo Abe.
In October 2012, Kimura received a certificate from Guinness World Records, with regard to the inclusion of Kimura's name in the book of Guinness World Records, the latest edition in 2013, this is the second year in a row Kimura is recognized as the oldest man in the world, he also appeared in the 2012 edition of the book Here you are. During the meeting, Kimura said he spends most of his time in bed.
At the birthday-116 and also the last, Kimura received many good words, including a video message from Shinzo Abe, Prime Minister of Japan.
He was hospitalized for pneumonia on May 11, 2013. He died of natural causes at a hospital in his hometown in Kyotango, at 2:08 am, June 12, the local government said in a statement fax. Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: November 22, 2014 at 19:06

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Will Achieve Success Ideals.

Successfully achieve goals, especially the great ideals is the dream of everyone. Including the pessimists. Actually they have great ideals, but because of his pessimistic, they are buried deep in these ideals. You forget your ideals? If yes, please read this trit I will explain how you can successfully achieve your goals.

The method described has been proven. If you follow it, God willing, you will successfully reach your goals. No matter how much your goals. Do not be pessimistic, do not be afraid.

At this time I will discuss three requirements that you must have so that you keep trying, keep acting, and still struggling to achieve your goals. Because this is your key to achieving goals, which does not stop. These three terms below will make your self can not be stopped by anything and anyone except by Allah SWT.
Maintain Confidence That You Will Achieve Success Ideals

There are 3 dimensional belief that you must have and keep. During these three beliefs you have, you will never stop, you will remain optimistic, so you will keep moving.

What are the three dimensions of faith?

1. Sure to yourself, that God has given considerable potential to achieve your goals.
2. Are you sure that your goals you can achieve. Although it looks hard and heavy, but you must make sure that the ideals it may be achieved by you. Simple criteria, if there is someone else who has reached one (except the Prophet), then you will be able to achieve it.
3. Confident that God will help and assist you.
Keeping Your Focus On Ideals

When you lose focus, you lose the same energy. Not no energy, but the energy you will be dispersed and no longer enough to achieve your goals. However good you are, it is still very limited human. We can not have everything. Time and resources are limited. For that you have to keep your focus on reaching goals.

You must have a system that you stay focused on your goals. It could be that it was a mentor to guide and direct you to your goals. It could be a picture or object that reminds you to focus on the goal. Or whatever you can do to keep yourself focused.

Of course, that is the focus here is not meant to be forgetting something else. Daily devotions obviously should not be forgotten by our focus to achieve my goals. The focus here means you have to give a specific time to achieve your goals and concentration while working.

For example, specify how much time you allocate to achieve your goals. When to schedule. Allocation of time would be in accordance with the magnitude of the ideals you have. If you have great ideals, of the time required will be more and more. But do not worry, you can achieve great goals with less time if you apply the concept of Revolution Time and Leverage.

Maintain Motivation.

Motivation is the energy. Motivation as a fuel in your vehicle. If there is no motivation, then you will not be able to move achieve your goals. What if the motivation runs out or down? Then you have to fill it again. If your motor run out of gas, then you have to refill it. If your HP runs out of electricity, then you need to charge it again. Fortunately, motivation does not need to pay or buy. You can raise your motivation whenever you want. Energy inside you can bounce back if you want to raise him. As long as there is motivation, you will continue to move. If the move, and the right direction, sooner or later you will reach the destination. So you will successfully achieve your goals if you keep the faith, keep your focus and keep your motivation. Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: November 22, 2014 at 18:11

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Tips for Choosing Veil.

Confused to choose the veil to be worn everyday? Where ya that suits you, and is comfortable to use? Woman only have special tips for you who want to look beautiful with hijab. Tricks in particular only one, adjust to the shape of your face.

Round face.

 It annoyed to have a round face, because if one choose the veil becomes your face will look bloated and fat. For those of you who have a round face, Ceramic veil with undercaps are easily found in the market. Your hair ponytail if long, then use undercaps, do dicepol or bun because it would give the impression of your head round. Tie hijab, then on the cheeks can be pulled up to half of the cheeks closed. Make sure you also fixed and comfortable and not crowded yes. Next you can enter the rest of the veil or decorate it with a brooch.

Oval face or Long.

For your face oval or long, Turkish style is most appropriate to wear, because it would give the impression of a full and more solid for a long face. You may curl your hair so that the shape of your head better and by the face.

Square face.

For your face veil should use a rounded square shape will frame the face becomes softer and eliminate sharp lines. Avoid using harsh colors and flashy. Use soft colors or layer so that the face look more full.

Oval face.

For those of you who oval face, you are free to use various style headscarf. Just stay where you mix that fits with the color of your skin and clothes. Your heartbeat will be more graceful and sweet.

GENERAL TIPS:

We recommend that you select the original cotton scarf so comfortable and not hot when worn. Moreover, cotton veil will help the scalp and hair to keep it breathe. Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
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name: Bambang Sunarno.
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DatePublished: November 22, 2014 at 12:54

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Bung Karno initiated building.

Istiqlal Mosque.

Istiqlal Mosque is a mosque located in the center of the capital of the Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta. This Mosque is the largest mosque in Southeast Asia. This mosque was initiated by Ir. Sukarno in which the first stone erection, mark the beginning of construction of the Istiqlal Mosque conducted by Ir. Sukarno on August 24, 1951. The architect was Frederich Silaban Istiqlal Mosque.

The location of the mosque is located in the northeast of the National Monument (Monas). The main building of this mosque consists of five floors. This mosque has a 45-meter diameter dome. The mosque is able to accommodate up to more than two hundred thousand worshipers.

Besides being used as religious activities of Muslims, the mosque was also used as the office of the Indonesian Ulema Council, social activities, and general activities. The mosque is also one of the famous tourist attraction in Jakarta. Most tourists who visit general domestic tourists, and the majority of foreign tourists who are Muslims. It is unknown whether non-Muslims can visit this mosque.

MONAS.

National Monument or popularly abbreviated to Monas monument or memorial is at 132 meters (433 feet) which was established in memory of resistance and struggle of the people of Indonesia to win independence from Dutch colonial rule. The construction of this monument began on August 17, 1961 under the command of President Sukarno, and was opened to the public on July 12, 1975.

This monument is crowned flame coated gold sheet which symbolizes the spirit of fiery struggle. The National Monument is located right in the center of Merdeka Square, Central Jakarta. Monuments and museums are open every day starting at 08:00 to 15:00 West Indonesia Time. On Monday last week of each month is closed to the public.

Aerospace sculpture.

Monument Statue of Aerospace or better known as the Statue of Jewel is one monument statue located in Jakarta. The location of the monument is located in the Jewel, South Jakarta. Right in front of the office complex Aerospace Aldiron Pensions which was once the headquarters of the Air Force. Strategic position as a gateway to Jakarta for the newcomers who had just landed at the airport Halim.

The statue was designed by Edhi Sunarso circa 1964 - 1965 with the help of family Arca Yogyakarta. While the process is carried out by casting Pengecorannya Artistic Bronze Sculpture Decorative Yogyakarta leader I Gardono. The heavy bronze statue reaches 11 tons. While high statue itself is 11 meters, and the feet of the statue reaches 27 meters. The process of construction is done by PN Hutama with Ir. Sutami as executive architect.
The work was delayed because of the events PKI September 30 Movement in 1965.

The design of this statue based on the request of Bung Karno to show the might of Indonesia in the field of aerospace. The emphasis of the sculpture design means that to achieve strength, the Indonesian people rely on the properties Honestly, Bold and Vibrant

Wisma Nusantara.

Wisma Nusantara is an office building 117 meters tall and 30 floors located in Indonesia roundabout, Jakarta, Indonesia. This building was built in 1964 and was completed in 1967 and was the first skyscraper in Indonesia. This building is located near the Hotel Nikko and opposite the Hotel Indonesia.

Hotel Indonesia.

Hotel Indonesia is the first five-star hotel built in Jakarta, Indonesia. The hotel was inaugurated on August 5, 1962 by the First President, Sukarno to welcome the Asian Games IV in 1962. The building was designed by architect Hotel Indonesia Abel Sorensen and his wife, Wendy, from the United States. Occupying an area of 25 082 square meters, the hotel has the slogan A Dramatic Symbol of Free Nations Working Together.

The hotel was designated as a cultural heritage by the government of Jakarta with the issuance of Jakarta Governor Decree No. 475 dated March 29, 1993.

Bung Karno Stadium.

Sports (Stadium) Bung Karno is a multipurpose sports complex in Senayan, Jakarta, Indonesia. The sports complex is named in honor of Sukarno, Indonesia's first president, who is also a character who sparked the idea of the construction of this sports complex.

In order to de-Soekarnoisasi, the New Order era, the name of the sports complex is converted into Senayan. After the passing wave of reform in 1998, the name of the sports complex is returned to its original name by the Decree of the President. With a capacity of about 100,000 people, the stadium that was built in the mid-1958 and the completion of its first phase in the third quarter of 1962, is one of the largest in the world. Ahead of the 2007 Asian Cup, the stadium renovation which reduces the capacity of the stadium into a 88 083 spectators.

Funded by soft loans from the Soviet Union was 12.5 million US dollars which certainty is obtained on December 23, 1958.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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DatePublished: November 22, 2014 at 12:20

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Beautiful and unique bridges.

Bridge, now no longer simply connecting the two different places. But, it is also a place that is able to attract attention, so it can be used as an attractive tourist destination. Not because of its function, but rather a unique and beautiful shape. As six of the following bridges are quoted from the BBC.

Rakotz bridge, Germany.

It was proof that the bridge is not just connecting two places, but also as works of art combined human and natural. Rakotz bridge in Kromlau, Germany, the bridge was probably just plain with a curved shape. Which makes it special is the scenery around him. With a calm lake clear and karst rocks sticking out of the bottom of the lake, making the scenery around this bridge was very romantic.

Floating bridge, Malaysia

The bridge is made by an architect named Mayur this Kanaya, built on top of Mount Mat Chopped on the island of Langkawi. According Kanaya, the bridge is made to provide an experience for the tourists to set foot lightly on the sky while enjoying the forest and wildlife.

Root bridge, India.

If the bridge is usually made of stone or wood, the bridge in the village of Cherrapunji in the state of Meghalaya, India, is actually made from tree roots. The roots of trees on the left and right banks of the river, woven to form a bridge. War-Khasis, which is a local tribe in this place has been made of the root bridge since time immemorial. As a result, the root bridge can still be used by the residents to cross the river along 30 meters.

Splitting bridge river, Netherlands.

If most of the bridge is made on the water, sunken bridge in Fort de Roovere, near the village of Halsteren, Netherlands, is actually made by splitting the river. This bridge was made by architecture named Wu Zhuoyi who designed the bridge as a ditch. Wall bridge serves as a dam to hold back water into the bridge.

Rolling Bridge, London.

Bridge that divide when a passing ship, may be used. But, what if the bridge is actually rolled when a ship across the sea? This unique bridge is located in Paddington Basin, London. With the name Rolling Bridge, the bridge will be rolled each time a ship headed for the Grand Union Canal passes in Friday afternoon.

Stone bridge, Yemen.

A mechanical engineer named Achilleas Vortselas once said that there will never be a modern bridge that can beat the beauty of traditional stone bridge. Stone bridge into evidence mankind persistence in overcoming obstacles, even with simple technical means. Shaharah Bridge in Yemen is one such example.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
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DatePublished: November 22, 2014 at 11.14

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E-ID technology.

What we already know about the electronic ID card or e-ID card? Many of you may already have it, but do not yet know thoroughly. It is known about the e-ID card may only issue a ban on photocopying.

E-KTP actually been used in many countries. Indonesia's new cards to develop a model of this population. In terms of technology, what are the highlights of the e-ID card? Technology what is in it?

In a press conference on e-ID card held at the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Wednesday (15/05/2013), engineers involved in the development of e-ID card Indonesia explained that the e-ID technologies are at least four, namely chips , blank or smart cards, biometrics, and e-ID card reader device.

Cip.

Chief Programme Engineer Research and e-ID card, reveal, one of the core technologies in e-ID card is chip. Cip e-ID card is a microprocessor-based smart card with 8 KB of memory.

Cip in e-KTP who owner is responsible for maintaining the data, signature, photograph, and two fingerprint data. Default fingerprint is used as well as the right hand index finger left hand.

E-ID chip is not visible from the outside. These chips already meet the standards of ISO 14443 A and 14443 B, supports the confidentiality of the data owner of the e-ID card. The chip can only be read by a particular reading device to ensure data security.

In the future, e-ID chip may still be developed. One of them, the second generation of e-ID card, the storage capacity of the chip would be a plus. The addition will support the use of e-ID cards than as identity cards, for example, social security cards and so on.

Blank aka "smart cards".

Blank aka smart card may look ordinary, but made with a special material polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G). This blank has passed the test of the Polymer Technology Center Puspiptek BPPT in Serpong.

Card consists of seven layers. Chip and antenna that became a major component of the e-ID card is located in the middle layer has a thickness of 330 microns. Another layer serves as a protective layer, picture layer, and the free layer with a thickness of about 95 microns.

Blank material has been designed so that the resistance of certain environmental factors. For example, for temperature, blank material and chip resistant temperature between -25 to 70 degrees Celsius. Blank also resistant to pressure and certain chemicals.

Biometrics.

Biometrics are simply the identification of an individual based on the characteristics attached to it. Characteristics can include physiological traits such as fingerprints and eye or behavioral traits such as voice.

In the e-ID card, the individual characteristics used in biometrics are 10 fingerprints, iris in the two eyes and face photo. Feature is automatically saved to the data center at the Ministry of Interior when the owner takes care of e-ID card.

Biometric technology in e-KTP has two functions. First, to ensure the unity of the identity of the population. Consequently, with this technology, residents can not have two e-ID card with biographical data either the same or different.

When a person takes care of e-ID card, will be tested singularity. Ten fingerprints, two iris, and face will be taken and matched. If it proves not registered, all data will be incorporated into the data center and e-ID chip. If you are already registered, the process can not be continued.

The second function is the biometric verification process. This process ensures the cardholder is actually the owner. In this process, only the fingerprint data read with the help of e-ID card reader device.

E-ID card reader device.

E-ID card reader device is actually a separate device. However, these technologies into a single unit. Without the e-ID, e-ID card does not work because the necessary data in it can not be known.

E-ID card reader device is equipped with a biometric fingerprint module. The module serves fingerprint matching ID card holder with fingerprints stored in the e-ID card. If appropriate, confirmed that the e-ID card holders actually the owner.

To use the reader, the e-ID card first placed on the device. Description of e-ID card can be read will appear in less than 10 seconds. When you can not read, a great possibility of e-ID card is fake.

The next process, the e-ID card holders are asked putting fingerprints on fingerprint biometrics module. If the fingerprints match the fingerprints stored in the e-ID card, the data in e-ID chip will appear. If not, access to the data will be rejected.

By knowing the technology in e-KTP, the owner may have the right knowledge. With existing technology, the e-ID card will not be damaged if photocopied, but will be damaged if in-stapler. E-ID card would also be damaged when exposed to water but water with temperatures above 75 degrees celsius.

In the future, e-ID technology will continue to be developed. There is the idea that e-ID card also functions as a social security card, debit card, and so on. While the reader will also continue to be developed to fit the needs of many parties. Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
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DatePublished: 21 November 2014 at 20:38

Tag : E-ID technology.

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